Book Review: Guidelines for the Use of Vitamin A in Emergency Relief Operations

AbstractHaving reliable telecommunication systems in the immediate aftermath of a catastrophic event makes a huge difference in the combined effort by local authorities, local fire and police departments, and rescue teams to save lives. This paper proposes a physical model that links base stations that are still operational with aerial platforms and then uses a machine learning framework to evolve ground-to-air propagation model for such an ad hoc network. Such a physical model is quick and easy to deploy and the underlying air-to-ground (ATG) propagation models are both resilient and scalable and may use a wide range of link budget, grade of service (GoS), and quality of service (QoS) parameters to optimise their performance and in turn the effectiveness of the physical model. The prediction results of a simulated deployment of such a physical model and the evolved propagation model in an ad hoc network offers much promise in restoring communication links during emergency relief operations.

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Book Review: Requirements of Vitamin A, Iron, Folate, and Vitamin B12

Food and Nutrition Bulletin ◽

10.1177/156482659001200206 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 1-2

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Folate And Vitamin B12

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The potential of a semi-decentralised bulk water treatment approach for emergency relief

Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development ◽

10.2166/washdev.2014.043 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 709-713 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Caetano C. Dorea ◽

Vincent Jalaber

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Treatment Approach ◽

Bulk Water ◽

Emergency Relief ◽

Humanitarian Emergencies ◽

Test Water ◽

Point Of Use ◽

Household Water ◽

Synthetic Test ◽

Relief Operations

Humanitarian water treatment interventions vary from package bulk ‘kits’ to household (point-of-use) options. Whereas the former can be perceived to be too complex to operate, the latter, whilst relatively simple and effective, has logistical requirements that may hinder its application during relief operations. This study evaluates the potential of a semi-decentralised water treatment approach for humanitarian emergencies. Its performance was evaluated against the relevant water quality treatment objectives (The Sphere Project) under controlled laboratory conditions using a synthetic test water. Results revealed that whilst the recommended minimum free chlorine residual levels were not attained (possibly due to high chlorine demand of test water), all other treatment objectives were within desired values, namely: <1 colony-forming unit (cfu)/100 mL with regards to thermotolerant (faecal) coliforms and <5 NTU (nephelometric turbidity units) for treated water turbidity. Given the performance of the semi-decentralised approach tested here, it could be expected to attain all treatment objectives when tested in natural surface waters. It has the potential to bridge the gap between centralised (i.e. bulk water treatment kits) and fully decentralised (i.e. household) water supply strategies.

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