This chapter discusses novel pharmacological and cognitive approaches in the treatment of anxiety disorders. In particular, evidence is reviewed for glucocorticoids, yohimbine chloride, and D-cycloserine (DCS) as pharmacological adjuncts that augment fear extinction processes in psychotherapy, as well as cognitive bias modification (CBM) programs designed to remediate biased cognitive processes. These treatment approaches aim to capitalize on the cognitive, neurobiological, and behavioral mechanisms that underlie anxiety disorders. Novel technological approaches that aim to enhance access to anxiety treatment are also reviewed, specifically in reference to internet- and computer-based psychotherapy (ICT). Along with their proposed mechanisms of action, empirical evidence for their efficacy, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness are explored, as well as directions for future research.