Attributions of responsibility and punishment for ingroup and outgroup members: The role of just world beliefs

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Halabi ◽  
Yael Statman ◽  
John F. Dovidio
Keyword(s):  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Attributions Of Responsibility

scholarly journals Victim Blaming and Exoneration of the Perpetrator in Domestic Violence: The Role of Beliefs in a Just World and Ambivalent Sexism

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Valor-Segura ◽  
Francisca Expósito ◽  
Miguel Moya
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Ambivalent Sexism ◽  
Hostile Sexism ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Male Friend

The existence of domestic violence is closely linked to several ideological factors that include sexism and other beliefs about society in general, namely the belief in a just world. In this study, which involved 485 people of both sexes aged between 18 and 70 years, we analyzed the influence of these ideological variables of the perceivers and characteristics of the situation on judgments of a gender aggression – blaming the victim and exonerating the perpetrator. Results showed differences in the reactions of observers depending on the cause that triggered the aggression. Participants blamed the victim and exonerated the aggressor more when no cause of the aggression was mentioned than when a cause was mentioned (the woman wanted to separate, to see an old male friend, or simply to take a trip with her female friends). We also found clear effects of hostile sexism and just world beliefs on the dependent variables. Results showed that the influence of just world beliefs depended on the fact of mention or not a cause for the aggression.

scholarly journals Belief in free will and victim blaming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Genschow ◽  
Benjamin Vehlow
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Criminal Offenders ◽  
Religious Worldviews

The more people believe in free will, the harsher their punishment of criminal offenders. A reason for this finding is that belief in free will leads individuals to perceive others as responsible for their behavior. While research supporting this notion has mainly focused on criminal offenders, the perspective of the victims has been neglected so far. We filled this gap and hypothesized that individuals’ belief in free will is positively correlated with victim blaming—the tendency to make victims responsible for their bad luck. In three studies, we found that the more individuals believe in free will, the more they blame victims. Study 3 revealed that belief in free will is correlated with victim blaming even when controlling for just world beliefs, religious worldviews, and political ideology. The results contribute to a more differentiated view of the role of free will beliefs and attributed intentions.

Demographic Correlates of Just World and Unjust Beliefs in an Austrian Sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 989-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Viren Swami ◽  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Stefan Stieger
Keyword(s):  
Population Sample ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Older Males

320 Viennese adult participants (47.5% female) in a population sample completed two questionnaires measuring just world beliefs that were scored separately for just and unjust world beliefs. The study aimed to investigate the role of sex and age, as well as religious and political beliefs on just and unjust world beliefs. Older males who identified with a more left-wing political orientation tended to have lower scores on just world beliefs on Rubin and Peplau's scale, while better educated people tended to score lower on the unjust world subscale on both scales, although both predictors explained less than 6% of the variance in scores.

scholarly journals Just world beliefs, personal success and beliefs in conspiracy theories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Composite Measure ◽  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
The World ◽  
Personal Ideology ◽  
Personal Success

AbstractDo those who believe in conspiracy theories feel less happy and healthy than others? Do they believe the world is simply unjust? This study was concerned with how demographic factors, personal ratings of success, personal ideology (political and religious beliefs) and Just World Beliefs are related to Conspiracy Theories. In total, 406 participants completed two questionnaires: Just World scale (Rubin & Peplau, 1975) and Conspiracy Theories Inventory (Swami et al., 2010) and provided various personal details. The Just World Scale yielded two scores: Just and Unjust beliefs. Participants also reported on their health, happiness and success and a reliable composite measure of well-being was computed. A regression showed younger males, with Unjust World beliefs and politically right-wing views, were more likely to endorse Conspiracy Theories. The discussion revolved around explaining individual differences in accepting these theories. Implications and limitations are discussed.

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