scholarly journals Synthesis of nano-carbon by in-liquid plasma method and its application to a support material of Pt catalyst for fuel cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 184798041985315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Alsaeedi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Show
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nano Carbon ◽  
Exchange Membrane

One of the applications of nano-carbon is a support material of platinum (Pt) catalyst for fuel cells. In this study, the nano-carbon was successfully synthesized by in-liquid plasma in ethanol. The synthesized nano-carbon was characterized by the transmission electron microscope and the Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the nano-carbon was applied to a support material of Pt catalyst for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The formation of the Pt particles on the nano-carbon was also carried out using the in-liquid plasma. The formed Pt/nano-carbon worked as a catalyst of the fuel cell. The fuel cell, fabricated with the Pt/nano-carbon catalyst, generated the maximum output power of 580 mW.

scholarly journals Finite Time Thermodynamic Optimization of an Irreversible Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell for Vehicle Use

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changjie Li ◽  
Ye Liu ◽  
Bing Xu ◽  
Zheshu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Output Efficiency ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A finite time thermodynamic model of an irreversible proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for vehicle use was established considering the effects of polarization losses and leakage current. Effects of operating parameters, including operating temperature, operating pressure, proton exchange membrane water content, and proton exchange membrane thickness, on the optimal performance of the irreversible PEMFC are numerically studied in detail. When the operating temperature of the PEMFC increases, the optimal performances of PEMFC including output power density, output efficiency, ecological objective function, and ecological coefficient of performance, will be improved. Among them, the optimal ecological objective function increased by 81%. The proton film thickness has little effect on the output efficiency and the ecological of coefficient performance. The maximum output power density increased by 58% as the water content of the proton exchange membrane increased from 50% to the saturation point. The maximum output power density increases with the operating pressure.

CFD Investigation of a PEMFC Stack Assembly

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Anderson ◽  
Andrew Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Software Module ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Voltage Performance ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Abstract In this study 3-D CFD modeling of a cylindrical stack Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is provided. The H2O-O2 PEMFC uses a 10.8 mm2 area membrane and Platinum (Pt) catalyst. The paper presents the methodology for the PEMFC commercial software module, the set-up of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) geometry, mesh and boundary conditions. Results for the current-voltage performance curves and 3-D contour plots of the fluid, heat and species concentrations within the PEMFC are given. Results are presented for a low-temperature fuel cell using NAFION membrane and a high-temperature fuel cell using BZY membrane.

Combinatorial Catalysis Survey concerning Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Technology – As a Part of “MATERIOMICS” –

2003 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Yamada ◽  
Atsushi Ueda ◽  
Hiroshi Shioyama ◽  
Thomas Mathew ◽  
Tsutomu Ioroi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Steam Reforming Of Methanol ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Exchange Membrane

ABSTRACTOur efforts to combine the combinatorial technology and microstructure analysis to develop catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology have been described. This offers the realization of “materiomics” in comprehensive material research. Catalyst technologies are indispensable for wide use of PEMFC, which are regarded as the low emission and highly efficient energy conversion device for the next generation. We have applied the combinatorial method for the hydrogen production and/or purification of catalysts, and anode catalyst investigations. The catalyst library consisting of precious metals loaded on various metal oxides was tested for water gas shift reaction and steam reforming of methanol and/or DME. Various metal oxides added to platinum loaded on carbon were screened for anode catalysts. The microstructure of each catalyst was analyzed by employing scanning electron and/or transmission electron microscopy. This paper mainly describes the catalysis screening results of above reactions that form a part of “materiomics”.

Enhancing the Efficiency of a PEM Hydrogen Fuel Cell with Synthesized Metal-Nanoparticle/Graphene Composites Synergy

2014 ◽  
Vol 1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Isseroff ◽  
Benjamin Akhavan ◽  
Cheng Pan ◽  
Harry Shan He ◽  
Jonathan Sokolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell Efficiency ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Exchange Membrane

ABSTRACTObstructing commercialization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) is the soaring cost of platinum and other catalysts used to increase membrane efficiency. The goal of this investigation is to find a relatively inexpensive catalyst for coating the membrane and enhancing the efficiency of the PEMFC. Graphene oxide was reduced using NaBH4 in the presence of metal salts, primarily KAuCl4 and K2PtCl4, to synthesize metal-nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide (RGO). FTIR indicated the successful synthesis of RGO, while Transmission Electron Microscopy displayed the presence of nanoparticles on RGO sheets. Nafion® membranes were coated with metal-nanoparticle/RGO and tested in an experimental PEMFC alongside bare Nafion®, Gold (Au) nanoparticles, and RGO. The metal-nanoparticle/RGO composites enhanced the PEMFC compared to bare Nafion®. Au-RGO, the best catalyst composite, increased the efficiency up to 150% better than nanoparticles or RGO alone while using only 1% of the concentration of Au nanoparticles. Theoretical power output of the Au-RGO synergy could increase fuel cell efficiency up to 18 times more than the Au-nanoparticles themselves by altering concentrations of Au nanoparticles in Au-RGO. The Au nanoparticles changed the structure and catalytic ability of graphene in the Au-RGO, offering a promising future for PEM fuel cell technology.

Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using Pt/MWNT–Pt/C Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Leela Mohana Reddy ◽  
M. M. Shaijumon ◽  
N. Rajalakshmi ◽  
S. Ramaprabhu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have been synthesized by the pyrolysis of acetylene using hydrogen decrepitated Mischmetal based AB3 alloy hydride catalyst. Structural, morphological, and vibrational characterizations have been carried out using X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. Pt-supported MWNTs (Pt/MWNTs) have been prepared by chemical reduction method using functionalized MWNTs. Composites of Pt/MWNTs and Pt/C in different weight proportions have been used as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and the performance on the accessibility of Pt electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in PEMFC has been systematically studied. The cyclic voltammetric studies of the electrodes have been performed in order to understand the factors influencing the elecetrocatalytic activity and fuel cell performance and the results have been discussed.

scholarly journals Polyaniline Based Pt-Electrocatalyst for a Proton Exchanged Membrane Fuel Cell

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yao Huang ◽  
Mei-Ying Chang ◽  
Yen-Zen Wang ◽  
Yu-Chang Huang ◽  
Ko-Shan Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Emeraldine Base ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Typical Type ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Calcination reduction reaction is used to prepare Pt/EB (emeraldine base)-XC72 (Vulcan carbon black) composites as the cathode material of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The EB-XC72 core-shell composite obtained from directly polymerizing aniline on XC72 particles is able to chelate and capture the Pt-ions before calcination. X-ray diffraction spectra demonstrate Pt particles are successfully obtained on the EB-XC72 when the calcined temperature is higher than 600 °C. Micrographs of TEM and SEM illustrate the affluent, Pt nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on EB-XC72 at 800 °C (Pt/EB-XC72/800). More Pt is deposited on Pt/EB-XC72 composite as temperatures are higher than 600 °C. The Pt/EB-XC72/800 catalyst demonstrates typical type of a cyclic voltammograms (C-V) curve of a Pt-catalyst with clear Pt–H oxidation and Pt–O reduction peaks. The highest number of transferred electrons during ORR approaches 3.88 for Pt/EB-XC72/800. The maximum power density of the single cell based on Pt/EB-XC72/800 reaches 550 mW cm−2.

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