Influence of Smoking Cigarettes on Cerebral Blood Flow Parameters

Introduction: While chronic cigarette smoking can lead to increased risk of stroke, the acute effects of smoking have not been established. We studied the changes in blood flow parameters in the major cerebral arteries caused by smoking one cigarette. Method: Using transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS), we studied the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and the internal carotid artery (ICA) of 36 healthy male volunteers before and after they smoked one cigarette. Results: Blood flow velocity increased to a different degree in all but one of the arteries examined after participants smoked a single cigarette: The end diastolic velocity increased significantly by 7.8% in the PCA, 8% in the ACA, and 14.4% in the MCA. The peak systolic velocity increased significantly by 7.5% in the MCA. Blood flow velocity remained unchanged in the ICA only. Blood pressure and heart rate increased as did the flow velocity ratio for the MCA/ICA. The pulsatility index decreased after smoking from 0.92 ± 0.13 to 0.87 ± 0.14 in the MCA, 0.93 ± 0.15 to 0.87 ± 0.13 in the ACA, and 0.95 ± 0.17 to 0.89 ± 0.16 in the PCA. Conclusions: The results suggest that the direct effect of smoking on cerebral circulation includes peripheral vasodilatation with possible constriction of the main trunk of the basal cerebral arteries.

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Transcranial Doppler Ultrasounography for Diagnosis of Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Mean Blood Flow Velocity Ratio of the Ipsilateral and Contralateral Middle Cerebral Arteries

Journal of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jvs.2012.02.018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 1220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Nakae ◽

H. Yokota ◽

D. Yoshida

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Cerebral Vasospasm ◽

Transcranial Doppler ◽

Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Velocity Ratio ◽

Middle Cerebral Arteries

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Effects of LI11 Acupuncture on CO2 reactivity in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries during hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia in normal subjects: A before and after study

Journal of Korean Medicine ◽

10.13048/jkm.21044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 174-185

Author(s):

Gyeong-muk Kim ◽

Woo-Sang Jung ◽

Seungwon Kwon ◽

Chul Jin ◽

Seung-Yeon Cho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Co2 Reactivity ◽

Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽

Before And After

Objectives: The LI11 (Quchi) acupuncture point has always been included in the Seven acupoints for stroke; however, additional LI11 acupuncture research is needed. In this study, the effect of LI11 acupuncture on cerebral blood flow of the anterior cerebral arteries (ACA) and middle cerebral arteries (MCA) was investigated.Method: This study included 10 healthy young male subjects. Cerebral blood flow velocity and cerebrovascular reactivity were measured using transcranial Doppler sonography. Changes in hyperventilation-induced carbon dioxide (CO2) reactivity and modified ACA and MCA blood flow velocity at 40 mmHg (CV40), blood pressure, and heart rate were observed before and after LI11 acupuncture treatment.Results: A statistically significant increase in contralateral anterior cerebral artery CO2 reactivity (p=0.036) and decrease in contralateral middle cerebral artery CV40 (p=0.047) were observed. No significant difference in mean blood pressure was shown. A statistically significant increase in heart rate occurred after LI11 acupuncture; however, it was not clinically significant as there were negligible changes in the heart rhythm.Conclusions: LI11 acupuncture treatment could improve cerebral blood flow velocity. These results might be explained by regulating endothelium-dependent vessel dilation in the anterior cerebral artery region.Trial registration: This trial has been registered with Clinical Research Information Service, a service of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: KCT0004494 (retrospectively registered). https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=15359

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Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography for Diagnosis of Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Mean Blood Flow Velocity Ratio of the Ipsilateral and Contralateral Middle Cerebral Arteries

Yearbook of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.yvas.2012.03.020 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 48-50

Author(s):

G.L. Moneta

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Transcranial Doppler ◽

Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Doppler Ultrasonography ◽

Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Velocity Ratio ◽

Middle Cerebral Arteries

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Effect of indapamide and bisoprolol monotherapy on cerebrovascular reactivity in hypertensive patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Siberian Medical Journal ◽

10.29001/2073-8552-2019-34-3-122-128 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 122-128

Author(s):

I. I. Bogomolova ◽

N. V. Rebrova ◽

O. L. Sarkisova ◽

T. M. Ripp ◽

V. F. Mordovin

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound ◽

Cerebrovascular Reactivity

Aim. To investigate the effect of indapamide and bisoprolol monotherapy on cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in patients with combined hypertension (HT) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Materials and Methods. A total of 66 patients with HT grade 1-2 and RA (average age of 59.0 ± 7.5 years) were included in an open-controlled randomized study in parallel groups. Group 1 included 33 patients treated with indapamide 2.5 mg/day. Group 2 included 33 patients treated with bisoprolol 6.0 ± 2.6 mg/day. We performed 24-h blood pressure monitoring and transcranial Doppler ultrasound of the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) with assessment of CVR during hyperoxia and hypercapnia tests before and after 24 weeks of treatment.Results. Indapamide treatment improved CVR parameters during hypercapnia test. The MCA peak systolic velocity increased significantly from 53.7 [34.8; 67.8] to 55.8 [37.6; 69.0] сm/s (p = 0.017). Bisoprolol treatment worsened CVR parameters during hypercapnia test. The speed modification of MCA blood flow velocity decreased significantly from 0.10 [0.05; 0.19] to 0.08 [-0.01; 017] cm/s2 (p = 0.032). The index of recovery of MCA blood flow velocity decreased significantly from 1.11 [0.95; 1.27] to 0.84 [0.78; 1.08] (p = 0.006)Conclusion. Indapamide treatment improved CVR parameters, but bisoprolol treatment worsened CVR parameters during hypercapnia test in patients with combined HT and RA.

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Blood Flow Velocity Changes in Migraine Attacks-A Transcranial Doppler Study

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.1991.1102103.x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 103-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

CP Zwetsloot ◽

JFV Caekebeke ◽

JC Jansen ◽

J Odink ◽

MD Ferrari

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

External Carotid Artery ◽

External Carotid ◽

Doppler Study ◽

The Common

A pulsed Doppler device was used to measure blood flow velocities in the common carotid artery, the extracranial part of the internal carotid artery, the external carotid artery, the middle cerebral artery, and the anterior cerebral artery in 31 migraineurs without aura ( n = 27) and with aura ( n = 4), both during and outside an attack. The aims were to compare blood flow velocity during and between migraine attacks and to study asymmetries of the blood flow velocity. Compared with blood flow velocity values obtained in the attack-free interval, blood flow velocity was lower during attacks without aura in both common carotid arteries, but not in the other extra- and intracranial vessels which were examined. However, during attacks of migraine with aura, blood flow velocity tended to be lower in all examined vessels. There were no asymmetries of the blood flow velocity. We suggest that during migraine attacks without aura there is a dissociation in blood flow regulation in the common carotid and middle cerebral arteries.

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SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER RIGHT MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY IN THE FIRST EPISODE OF PSYCHOSIS DURING NEUROCOGNITIVE TESTING

Psychiatria Danubina ◽

10.24869/spsih.2018.172 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 172-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ivana Kekin ◽

◽

Dina Bosnjak ◽

Porin Makaric ◽

Zarko Bajic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Middle Cerebral Artery ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Blood Flow Velocity ◽

First Episode ◽

Artery Blood Flow ◽

Neurocognitive Testing

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Doppler evaluation of the posterior cerebral artery in fetuses with transposition of great arteries

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2019-0176 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 504-508

Author(s):

Ya Tan ◽

Shi Zeng ◽

YuShan Liu ◽

HuaYu Tang ◽

BaiHua Zhao

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Artery ◽

Pulsatility Index ◽

Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Peak Systolic Velocity ◽

Transposition Of Great Arteries ◽

Velocity Time Integral ◽

Time Integral ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Doppler Evaluation

AbstractObjectiveTo observe Doppler ultrasound changes in the two segments of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) in fetuses with transposition of the great arteries (TGA).MethodsThe peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI), and velocity-time integral (VTI) of the two segments of PCA (the first segment: PCAS1, the second segment: PCAS2) and of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) were compared in TGA fetuses and normal fetuses. The abnormality rate between the PCAS1-PI and MCA-PI was compared in TGA fetuses.ResultsThe PCAS1-PI and MCA-PI were smaller in the TGA fetuses than in the controls (all P < 0.05), but the PCAS2-PI was unchanged (P > 0.05). The MCA-VTI, PCAS1-VTI, and PCAS2-VTI were larger in the TGA fetuses (all P < 0.05). In the TGA fetuses, the abnormality rate of the PCAS1-PI was significantly higher than that of the MCA-PI (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn fetuses with TGA, there were hemodynamic differences between the two segments of the posterior cerebral arteries. Moreover, PCAS1 exhibited signs of vasodilatation more obviously than did the MCA in fetuses with TGA.

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