Cognitive impairment differs between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 1850-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyun Kim ◽  
Kichang Kwak ◽  
In Hye Jeong ◽  
Jae-Won Hyun ◽  
Hyo-Jin Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Memory Tests

Objective: To compare the frequency and pattern of cognitive impairment (CI) between patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: A total of 82 NMOSD patients, 58 MS patients, and 45 healthy controls (HCs) underwent a neuropsychological assessment. Results: CI was observed in 29% of NMOSD and 50% of MS patients ( p < 0.001); CI was considered present if a patient scored lower than the fifth percentile compared with HCs in at least three domains. A lower frequency of CI was consistently found when CI was indicated by at least two failed tests ( p < 0.001). MS patients performed worse than did NMOSD patients on verbal learning and verbal and visual memory tests. Levels of education and depression and the interval from disease onset to treatment were associated with a negative influence on cognition in patients with NMOSD. Conclusion: CI in patients with NMOSD may be not as common as in patients with MS. MS patients exhibited severe impairment, particularly on learning and memory tests, compared with NMOSD patients. Differential prevalence and patterns of CI between NMOSD and MS patients suggest that the two diseases have different mechanisms of brain injury.

scholarly journals A comparison of cognitive performances between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis patients in Indian context

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Kumar ◽  
Goutam Gangopadhyay ◽  
Atanu Biswas ◽  
Souvik Dubey ◽  
Alak Pandit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Information Processing Speed

Abstract Background To compare the frequency and pattern of cognitive impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Results Twenty NMOSD and forty MS patients were included. Clinical and detailed neuropsychological assessment was done using frontal assessment battery and Kolkata cognitive battery supplemented with additional standard tests for different domains of cognitive functions. Domain wise tests were performed and compared. 15/20 (75%) NMOSD and 32/40 (80%) MS patients had cognitive impairment (p = 0.65). Executive function, verbal fluency, information processing speed, visuo-constructional ability, attention, complex calculation, and memory were more commonly involved in NMOSD in decreasing order. Compared to MS, the pattern was similar except that verbal fluency was more impaired in NMOSD. Expanded Disability Status scale (EDSS) correlated with cognitive involvement in NMOSD (p = 0.02) as against MS. Conclusions Executive function, verbal fluencies, and information processing speed were more affected compared to visual and verbal memory in NMOSD patients. The pattern of cognitive performance was similar in the MS group, even though clinical and radiological characteristics and pathophysiology is different, suggesting similar brain involvement.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 102886
Author(s):  
Ricardo Alonso ◽  
Berenice Silva ◽  
Orlando Garcea ◽  
Patricio E. Correa Diaz ◽  
Giordani Rodrigues dos Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

A nationwide epidemiological study on the prevalence of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with important multi-ethnic differences in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1452-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanthi Viswanathan ◽  
Lee Mei Wah
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Crude Prevalence

Objectives: This study looked at observed crude prevalence/incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in Malaysia and identified any inter-ethnic differences for MS/NMOSD. Methods: This was a nationwide tertiary hospital–based retrospective cross-sectional study using the capture–recapture method. It looked at the estimated crude prevalence of confirmed MS and NMOSD and annual incidence on 29 December 2017. Recapture of data was done between February and March 2018 on 1 March 2018. Public and referring private institutions were accessed. Results: The survey identified 767 MS and 545 NMOSD subjects, with crude prevalence rates of 2.73 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.53; 2.92 per 100,000 population) and 1.94 per 100,000 (95% CI: 1.77; 2.10 per 100,000 population) with observed crude annual incidence of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.43; 0.58) for MS and 0.39 per 100,000 (95% CI: 0.35; 0.47) for NMOSD. The MS:NMOSD ratios were 1.4:1.0. The capture–recapture method revealed 913 MS (95% CI: 910; 915.9) and 580 (95% CI: 578.8; 581.2) NMOSD with prevalence per 100,000 of 3.26 (95% CI: 3.05; 3.47) and 2.07 (95% CI: 1.90; 2.24), respectively. In the MS group, 59.4% were Malay, 16.6% Chinese, 20.5% Indian, and 3.5% were from indigenous groups. In the NMOSD group, 47.3% were Malay, 46.9% Chinese, 3.5% Indian, and 2.3% were from other indigenous groups. The ratio of NMOSD to MS among the Chinese was 2:1, but the ratio of MS to NMOSD among the Malays was 1.8:1, and that in Indians was 8.3:1. Conclusion: There is a modest increase in the prevalence of MS and NMOSD in Malaysia with inter-ethnic differences for MS/NMOSD.

Treatment options in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulus Rommer ◽  
Uwe K Zettl
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

: There are few diseases with as many therapeutic advances in recent years as in multiple sclerosis. Nine different drug classes with more than a dozen approved therapies are now available. Similarly, there have been unimaginable advances in understanding neuromyelitis optica (now neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder [NMOSD]) over the past 15 years. Building on the knowledge gained, the first therapies have been approved in recent years. In this review, we aim to present all therapies approved for the treatment of MS or NMOSD. The different forms of application, different approval criteria and most important side effects will be presented. This work is intended for physicians who are interested in MS and NMOSD therapies and want to get a first overview and does not replace the respective guidelines of the regulatory authorities.

scholarly journals Difference in fatigue and pain between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0224419
Author(s):  
Hiroki Masuda ◽  
Masahiro Mori ◽  
Akiyuki Uzawa ◽  
Tomohiko Uchida ◽  
Ryohei Ohtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
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