Two-point radiation statistics from large-scale turbulent structures within supersonic jets

2021 ◽  
pp. 1475472X2110054
Author(s):  
Jianhui Cheng ◽  
James D Goldschmidt ◽  
Weiqi Shen ◽  
Lawrence Ukeiley ◽  
Steven AE Miller
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Supersonic Jet ◽  
Jet Flows ◽  
Turbulent Structures ◽  
Instability Waves ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Instability Theory ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Noise Statistics ◽  
Heated Condition

The noise from large-scale coherent turbulent structures within jets remains the dominant source. For the purpose of developing future control systems for the large-scale noise source, we investigate the statistics between upstream and downstream radiating waves. We investigate two off-design supersonic jet flows with instability theory and associated noise radiation, large-eddy simulation (LES), and experiments. We compare the auto-correlation, cross-correlation, coherence, and other statistics predicted by aeroacoustic instability theory. As instability waves are closely connected with the formation of large-scale turbulent structures, they yield insight into large-scale noise statistics. We investigate two nozzles at two supersonic off-design conditions. The first is a biconic nozzle operating at an unheated condition, and the second is a NASA nozzle operating at a heated condition. We find that for these jets, the noise from instability waves is coherent between 0.40 to 0.70 at large-scale radiation frequencies between the downstream and upstream radiation directions.

Crackle Noise in Heated Supersonic Jets

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Nichols ◽  
Sanjiva K. Lele ◽  
Frank E. Ham ◽  
Steve Martens ◽  
John T. Spyropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Supersonic Jet ◽  
Supersonic Jets ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Total Temperature ◽  
Large Scale Flow ◽  
Large Eddies

Crackle noise from heated supersonic jets is characterized by the presence of strong positive pressure impulses resulting in a strongly skewed far-field pressure signal. These strong positive pressure impulses are associated with N-shaped waveforms involving a shocklike compression and, thus, is very annoying to observers when it occurs. Unlike broadband shock-associated noise which dominates at upstream angles, crackle reaches a maximum at downstream angles associated with the peak jet noise directivity. Recent experiments (Martens et al., 2011, “The Effect of Chevrons on Crackle—Engine and Scale Model Results,” Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo, Paper No. GT2011-46417) have shown that the addition of chevrons to the nozzle lip can significantly reduce crackle, especially in full-scale high-power tests. Because of these observations, it was conjectured that crackle is associated with coherent large scale flow structures produced by the baseline nozzle and that the formation of these structures are interrupted by the presence of the chevrons, which leads to noise reduction. In particular, shocklets attached to large eddies are postulated as a possible aerodynamic mechanism for the formation of crackle. In this paper, we test this hypothesis through a high-fidelity large-eddy simulation (LES) of a hot supersonic jet of Mach number 1.56 and a total temperature ratio of 3.65. We use the LES solver CHARLES developed by Cascade Technologies, Inc., to capture the turbulent jet plume on fully-unstructured meshes.

Numerical Investigation of 3-D Supersonic Jet Flows Using Large-Eddy Simulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 783-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-C. Lo ◽  
K. M. Aikens ◽  
G. A. Blaisdell ◽  
A. S. Lyrintzis
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Supersonic Jet ◽  
Jet Flows ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy

Validation of a High-Order Large Eddy Simulation Solver for Acoustic Prediction of Supersonic Jet Flow

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950023
Author(s):  
Weiqi Shen ◽  
Steven A. E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Acoustic Radiation ◽  
Supersonic Jet ◽  
High Order ◽  
High Order Accuracy ◽  
Order Of Accuracy ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Mixing Noise

A high-order large eddy simulation (LES) code based on the flux reconstruction (FR) scheme is further developed for supersonic jet simulation. The FR scheme provides an efficient and easy-to-implement way to achieve high-order accuracy on an unstructured mesh. The order of accuracy and the shock capturing capability of the solver are validated with the isentropic Euler vortex and Sod’s shock tube problem. A heated under-expanded supersonic jet case from NASA’s Small Hot Jet Acoustic Rig (SHJAR) database is used for validation. The turbulence statistics along the nozzle centerline and lip-line are examined. We predict the acoustic radiation with the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings method, which is integrated with our solver. The far-field acoustic predictions show reasonable agreement with the experimental measurement in the upstream and downstream directions, where the shock-associated noise and the large-scale turbulent mixing noise are dominant, respectively.

Large Eddy Simulation and Aeroacoustics of Supersonic Jet Flows

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos JUNQUEIRA-JUNIOR ◽  
Sami YAMOUNI ◽  
João Luiz F. Azevedo ◽  
William R. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Supersonic Jet ◽  
Jet Flows ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy

scholarly journals LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION OF NOISE GENERATED BY PULSED SUPERSONIC JETS

Akustika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Pavel Chernyshov ◽  
Vladislav Emelyanov ◽  
Aleksey Tsvetkov ◽  
Konstantin Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Supersonic Jet ◽  
Supersonic Jets ◽  
Jet Flows ◽  
Noise Generation ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Jet Streams ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy

Development of models and methods of modelling and simulation of the mechanisms of noise generation in jet streams plays an important role in various engineering applications due to strict requirements for noise produced by different industrial devices as well as the possibilities of using sound in technological processes. The computational tools of numerical simulation of gas dynamics and aeroacoustics processes in supersonic jet flows are considered, and noise sources and noise generation mechanisms in supersonic jets are discussed. The approach to numerical simulation is based on large-eddy simulation technique allowing to resolve eddy structures in the flowfield and to predict noise generation more accurately compared to the existing tools. The results obtained show the structure of under- and over-expanded supersonic jets and could be used to calculate sources of noise in supersonic flows.

Crackle Noise in Heated Supersonic Jets

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Nichols ◽  
Sanjiva K. Lele ◽  
Frank E. Ham ◽  
Steve Martens ◽  
John T. Spyropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Supersonic Jet ◽  
Jet Noise ◽  
Supersonic Jets ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Total Temperature ◽  
Large Scale Flow ◽  
Large Eddies

Crackle noise from heated supersonic jets is characterized by the presence of strong positive pressure impulses resulting in a strongly skewed far-field pressure signal. These strong positive pressure impulses are associated with “N-shaped” waveforms involving a shock-like compression, and thus is very annoying to observers when it occurs. Unlike broadband shock-associated noise which dominates at upstream angles, crackle reaches a maximum at downstream angles associated with the peak jet noise directivity. Recent experiments [1] have shown that the addition of chevrons to the nozzle lip can significantly reduce crackle, especially in full-scale high-power tests. Because of these observations, it was conjectured that crackle is associated with coherent large scale flow structures produced by the baseline nozzle, and that the formation of these structures are interrupted by the presence of the chevrons, which leads to noise reduction. In particular, shocklets attached to large eddies are postulated as a possible aerodynamic mechanism for the formation of crackle. In this paper, we test this hypothesis through high-fidelity Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) of a hot supersonic jet of Mach number 1.56 and total temperature temperature ratio of 3.65. We use the LES solver “CharLES,” developed by Cascade Technologies, Inc., to capture the turbulent jet plume on fully-unstructured meshes.

scholarly journals Study of a Premixed Turbulent Counter-Flow Flame with a Large Eddy Simulation Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gong ◽  
W. P. Jones ◽  
A. J. Marquis
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Turbulent Flames ◽  
Turbulent Structures ◽  
Counter Flow ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Predicted Probability ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Flame Region

AbstractThe turbulent counter-flow flame (TCF) has proven to be a useful benchmark to study turbulence-chemistry interactions, however, the widely observed bulk flow fluctuations and their influence on the flame stability remain unclear. In the present work, premixed TCFs are studied numerically using a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method. A transported probability density function (pdf) approach is adopted to simulate the sub-grid scale (sgs) turbulence-chemistry interactions. A solution to the joint sgs-pdf evolution equation for each of the relative scalars is obtained by the stochastic fields method. The chemistry is represented using a simplified chemical reaction mechanism containing 15 reaction steps and 19 species. This work compares results with two meshing strategies, with the domain inside nozzles included and excluded respectively. A conditional statistical approach is applied to filter out the large scale motions of the flame. With the use of digital turbulence, the velocity field in the flame region is well reproduced. The processes of local extinction and re-ignition are successfully captured and analysed together with the strain rate field, and local extinctions are found correlated to the turbulent structures in the reactant stream. The predicted probability of localised extinction is in good agreement with the measurements, and the influence of flame stoichiometry are also successfully reproduced. Overall, the current results serve to demonstrate the capability of the LES-pdf method in the study of the premixed opposed jet turbulent flames.

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