Dynamic Changes, Correlation of Basophils, and the Therapeutic Effect in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis During Allergen-specific Immunotherapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 194589242110270
Author(s):  
Meixu Huo ◽  
Susu Tang ◽  
Daihua Wang ◽  
Xiaoqing Liu ◽  
Qianxu Liu

Background The role of basophils in allergic rhinitis (AR) has been studied extensively; however, there are very few reports on changes in basophils after allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT). Objective To examine the changes and correlation of peripheral blood basophils and the therapeutic effect in patients with AR during allergen-SIT. Methods A total of 77 patients with AR who were allergic only to house dust mites received allergen-SIT. At 3 time points, patients underwent testing for the percentage and activation rate of basophils in peripheral blood, skin index (SI) measurement, visual analog scale (VAS) assessment, and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) evaluation. The results were compared to a control group with congenital preauricular fistula. Results (1) Before treatment, the percentage and activation rate of basophils in patients with AR were significantly higher than those in controls. There was no significant difference in the percentages and activation rates of basophils at the 3 time points. (2) The SIs, VAS, and RQLQ scores of the patients immediately after treatment and 2 years posttreatment decreased significantly compared to those before treatment; the SI, VAS, and RQLQ scores of the patients 2 years posttreatment increased significantly compared with those immediately after treatment. (3) There was no correlation between the patients’ basophil activation rate and percentage and the SI, VAS, and RQLQ scores at all time points. Conclusion The percentage and activation rate of basophils were higher in patients with AR than in controls. The values did not change significantly after allergen-SIT and showed no correlation with treatment effectiveness. Therefore, the frequency and activation rate of basophils cannot be used as criteria for assessing the effectiveness of allergen-SIT for house dust mites. Allergen-SIT is effective for the management of AR, but the effect declines after the completion of therapy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e40-e40
Author(s):  
Lala Allahverdiyeva ◽  
G E Agaragimova ◽  
Veronica Mugarab Samedi

Abstract Background Efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) in patients with asthma could be significantly enhanced when physicians have an opportunity to identify those who are most likely to respond, determine when to stop treatment, and predict relapse. Thus, molecular allergy diagnostic is an effective tool that could help to individualize the diagnosis and treatment of asthma by accurate detection of the causative and cross-reactive allergens in pediatric patients. Cytokines are known as reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for asthma and can be used to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Objectives To evaluate the roles of molecular allergy diagnostic and biomarkers (L-10, IFNγ и TGFβ) as predictors of ASIT efficacy in pediatric patients with asthma. Design/Methods Eighty children aged 5 to 18 years with mild and moderate atopic bronchial asthma were included in the study. Sixty-eight out of 80 (85%) were found to have sensitization to house dust mites Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides Farinae. All these patients underwent molecular diagnostics using ImmunoCAP (Phadia 100) to determine the major (r Der p1, r Der p 2) and minor allergens (r Der p10) of the house dust mites. Twenty-eight patients with mild and moderate asthma were found to have a high sensitivity to these allergens and received SLIT with a mixture of house dust mites (Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides Farinae). To compare the efficacy of SLIT, we evaluated the severity of asthma clinical symptoms on a point scale from 0 to 3, and biomarker levels (IL-10, IFNγ и TGFβ) before and 6 months after SLIT. Twelve healthy children were included in the study as a reference group. Results At the beginning of the study, the average daily score in the SLIT group of 2.5 ± 0.7, and after 6 months of treatment, it decreased to 0.5 ± 0.2. The levels of biomarkers were markedly decreased prior to the treatment, especially TGFβ levels, and normalized at the end of treatment (Tab.1). Conclusion These findings support the efficacy of molecular diagnosis to determine the efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy in patients with asthma.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Olga V. Trusova ◽  
Andrey V. Kamaev ◽  
Irina V. Makarova

Relevance. The insufficient effect of sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy (SLIT) is caused, first of all, by non-compliance with the treatment regimen and premature treatment termination. Purpose of the study. Determining the frequency of patient drop-out rate during SLIT with house dust mites (HDM) allergens in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) or AR in combination with bronchial asthma (BA), with an analysis of the drop-out reasons, and approbation of the developed visit-to-visit patient management plan (Plan). Materials and methods. We analyzed 274 cases of treatment with HDM SLIT in children. 218 patients: 67.4% (147) boys, median age 11.33 years [7.26; 15.46], the proportion of patients with BA 43.1% (94 children) received HDM SLIT in 20132020. 56 patients: 71.4% (40) boys, median age 9.29 years [6.13; 15.93], the proportion of patients with BA 78.6% (44 children) received treatment in accordance with the Plan. Results. A relatively low frequency of treatment withdrawal was noted in the first 2 years of therapy (2 years after the start of treatment, 72.47% patients continue it). However, only 52.29% complete 3 years of therapy, and 14.67% complete 4 years of therapy. Implementation of the Plan increased patient retention in treatment at the 3rd year of treatment to 69.64% (p=0.031). Conclusions. Only half of the patients receive the required three-year minimum of treatment. The daily plan optimizes the patient management schedule for HDM ASIT; reduces patient dropout from treatment and can be recommended for practical healthcare.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Olena Sharikadze

Sharikadze O.V.Background. This study determined the efficacy of sublingual allergen–specific immunotherapy (SLIT) in Ukrainian children younger than 5 years of age with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma sensitized to house dust mite allergens. Methods. A cohort prospective study was conducted over a two years period with assessment of the sensitization towards inhalant allergens, measured in-vivo by wheal size and number of positive reactions on the standard skin prick test (SPT). SPSS was used to analyse any statistical correlation. Results. A total of 125 atopic asthma or/and allergic rhinitis with the mean age of 4.11 ±0.83 who were sensitized to house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides farina were included. 47 children received two-years SLIT to treat house dust mite allergies using standardized extract of sublingual allergens containing a mixture of house dust mites (Der.  pteronyssinus and Der. farinae) in the correlation of 1(0,175 НЕР):1(0,175 НЕР) (Diater, Spain). These patients were mono-sensitized with Der. pteronyssinus and Der. farinae or were SPT poly-sensitized, but these patients only had house dust mite allergy symptoms. In this group the assessment of clinical efficacy of SLIT showed the significant differences in VAS before treatment and 6 months after its receiving. The symptom “nasal obstruction” was assessed as 2.3±-1.6 points  at the beginning of the therapy, and the data reduced almost twice (1.3±-1.1); Р <0,05 after 6  months of SLIT;  then (12 and 24 months) it decreased to 0.91±0.9 and 0.34±0.5; Р <0,01, correspondingly. Conclusion. This study has shown that using of SLIT in atopic asthma or/and allergic rhinitis children under 5 year sensitized to house dust mites is an effective and safe treatment method and allows to quickly (over the first 6 months of SLIT) control the symptoms. The data of comparative analysis in the group of patients who didn’t receive SLIT has pointed to high frequency of disease symptom occurrence after the end of baseline therapy.KeyWords: sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy, children, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, sensitization, allergens, Diater  ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЛІКУВАННЯ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ, СЕНСІБІЛІЗОВАНИХ ДО АЛЕРГЕНІВ ДОМАШНЬОГО ПИЛУШарикадзе О.В.Це дослідження визначило ефективність сублингвально алерген-специфічної імунотерапії (SLIT) українських дітей молодше 5 років з алергічним ринітом та бронхіальною астмою, сенсибілізованих до алергенів пилових кліщів. Методи. Проспективне дослідження когорти проводилося протягом двох років з оцінкою сенсибілізації до інгаляційних алергенів, виміряної in-vivo за розміром пухирів і кількості позитивних реакцій на стандартному тесті на шкірі (SPT). Для аналізу статистики використовувався пакет SPSS. Результати. Обстежено 125 дітей (середній вік 4,11 ± 0,83 років) з атопічною астмою та/або алергічним ринітом, які були сенсибілізовані до домашніх пилових кліщів Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus та/або Dermatophagoides farina. 47 дітей отримали дворічний курс SLIT з використанням стандартизованого екстракту сублінгвальних алергенів, що містять суміш кліщів домашнього пилу (Der. Pteronyssinus і Der. Farinae) в співвідношенні 1 (0,175 НЕР): 1 (0,175 НЕР) (Діатер, Іспанія). Пацієнти були моносенсібіровани Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus і / або Dermatophagoides farina або були полісенсібілізовані (за SPT), однак симптоми розвивалися тільки на домашній пил. У цій групі оцінка клінічної ефективності SLIT показала значні відмінності до лікування і через 6 місяців після його отримання. Симптом «носової обструкції» оцінювався як 2,3 ± 1,6 бала на початку терапії і зменшувалися майже в два рази (1,3 ± 1,1); Р <0,05 після 6 місяців SLIT. Потім (12 і 24 місяці) він знизився до 0,91 ± 0,9 і 0,34 ± 0,5; Р <0,01, відповідно. Висновок. Дослідження показало, що використання SLIT при атопічній астмі та/або алергічному риніті у дітей до 5 років, сенсибілізованих до домашніх пилових кліщів, є ефективним і безпечним методом лікування і дозволяє швидко (протягом перших 6 місяців SLIT) контролювати симптоми. Дані порівняльного аналізу в групі пацієнтів, які не отримували SLIT, вказують на високу частоту виникнення симптомів хвороби після закінчення базової терапії.Ключові слова: сублінгвальна алерген-специфічна імунотерапія, діти, бронхіальна астма, алергічний риніт, сенсибілізація, алергени, Діатер. ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА, СЕНСИБИЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ АЛЛЕРГЕНАМИ ДОМАШНЕЙ ПЫЛИШарикадзе Е.В.Это исследование определило эффективность сублингвальной аллерген-специфической иммунотерапии (SLIT) украинских детей моложе 5 лет с аллергическим ринитом и бронхиальной астмой, сенсибилизированных к аллергенам пылевых клещей. Методы. Проспективное исследование когорты проводилось в течение двух лет с оценкой сенсибилизации к ингаляционным аллергенам, измеренной in-vivo по размеру волдырей и количеству положительных реакций на стандартном тесте на коже (SPT). Для анализа статистики использовался пакет SPSS. Результаты. Обследованы 125 детей (средний возраст 4,11 ± 0,83 лет) с атопической астмой и/или аллергическим ринитом, которые были сенсибилизированы к домашним пылевым клещам Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus и/или Dermatophagoides farina. 47 детей получили двухлетний курс SLIT с использованием стандартизованного экстракта сублингвальных аллергенов, содержащих смесь клещей домашней пыли (Der. Pteronyssinus и Der. Farinae) в соотношении 1 (0,175 НЕР): 1 (0,175 НЕР) (Диатер, Испания). Пациенты были моносенсибированы Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus и/или Dermatophagoides farina или были полисенсибилизированы (по SPT), однако симптомы развивались только на домашнюю пыль. В этой группе оценка клинической эффективности SLIT показала значительные различия до лечения и через 6 месяцев после его получения. Симптом «носовой обструкции» оценивался как 2,3 ± -1,6 балла в начале терапии и уменьшались почти в два раза (1,3 ± -1,1); Р <0,05 после 6 месяцев SLIT. Затем (12 и 24 месяца) он снизился до 0,91 ± 0,9 и 0,34 ± 0,5; Р <0,01, соответственно. Вывод. Исследование показало, что использование SLIT при атопической астме или/или аллергическом рините детей до 5 лет, сенсибилизированных к домашним пылевым клещам, является эффективным и безопасным методом лечения и позволяет быстро (в течение первых 6 месяцев SLIT) контролировать симптомы. Данные сравнительного анализа в группе пациентов, которые не получали SLIT, указывают на высокую частоту появления симптомов болезни после окончания базовой терапии.Ключевые слова: сублингвальная аллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия, дети, бронхиальная астма, аллергический ринит, сенсибилизация, аллергены, Диатер.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Elena Sharikadze ◽  
Elena Okhotnikova ◽  
Serhii Yuriev

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of sublingual allergen–specific immunotherapy (SLIT) in Ukrainian children younger than 5 years old with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma sensitized to house dust mite allergens. Material and methods: Four hundred and fifty children aged 28 months up to 5 years with rhinitis or asthma were examined. One hundred and twenty five children sensitized to house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides farina were included. In vivo and in vitro tests were made with a standard inhalant allergens panel. Results: The high information value of molecular diagnostics methods applied prior to prescription of the given therapy in children is analyzed. It has been found that in children under 5 sensitized to allergens of house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides farinae the application of sublingual allergen–specific immunotherapy therapy allows gaining control over the symptoms of the disease during the first 6 months. Conclusion: The high safety of SLIT in children has been proven. Comparative analysis in the group of patients not receiving SLIT shows a high frequency of symptoms of the disease after “free-of-symptoms interval” against full or partial baseline therapy denial.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
Suri Dwi Lesmana ◽  
Harianto Harianto ◽  
Reyza Octarient

Allergy is still a health problem in Indonesia. One of the manifestations of allergies is allergic rhinitis. Many factors can trigger the recurrence of rhinitis, including exposure to house dust mites. This study aims to identify the population of house dust mites in the classrooms and student residences. This study was participated by 74 FK UNRI students with allergic rhinitis. The samples included dust collected from residences and classrooms consisting of four large classrooms, three small classrooms, four laboratories, two examination rooms, 12 skills lab rooms, and 15 tutorial rooms. Detection of dust was performed using the direct method. The results showed that no classroom (0%) was found with house dust mites. However, there were 37.8% of residences were positive. Based on the result, it can be concluded that the high population of house dust mites in the students’ residences becomes an essential factor as a chronic stressor for allergic rhinitis.


2021 ◽  
pp. 194589242110605
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Fabio Parisi ◽  
Sara Manti ◽  
Maria Papale ◽  
Melania Amato ◽  
Amelia Licari ◽  
...  

Background Few studies have been conducted on the short-term response to sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Objective The purpose of our experimental trial was to evaluate if two markers such as nasal nitric oxide (nNO) and nasal cytology could be useful to identify a precocious clinical efficacy of SLIT treatment. Methods We enrolled 34 children aged 6 to 14 years old with diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR) and documented sensitization towards house dust mites. We started allergoid-monomeric tablets immunotherapy along with any conventional therapy for AR and we evaluated at baseline (T0), after one (T1), two (T2), three (T3), and six months (T6) the effects of the treatment through the study of: i) a visual analogue scale (VAS 1-10); ii) measurement of nNO; iii) measurement of FeNO; iv) nasal cytology; v) spirometry; and vi) evaluation of any conventional therapy. Results We observed an improvement in symptoms evaluated by global VAS (T0 vs. T6: 47.13 vs. 17.57; p < .05) and a statistically significant reduction of nNO (1035.2 ± 956.08 vs. 139.2 ± 59.01; p < .05). In this case, significance was reached when the patients completed the 6 months of treatment. Cytological evaluation revealed significant reduction in nasal eosinophils (T0 vs. T6: 87% vs. 16%; p < .01). Moreover, at T0, 56% of patients had also neutrophils that were reduced up to the 8% at T6 (p < .05). Conclusions Our data confirm the effectiveness of SLIT treatment from a clinical perspective and identifies two biomarkers, such as nNO and nasal cytology, as predictive of treatment efficacy in the short term.


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