Chronological changes of the anterior chamber structure, axial length, and refraction in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212090203
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Muto ◽  
Shigeki Machida
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Pulse Treatment ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Steroid Pulse ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose: To clarify the chronological changes in the anterior chamber structure and identify the spherical equivalent and axial length to assess the effects of steroid pulse treatment in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease with active uveitis. Methods: The anterior chamber condition, including anterior chamber volume, central anterior chamber depth, peripheral anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, and pupil diameter, was measured using Pentacam, and axial length was measured using IOLMaster in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease between June 2015 and February 2018. Furthermore, the best-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and retinal foveola thickness were also analyzed. All patients were treated with steroid pulse. All these factors were compared before and at 1 and 6 months of treatment. Results: Significant changes were observed in the anterior chamber volume, central anterior chamber depth, peripheral anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, axial length, best-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and retinal foveal thickness before and at 1 and 6 months of steroid pulse treatment ( P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.0015, P = 0.027, P < 0.001, P = 0.0043, and P < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was observed in the pupil diameter before and at 1 month and 6 months of steroid pulse treatment ( P = 0.11). Conclusion: The anterior chamber structure, axial length, best-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and retinal foveal thickness were dramatically changed by steroid pulse treatment in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease who develop active uveitis. These changes were completed within 1 month.

scholarly journals Posterior Scleral Reinforcement for The Treatment of Myopic Foveoschisis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing He ◽  
Xiu Wang ◽  
Caiyuan Xie ◽  
Anquan Xue ◽  
Ruihua Wei
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Myopic Foveoschisis ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Posterior Scleral Reinforcement ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness of posterior scleral reinforcement for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis.Methods: This was a prospective study of 32 eyes from 20 patients with myopic foveoschisis treated with posterior scleral reinforcement using genipin-cross-linked donor sclerae . The length of the scleral strip used for the surgery was designed to be 1.5-times the axial length of the eye, whereas its width was 0.4-times the axial length of the eye. The optical coherence tomography images, spherical equivalent of refractive error, axial length, best corrected visual acuity, electroretinogram findings, and intraocular pressure of the patients were assessed postoperatively. Results: The mean duration of follow-up was 17.80 ± 8.74 months. The differences between the spherical equivalent of refractive error, best corrected visual acuity, axial length, and electroretinogram findings recorded preoperatively and those measured postoperatively were statistically significant (p＜0.05). The final reduction in axial length was 1.64 ± 0.85 mm. At the end of the follow-up, optical coherence tomography showed essential foveal reattachment in 30 eyes (93.75%), partial reattachment in two eyes (6.25%), and closure of macular holes in seven eyes (77.78%). No retinal detachment, vitreous haemorrhage, or other serious complications occurred following the surgery. Conclusions: Posterior scleral reinforcement with genipin-cross-linked sclera showed safe and effective outcomes for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis during a follow-up period of at least one yearTrial registration:ChiCTR1800020012

scholarly journals A calculator proposal for estimating refractive error after 3 years using the onset biometric values in primary school children: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feride Tuncer Orhan ◽  
Haluk Huseyin Gürsoy
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Final Data ◽  
The Mean

Aim To evaluate consecutive measurements of the biometric parameters, age, and refraction error in a Turkish population at primary school age. Materials and Methods A total of 197 children aged between 7-12 years were included. The data of three consecutive measurements of children, who were examined at least once a year for three years using both cycloplegic auto-refractometry and optical biometry, were used in this retrospective study. Spherical equivalent <-0.50D was considered to be myopic; >+0.75D was considered to be hypermetropic. Age, gender, body mass index, spherical equivalent, axial length, anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, keratometry, and lens thickness were analyzed. The onset data obtained in 2013 whereas, the final data were from 2015. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed (p<0.05). Results The mean of the onset and the final spherical equivalents were 0.19D (0.56), and 0.08D (0.80), respectively. The myopia prevalence was increased among refractive errors in observation periods (univariable analysis p=0.029; multivariable analysis p=0.017). The onset axial length (HR:4.55, 95%CI:2.87-7.24, p<0.001), keratometry (HR:2.04, 95%CI:1.55-2.67, p<0.001) and age (HR:0.73, 95%CI: 0.57-0.92, p=0.009) correlated myopia progression. To calculate the estimated spherical equivalent, the onset data were included in the logistic regression model. The onset data of spherical equivalent (β=0.916, p<0.001), axial length (β=-0.451, p<0.001), anterior chamber depth (β=0.430, p=0.005) and keratometry (β=-0.172, p<0.001) were found to be significantly associated with the mean SE at the final data. Conclusions To calculate the estimated spherical equivalent following three years, an equation was proposed. The estimated refractive error of children can be calculated by using the proposed equation with the associated onset optical parameters.

scholarly journals Corneal Neovascularization and Lipid Keratopathy after Intacs SK in Keratoconus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Ramez Barbara ◽  
David Zadok ◽  
Adel Barbara ◽  
Shay Gutfreund
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Penetrating Keratoplasty ◽  
Corneal Neovascularization ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Optical Zone ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Oval Shape ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

ABSTRACT Intacs have yielded positive results for the treatment of keratoconus in terms of reducing the keratometry readings astigmatism and spherical equivalent and consequently improving the uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity. Intacs severe keratoconus (SK) are new design of Intacs with a smaller optical zone (6 mm) and oval shape, they are indicated for severe keratocnus. Pannus is one of the complications of Intacs, as it has never been reported after Intacs SK. We report on corneal neovascularization in the corneal periphery which developed few months after Intacs SK implantation in the cornea of a young female who suffered from advanced keratoconus. The uncorrected visual (UCVA) acuity was satisfactory and the Intacs SK where not removed. Four years after the implantation she presented to our clinic complaining about eye irritation and photophobia, lipid keratopathy was observed. We gave here the choice of explanting the Intacs SK or to try to treat the neovascularization by subconjunctival Avastin, she preferred the second option because of a satisfactory UCVA (0.9). Avastin was injected in the subconjunctival, 10 weeks later Avastin and Kenelog were injected in the subconjunctival, few days after the second injection perforation and melting developed in the cornea, the patient underwent a tectonic graft and few months later penetrating keratoplasty with no intraoperative or postoperative complications. How to cite this article Barbara A, Zadok D, Gutfreund S, Barbara R. Corneal Neovascularization and Lipid Keratopathy after Intacs SK in Keratoconus. J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2013;2(3):133-138.

scholarly journals Prospective study of vitrectomy for epiretinal membranes in patients with good best-corrected visual acuity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Nakashizuka ◽  
Yorihisa Kitagawa ◽  
Yu Wakatsuki ◽  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Koichi Furuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Central Foveal Thickness ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Good Group ◽  
Final Observation ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of epiretinal membrane removal in patients with good best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for improving visual function and quality of life (QOL). Methods: This prospective case study compared 37 subjects with preoperative BCVA≦logMAR0.046 (Good group) to 35 patients with logMAR BCVA 0.52–0.10 (Moderate group) at 3 and 6 months. Linear mixed-effect models were used for statistical analysis. The primary outcome was the horizontal metamorphopsia score (MH) at 6 months postoperatively (post-6 M), while secondary outcomes were postoperative BCVA, vertical metamorphopsia score (MV), aniseikonia, stereopsis and central foveal thickness. In the Good group, QOL was assessed using the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) at 6 and 12 months. Results: MH was significantly improved at post-3 M and post-6 M in the both groups but there were no significant differences between the two groups. MV showed no improvement at the final observation in either group. LogMAR BCVA was significantly improved at post-6 M in the Good group, which had significantly better vision than the Moderate group. Preoperative vertical and horizontal aniseikonia scores remained unchanged in the Good group at post-6 M but worsened in the Moderate group. The NEI VFQ-25 score improved in the Good group, reflecting improved general health, general vision, and mental health. Conclusions: Early epiretinal surgery was effective for MH, BCVA, aniseikonia, and QOL.

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of 25G vitrectomy surgery for malignant glaucoma in pseudophakia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
fei you
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Malignant Glaucoma ◽  
Intraocular Hemorrhage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Abstract Background: malignant glaucoma after cataract surgery is still one of the serious complications, if not handled properly，it may lead to serious consequences. It is notoriously difficult to treat. 25G vitrectomy was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy for the treatment of malignant glaucoma in pseudophakia. Methods: This is a retrospective, comparative case series study. A total of 20 eyes of 20 patients with malignant glaucoma after phacoemulsification were analyzed retrospectively in The First Affiliated Hospital Of Anhui Medical University from May 2015 to January 2018. All Medical Data including the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), Change of intraocular pressure (IOP), the length of eye axis, and the depth of anterior chamber were recorded. SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used for analysis .Before surgery, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.8±0.6. The intraocular pressure was between 18-57mmHg, with an average of 35.2±10.4mmHg.The depth of anterior chamber was between 0.9-1.9mm, with an average of 1.3±0.2mm.The length of eye axis was 19.7-22.5mm,with an average of 20.6±0.5mm.All the patients were accomplished with 25G vitrectomy. Besides, anterior chamber inflammatory reaction and other complications were also observed postoperation. Results: The patients were followed up for 6-12 months with an average of 9 months. BCVA at the last follow up improved to 0.8±0.1, and there was significant difference compared to that before operation (P<0.01).IOP was from 12-19mmHg, an average of 16.1±2.5mmHg, there was significant difference compared to that before operation (t=7.6, p<0.01).Only one patient occurred low IOP (6mmHg) after surgery, IOP returned to normal level (14mmHg) after conservative treatment. No serious complications including corneal endothelium decompensation, intraocular lens (IOL) capture, intraocular hemorrhage, endophthalmitis and uncontrolled IOP were observed. Conclusions: 25G minimally invasive vitrectomy can treat malignant glaucoma after cataract surgery safely and effectively

Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser for the management of refractory cystoid macular edema consequent to complicated cataract surgery

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212092800
Author(s):  
Tommaso Verdina ◽  
Cecilia Ferrari ◽  
Edoardo Valerio ◽  
Alberto Brombin ◽  
Andrea Lazzerini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Cystoid Macular Edema ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Complicated Cataract ◽  
Yellow Laser ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose: To report the safety and efficacy of subthreshold micropulse yellow laser of 577 nm for a complex case of refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Methods: A retrospective chart review of an interventional case report of three subthreshold micropulse yellow laser interventions for refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Patient: A 77-year-old healthy female underwent pseudoexfoliative cataract surgery complicated by posterior capsule rupture and sulcus intraocular lens implantation. After 3 months, she required a scleral fixation of the same lens, due to a lack of capsular support and decentration of the intraocular lens. One month later, she experienced a severe pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (foveal thickness of 399 µm and best-corrected visual acuity of 20/80 Snellen). The condition was refractory to conventional treatments prior to subthreshold micropulse yellow laser interventions, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops, topical steroids, oral indomethacin and three sub-Tenon’s triamcinolone injections, attempted over a 14-month period. Results: Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser treatment was performed and immediate resolution was achieved and maintained for 2 months. Two cases of edema relapse were observed at 3 months from initial laser treatment and again at 4 months from the second laser treatment. Final patient’s follow-up at 6 months from the third laser treatment evidenced the absence of edema, improved visual acuity (foveal thickness of 265 µm/best-corrected visual acuity of 20/30 Snellen) and the absence of complications. Conclusions: Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser seems to be a safe and effective treatment for short-term resolution of refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular edema after complicated cataract surgery and represents a useful alternative to expensive and invasive therapies. A trend towards a longer duration of edema resolution with every subthreshold micropulse yellow laser repetition was observed.

scholarly journals Prospective study of vitrectomy for epiretinal membranes in patients with good best-corrected visual acuity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Nakashizuka ◽  
Yorihisa Kitagawa ◽  
Yu Wakatsuki ◽  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Koichi Furuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Central Foveal Thickness ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Good Group ◽  
Final Observation ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Abstract Backgroud: To evaluate the efficacy of epiretinal membrane removal in patients with good best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for improving visual function and quality of life (QOL). Methods: This prospective case study compared 37 subjects with preoperative BCVA ≦ 0.046 logMAR (Good group) to 35 patients with 0.10 - 0.52 logMAR (Moderate group) at 3 and 6 months. Linear mixed-effect models were used for statistical analysis. The primary outcome was the horizontal metamorphopsia score (MH) at 6 months postoperatively (post-6 M), while secondary outcomes were postoperative BCVA, vertical metamorphopsia score (MV), aniseikonia, stereopsis and central foveal thickness. In the Good group, QOL was assessed using the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) at 6 and 12 months. Results: MH was significantly improved at post-3 M and post-6 M in the both groups but there were no significant differences between the two groups. MV showed no improvement at the final observation in either group. LogMAR BCVA was significantly improved at post-6 M in the Good group, which had significantly better vision than the Moderate group. Preoperative vertical and horizontal aniseikonia scores remained unchanged in the Good group at post-6 M but worsened in the Moderate group. The NEI VFQ-25 score improved in the Good group, reflecting improved general health, general vision, and mental health. Conclusions: Early epiretinal surgery for patients with BCVA ≦ 0.046 logMAR was effective for improvement of HM, BCVA, and QOL and prevented worsening of aniseikonia.

Performing corneal tunnel incision with keratotomy scars intersection in patients after radial keratotomy during phacoemulsification

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
H.P. Takhchidi ◽  
◽  
E.N. Panteleev ◽  
A.S. Semakina ◽  
I.V. Afanasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Radial Keratotomy ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomograph ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose. A clinical study of safety and changes of refraction during intersection of a keratotomy scar while performing the corneal tunnel incision in phacoemulsification with IOL implantation. Material and methods. The clinical study included 11 patients (19 eyes) suffering from cataract and patients with previously performed anterior radial keratotomy. A tunnel incision 2.2 mm wide was performed with the location of the scar in its center. In case of insufficient area of the corneal tissue between the scars to involve only one keratotomy scar into the tunnel incision, the adjacent scar was transected at the final stage of tunnel formation when entering the anterior chamber. The other stages of phacoemulsification were carried out in a standard way. During the operation, the state of the keratotomy scar was assessed. A day, a week and a month later after the operation, the patients underwent biomicroscopy, autorefractokeratometry, visometry with an assessment of the values of subjective and objective cylindrical correction. In order to assess the postoperative state of the keratotomy scar and the incision zone, OCT of the cornea was performed using an RTVue 100 optical coherence tomograph (Optovue, Inc, USA) in Line, Crossline, 3D cornea modes. Results. In all cases, during the operation and also the next day, biomicroscopically the cornea was transparent, there was no keratotomy scar dehiscence. There is a dynamic of the best corrected visual acuity value by 1 month after surgery and the difference between the value for subjective and objective cylinder correction as well. The next day after the operation, in all cases the keratotomy scar on the OCT scans is uniform, comparable in width, the architectonics of the tunnel incision does not differ from that of standard phacoemulsification. Conclusion. Performing a corneal tunnel incision with the beginning of the formation outside the zone of the keratotomy scar and with further intersection of the scar with the plane of the blade so that most of it is in the projection of the center of the tunnel incision, as well as the intersection of the adjacent keratotomy scar at the end of the formation of the tunnel incision when entering the anterior chamber in case of insufficient the area of the corneal tissue between the incisions is safe at all stages of phacoemulsification and in the postoperative period. Changes in the values of best corrected visual acuity over time and the difference between the values of subjective and objective cylinder correction require further study on a larger sample and using various keratometry methods. Key words: radial keratotomy, phacoemulsification, tunnel incision, intersection of the keratotomy scar, cornea optical coherence tomography.

Long-term outcome of internal limiting membrane peeling with and without foveal sparing in myopic foveoschisis

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mamdouh Elwan ◽  
Ayman Elsayed Abd Elghafar ◽  
Sherein Mahmoud Hagras ◽  
Waleed Ali Abou Samra ◽  
Sameh Mohamed Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Internal Limiting Membrane ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling ◽  
Membrane Peeling ◽  
Myopic Foveoschisis ◽  
Central Foveal Thickness ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose: To compare between vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling over the whole macula and preservation of the epi-foveal internal limiting membrane in myopic foveoschisis. Patients and methods: A prospective controlled non- randomized comparative study included patients with myopic foveoschisis recruited between 2013 and 2017. Patients were allocated into two groups: group A included patients who underwent vitrectomy with complete macular internal limiting membrane peeling and group B included those who underwent preservation of the epi-foveal membrane. Pre- and postoperative best corrected visual acuity and macular optical coherence tomography were obtained and compared. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the preoperative baseline data. The difference between the two groups was insignificant as regard postoperative best corrected visual acuity (p = 0.18) and central foveal thickness (p =0.504). There was statistically significant improvement in final best corrected visual acuity within each group (p < 0.0001). Central foveal thickness significantly decreased postoperatively within each group (p < 0.001). No macular holes or other visual-threatening complications were recorded in either group. Conclusion: Vitrectomy with complete internal limiting membrane peeling resulted in comparable outcomes to those achieved with preservation of the epi-foveal membrane in treating cases with myopic foveoschisis. There was no statistically significant difference in final visual acuity between the two groups. No macular holes were recorded in either group.

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