World Bank Structural Adjustment, Water, and Sanitation: A Cross-National Analysis of Child Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie L. Shandra ◽  
John M. Shandra ◽  
Bruce London
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

The World Bank and Child Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Coburn ◽  
Michael Restivo ◽  
John M. Shandra
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression ◽  
The Impact

We examine the impact of World Bank structural adjustment and health lending on child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa from 1990 to 2005. We use two-way fixed effects regression models to analyze data for a sample of thirty-one Sub-Saharan African nations. We find that when a Sub-Saharan African nation receives a World Bank structural adjustment loan then it tends to have higher levels of child mortality than when it does not receive such a loan. Conversely, we find that when a Sub-Saharan African nations receives a World Bank investment loan in the health sector then it tends to have lower levels of child mortality than it if does not receive an investment health loan. We conclude by talking about the theoretical implications, methodological implications, policy suggestions, limitations of the study, and possible avenues for future research.

scholarly journals The impacts of retention, expenditures, and class size on primary school completion in Sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-national analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Richard Ruff
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
School Completion ◽  
Free Primary Education ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Expenditure Increase ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Education in Sub-Saharan Africa is increasingly viewed as a means of emancipation, acting as a transformative project for social mobility. Developing nations have subsequently pursued policies designed to increase access to education and improve upon student outcomes, such as universal or free primary education. In this study, direct and indirect precursors to primary school completion in Sub-Saharan Africa are considered using cross-national data collected by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Path analysis results show that imbalanced pupil-teacher ratios and high student retention rates are negatively associated with primary school completion. Additionally, the positive relationship between expenditure increase and completion rates is mediated by a negative contribution to pupil-teacher ratios. Results are compared with existing production function research on varied educational inputs and student success.

Guinea's Economic Performance Under Structural Adjustment: Importance of Mining and Agriculture

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie Campbell ◽  
Jennifer Clapp
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programmes

Domestic policy inadequacies have been targeted by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as the main reason for poor economic performance in sub-Saharan Africa generally.1 The structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) sponsored by these international financial institutions (IFIs) over the past decade have sought to rectify such policies. But many countries following their advice have continued to experience economic decline, albeit according to the World Bank, as a result primarily of their failure to properly implement the recommended reforms. It was argued in the late 1980s and early 1990S that governments pursuing strong adjustment programmes, even in the face of inhospitable world economic conditions, still outperformed weak reformers.2 This analysis does not hold with the same weight for all African countries. In the case of Guinea, external factors have been equally important in explaining its economic record under adjustment.

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