The association between California Verbal Learning Test performance and fibre impairment in multiple sclerosis: evidence from diffusion tensor imaging

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke Fink ◽  
Paul Eling ◽  
Eva Rischkau ◽  
Nicole Beyer ◽  
Bernd Tomandl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Learning Test

The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) is recognized as a standard clinical tool for assessing episodic memory difficulties in multiple sclerosis (MS), but its neural correlates have not yet been examined in detail in this patient population. We combined neuropsychological examination and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analysis in a group of MS patients ( N = 50) and demographically matched healthy participants ( N = 20). We investigated the degree of impairment of the uncinate fascicle (UF), the superior longitudinal fascicle (SLF), the fornix (FX) and the cingulum (CG). The patients were impaired on all CVLT parameters and the DTI parameters correlated moderately with disease-related variables. Regression analyses in the complete study sample showed that CVLT learning scores correlated with impairment of the right UF. This association reached marginal significance in the patient sample. In contrast to other studies claiming retrieval deficits, our results suggest that encoding and consolidation deficits may play a major role in verbal memory impairments in MS. The findings also provide evidence for an association between degree of myelination of prefrontal fibre pathways and encoding efficiency. Finally, DTI-derived measurements appear to reflect disease progression in MS. The results are discussed in light of functional MRI studies investigating compensatory brain activity during cognitive processing in MS.

Verbal Recall After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Sensitivity of the Rapid Screen of Concussion

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karleigh Jayne Kwapil ◽  
Gina Geffen ◽  
Ken McFarland ◽  
Veronica Eileen DeMonte
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Learning Test

AbstractThe present study aimed to determine whether including a sensitive test of immediate and delayed recall would improve the diagnostic validity of the Rapid Screen of Concussion (RSC) in mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) versus orthopaedic clinical samples. Two studies were undertaken. In Study 1, the performance of 156 mTBI and 145 orthopaedic participants was analysed to identify the number of individuals who performed at ceiling on the verbal memory subtest of the RSC, as this test required immediate and delayed recall of only five words. A second aim was to determine the sensitivity and specificity levels of the RSC. Study 2 aimed to examine whether replacement of the verbal memory subtest with the 12-word Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) could improve the sensitivity of the RSC in a new sample of 26 mTBI and 30 orthopaedic participants. Both studies showed that orthopaedic participants outperformed mTBI participants on each of the selected measures. Study 1 showed that 14% of mTBI participants performed at ceiling on the immediate and 21.2% on delayed recall test. Performance on the original battery yielded a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 80% and overall correct classification of 81.5% participants. In Study 2, inclusion of the HVLT improved sensitivity to a level of 88.5%, decreased specificity to a level of 70% and resulted in an overall classification rate of 80%. It was concluded that although inclusion of the five-word subtest in the RSC can successfully distinguish concussed from non-concussed individuals, use of the HVLT in this protocol yields a more sensitive measure of subtle cognitive deficits following mTBI.

scholarly journals Remote assessment of verbal memory in MS patients using the California Verbal Learning Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa F Barcellos ◽  
Kalliope H Bellesis ◽  
Ling Shen ◽  
Xiaorong Shao ◽  
Terrence Chinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Remote Assessment ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Learning Test

We used the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II), one component of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS), to determine feasibility of a remote assessment protocol. We compared telephone-administered CVLT-II data from MS patients to data acquired in person from an independent sample of patients and healthy controls. Mixed factor analyses of variance (ANOVAs) showed no significant differences between patient groups, but between-group effects comparing patients and healthy controls were significant. In this study, CVLT-II assessment by conventional in-person and remote telephone assessment yielded indistinguishable results. The findings indicate that telephone-administered CVLT-II is feasible. Further validation studies are underway.

scholarly journals A-182 Convergent and Divergent Validity of the ChAMP with the CVLT-C and RCFT in Children with Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-977
Author(s):  
David C ◽  
Brooks B ◽  
Macallister W
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Complex Figure ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Figure Test

Abstract Objective As new measures of memory become available, clinicians may be cautious to adopt them without evidence supporting their validity. The present study assesses the convergent and divergent validity of the Child and Adolescent Memory Profile (ChAMP), with the California Verbal Learning Test Children’s (CVLT-C) and the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) in children with epilepsy. Method Twenty four clinically referred children (16 female, 8 male, - age = 12.37 years, SD = 2.68) completed the ChAMP, CVLT-C, and RCFT. Pearson correlations assessed the ChAMP’s convergent and divergent validity with the CVLT-C and the RCFT. Base rate of impairment was calculated for scores ≤2nd percentile. Results The ChAMP verbal tasks demonstrated strong relations with CVLT-C (lists; r = 0.678 p = < .001, instructions; r = 0.724 p = < .001 with CVLT-C learning trials and ChAMP lists free recall with CVLT-C long delay r = 0.580 p = .003). The ChAMP visual tasks correlated strongly with the RCFT delay (objects; r = 0.570 p = .004, places; r = 0.619 p = .001, Visual Memory Index; r = 0.657 p = < .001). However, divergent validity was limited as ChAMP Verbal Memory Index correlated with RCFT delay (r = 0.550 p = .005) and ChAMP Visual Memory Index with CVLT-C delay (r = 0.606 p = .002). Eight percent were deemed impaired on ChAMP lists delay similar to the CVLT-C delay (13%), however, ChAMP places delay identified 21% impaired, compared to the RCFT delay (42%). Conclusions ChAMP scores are strongly correlated with older established measures, but identify fewer cases as clinically impaired. This may reflect the more contemporary normative data or the fact that ChAMP tasks are less multifactorial in nature than are the CVLT-C and RCFT.

Identification of Subtle Verbal Memory Deficits in Premanifest Huntington Disease Using the California Verbal Learning Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Holden ◽  
Savanna M. Tierney ◽  
Lisa V. Graves ◽  
Ilex Beltran-Najera ◽  
Steven Paul Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Huntington Disease ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Learning Test

Memantine for cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Lovera ◽  
E. Frohman ◽  
TR Brown ◽  
D. Bandari ◽  
L. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Free Recall ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Self Report ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Learning Test

Background: Memantine, an NMDA antagonist, is effective for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease. Objective: Determine whether memantine improves cognitive performance (CP) among subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS) and cognitive impairment (CI). Methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00300716) compared memantine 10 mg twice a day (4 week titration followed by 12 weeks on the highest tolerated dose) with placebo. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to exit on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) and the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II) Long Delay Free Recall (LDFR). Secondary outcomes included additional neuropsychological tests; self-report measures of quality of life, fatigue, and depression; and family/caregiver reports of subjects’ CI and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Results: The differences between the groups on the change on the PASAT (placebo—memantine = 0.0 correct responses, 95% CI 3.4, 3.4; p = 0.9) and on CVLT-II LDFR (placebo—memantine =—0.6 words, 95% CI —2.1, 0.8; p = 0.4) as well as on the other cognitive tests were not significant. Subjects on memantine had no serious adverse events (AEs) but had more fatigue and neurological AEs as well as, per family members’ reports, less cognitive improvement and greater neuropsychiatric symptoms than subjects on placebo. Conclusion: Memantine 10 mg twice a day does not improve CP in subjects with MS, ages 18—65, without major depression, who have subjective cognitive complaints and perform worse than one SD below the mean on the PASAT or on the California Verbal Learning Test-II (total recall or delayed free recall).

Cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis correlate with changes in fronto-subcortical tracts

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roca ◽  
T. Torralva ◽  
F. Meli ◽  
M. Fiol ◽  
ML Calcagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Disease ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Serial Addition

Cognitive function and diffusion tensor imaging were assessed in a group of 12 patients with early relapsing—remitting multiple sclerosis (disease duration ≤3 years), and mild clinical disability (expanded disability status scale ≤2), as well as in 12 control subjects. Patients showed impairment in immediate logical memory and delayed recall with the Rey auditory verbal learning test. No significant differences in classical executive tests were observed. In contrast, differences were found for specific executive tests including IOWA Gambling Task, multiple errands test hospital version (MET) and Hotel Task, as well as in Paced-Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). Significant correlation was found between PASAT performance and FA measures ( r = 0.64, P = 0.03), the apparent diffusion coefficients and the MET ( r = 0.72, P = 0.01), as well as in one subtask of Hotel ( r = -0.68, P = 0.02). Thus, executive deficits can best be appreciated at early stages of MS when a more specific battery of tests is used for patient evaluation. In this series, test failures observed correlated with changes in fronto-subcortical fiber tracts. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 364—369. http://msj.sagepub.com

Proactive inhibition and semantic organization Relationship with verbal memory in patients with schizophrenia

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Kareken ◽  
Paul J. Moberg ◽  
Ruben C. Gur
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Proactive Inhibition ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Retroactive Inhibition ◽  
Intrusion Errors ◽  
Learning Test

AbstractCompared to other cognitive functions in schizophrenia, evidence suggests that verbal memory is particularly impaired. This study used the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) to examine proactive inhibition (PI) and semantic processing in verbal memory in 29 patients with schizophrenia and 29 healthy controls. Patients showed significantly less PI, but also did not organize (cluster) their recall according to semantic category. Controls and patients demonstrated small retroactive inhibition (RI) effects regardless of semantic content. Although both groups made similar types and numbers of free recall intrusion errors, patients committed more phonemic and nonshared recognition errors. Results suggest that reduced semantic processing prevented build of PI, and contributes to defective memory in schizophrenia. The anatomic-physiologic abnormalities that underlie these findings may be particularly pronounced in prefrontal and temporal-parietal cortical areas. (JINS, 1996, 2, 486–493.)

scholarly journals Refined Measurement of Verbal Learning and Memory: Application of Item Response Theory to California Verbal Learning Test – Second Edition (CVLT-II) Learning Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrani Thiruselvam ◽  
James B Hoelzle
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Memory Ability ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Learning Trials

Abstract Objective This study was conducted to investigate how items contained within the California Verbal Learning Test – Second Edition (CVLT-II; Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). California Verbal Learning Test (2nd ed.). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation) learning trials function and to evaluate whether weighted scoring approaches might improve quantification of verbal memory. Method Archival data from 577 individuals (338 healthy young adults, 239 medical or psychiatric patients referred to a neuropsychology clinic) were obtained and evaluated using item response theory. Results The serial position effect was evident across trials, but was most evident in Trials 1, 2, and 3. CVLT-II Trial 5 was the most effective among the five learning trials in quantifying verbal memory, although it was most effective when measuring lower memory ability levels. In contrast, CVLT-II Trial 1 items had, on average, the highest difficulty levels. Various weighted scoring approaches did not appear incrementally helpful in improving prediction of memory performance. Conclusion Specific items and trials differentially discriminate between examinees with low levels of memory ability; it is important to thoroughly evaluate item properties of tests used in clinical decision-making.

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