scholarly journals A Kinematic and Electromyographic Analysis of Turning in People With Parkinson Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Hong ◽  
Joel S. Perlmutter ◽  
Gammon M. Earhart
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Electromyographic Analysis ◽  
New Treatments

Background. Parkinson disease frequently causes difficulty turning that can lead to falls, loss of independence, and diminished quality of life. Turning in tight spaces, which may be particularly impaired in Parkinson disease, is an essential part of our daily lives, yet a comprehensive analysis of in-place turning has not been published. Objective. This study was conducted to determine whether there are objective differences in turning between people with Parkinson disease and unimpaired people. Methods. In-place turning with kinematics and electromyographic measures was characterized in 11 participants with Parkinson disease and 12 healthy people. Kinematic data were recorded using a 3-dimensional motion capture system in synchrony with electromyographic data from lower extremity muscles as participants turned 180°. Those with Parkinson disease were tested after overnight withdrawal of medication. Results. Both groups used 2 distinct turning strategies. In one, the foot ipsilateral to the turning direction initiated the turn; in the other, the foot contralateral to the turning direction initiated the turn. Kinematic analysis demonstrated a craniocaudal sequence of turning in the unimpaired group, whereas those with Parkinson disease had a simultaneous onset of yaw rotation of the head, trunk, and pelvis. They also took a longer time and more steps to complete turns. Overall, lower extremity muscle activation patterns appeared similar between groups. Conclusion. Differences between the groups were noted for axial control, but lower extremity muscle patterns were similar. This work may provide the foundation for development of new treatments for turning difficulty in Parkinson disease.

scholarly journals The Effect of External Weight Distribution on Muscle Activation Pattern during Obstacle Negotiation for Male Participants

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Guofu Yi ◽  
Xinting Wang ◽  
Junxia Zhang ◽  
Shuai Hao ◽  
Boyi Hu
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
External Loading ◽  
Activation Pattern ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation Pattern ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Effects of different age groups and different external loading distribution on lower extremity muscle activation during obstacle crossing tasks were tested in this study. Four young participants and five healthy senior participants performed different walking tasks at their own speed carrying multiple different weights while their lower extremity muscle activation patterns were recorded and compared. Older adults showed significantly increased muscle activation patterns in obstacle negotiation. Furthermore, participants showed altered lower extremity muscle activation patterns with different load distribution.

Alterations in lower extremity movement and muscle activation patterns in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D Childs ◽  
Patrick J Sparto ◽  
G.Kelley Fitzgerald ◽  
Mario Bizzini ◽  
James J Irrgang
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns

Influence of Ankle Injury on Muscle Activation and Postural Control During Ballet Grand Plié

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wei Lin ◽  
Fong-Chin Su ◽  
Cheng-Feng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Temporal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns

Ballet deep squat with legs rotated externally (grand plié) is a fundamental movement for dancers. However, performing this task is a challenge to ankle control, particularly for those with ankle injury. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate how ankle sprains affect the ability of postural and muscular control during grand plié in ballet dancers. Thirteen injured dancers and 20 uninjured dancers performed a 15 second grand plié consisting of lowering, squatting, and rising phases. The lower extremity motion patterns and muscle activities, pelvic orientation, and center of pressure (COP) excursion were measured. In addition, a principal component analysis was applied to analyze waveforms of muscle activity in bilateral medial gastrocnemius, peroneus longus, and tibialis anterior. Our findings showed that the injured dancers had smaller pelvic motions and COP excursions, greater maximum angles of knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion as well as different temporal activation patterns of the medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior. These findings suggested that the injured dancers coped with postural challenges by changing lower extremity motions and temporal muscle activation patterns.

scholarly journals Training muscle activation patterns of the lower paretic extremity using directional exertion improves mobility in persons with hemiparesis: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bourbonnais ◽  
René Pelletier ◽  
Joëlle Azar ◽  
Camille Sille ◽  
Michel Goyette
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Static Force ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Controlled static exertion performed in the sagittal plane on a transducer attached to the foot requires coordinated moments of force of the lower extremity. Some exertions and plantarflexion recruit muscular activation patterns similar to synergies previously identified during gait. It is currently unknown if persons with hemiparesis following stroke demonstrate similar muscular patterns, and if force feedback training utilizing static exertion results in improved mobility in this population. Methods Electromyographic (EMG) activity of eight muscles of the lower limb were recorded using surface electrodes in healthy participants (n = 10) and in persons with hemiparesis (n = 8) during an exertion exercise (task) performed in eight directions in the sagittal plane of the foot and a plantarflexion exercise performed at 20 and 40% maximum voluntary effort (MVE). Muscle activation patterns identified during these exertion exercises were compared between groups and to synergies reported in the literature during healthy gait using cosine similarities (CS). Functional mobility was assessed in four participants with hemiparesis using GAITRite® and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test at each session before, during and after static force feedback training. Tau statistics were used to evaluate the effect on mobility before and after training. Measures of MVE and the accuracy of directional exertion were compared before and after training using ANOVAs. Spearman Rho correlations were also calculated between changes in these parameters and changes in mobility before and after the training. Results Muscle activation patterns during directional exertion and plantarflexion were similar for both groups of participants (CS varying from 0.845 to 0.977). Muscular patterns for some of the directional and plantarflexion were also similar to synergies recruited during gait (CS varying from 0.847 to 0.951). Directional exertion training in hemiparetic subjects resulted in improvement in MVE (p < 0.040) and task performance accuracy (p < 0.001). Hemiparetic subjects also demonstrated significant improvements in gait velocity (p < 0.032) and in the TUG test (p < 0.022) following training. Improvements in certain directional efforts were correlated with changes in gait velocity (p = 0.001). Conclusion Static force feedback training following stroke improves strength and coordination of the lower extremity while recruiting synergies reported during gait and is associated with improved mobility.

scholarly journals Trunk Muscle Activation Patterns During Standing Turns in Patients With Stroke: An Electromyographic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Pei-Jung Liang ◽  
Valeria Jia-Yi Chiu ◽  
Shu-Chun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Trunk Control ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Paretic Side ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Electromyographic Analysis

Recent evidence indicates that turning difficulty may correlate with trunk control; however, surface electromyography has not been used to explore trunk muscle activity during turning after stroke. This study investigated trunk muscle activation patterns during standing turns in healthy controls (HCs) and patients with stroke with turning difficulty (TD) and no TD (NTD). The participants with stroke were divided into two groups according to the 180° turning duration and number of steps to determine the presence of TD. The activation patterns of the bilateral external oblique and erector spinae muscles of all the participants were recorded during 90° standing turns. A total of 14 HCs, 14 patients with TD, and 14 patients with NTD were recruited. The duration and number of steps in the turning of the TD group were greater than those of the HCs, independent of the turning direction. However, the NTD group had a significantly longer turning duration than did the HC group only toward the paretic side. Their performance was similar when turning toward the non-paretic side; this result is consistent with electromyographic findings. Both TD and NTD groups demonstrated increased amplitudes of trunk muscles compared with the HC groups. Their trunk muscles failed to maintain consistent amplitudes during the entire movement of standing turns in the direction that they required more time or steps to turn toward (i.e., turning in either direction for the TD group and turning toward the paretic side for the NTD group). Patients with stroke had augmented activation of trunk muscles during turning. When patients with TD turned toward either direction and when patients with NTD turned toward the paretic side, the flexible adaptations and selective actions of trunk muscles observed in the HCs were absent. Such distinct activation patterns during turning may contribute to poor turning performance and elevate the risk of falling. Our findings provide insights into the contribution and importance of trunk muscles during turning and the association with TD after stroke. These findings may help guide the development of more effective rehabilitation therapies that target specific muscles for those with TD.

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