Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis Damage in Mice: From Histological and Micro–Computed Tomodensitometric Changes to Gait Disturbance

Cartilage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 194760352110538
Author(s):  
Alban Fouasson-Chailloux ◽  
Marc Dauty ◽  
Benoit Bodic ◽  
Martial Masson ◽  
Yves Maugars ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Gait Disturbance ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Histological Score ◽  
Bilateral Surgery ◽  
Gait Modification

Objectives Osteoarthritis is a painful joint disease responsible for walking impairment. Its quantitative assessment by gait analysis in mice may be a relevant and noninvasive strategy to assess the disease severity. In this study, we aimed to determine the severity of osteoarthritis at the tissular and gait levels in unilateral and bilateral posttraumatic murine osteoarthritis. Methods Twenty-four C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups ( n = 8/group): controls, unilateral surgery, and bilateral surgery. Posttraumatic osteoarthritis was induced unilaterally or bilaterally by destabilization of the medial meniscus. Gait analysis was performed weekly with the CatWalkTM XT system until the 16th week after surgery. After animal sacrifices, histological and micro–computed tomographic assessment was performed. Results Operated knees showed a significant increase in the histological score compared with controls ( P < 0.001). Calcified anterior medial meniscal bone volume was higher on the ipsilateral side after unilateral destabilization of the medial meniscus ( P < 0.001) and on both sides after bilateral intervention ( P < 0.01). One week after surgery, the mice mean speed decreased significantly in both operated groups ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.05). In the unilateral group, a significant increase in the contralateral hind print area appeared from week 4 to week 16. Conclusions While bilateral destabilization of the medial meniscus induced no detectable gait modification except 1 week after surgery, unilateral model was responsible for a gait disturbance on the contralateral side. Further studies are needed to better define the place of the CatWalkTM in the evaluation of mouse models of osteoarthritis.

Apportionment of Impairment from Meniscal Tears and Knee Arthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Meniscal Tears ◽  
Knee Arthritis ◽  
Degenerative Arthritis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Physical Findings ◽  
Causation Analysis

Abstract Meniscal tears and osteoarthritis (osteoarthrosis, degenerative arthritis, or degenerative joint disease) are two of the most common conditions involving the knee. This article includes definitions of apportionment and causes; presents a case report of initial and recurrent tears of the medial meniscus plus osteoarthritis (OA) in the medial compartment of the knee; and addresses questions regarding apportionment. The authors, experienced impairment raters who are knowledgeable regarding the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), show that, when instructions on impairment rating are incomplete, unclear, or inconsistent, interrater reliability diminishes (different physicians may derive different impairment estimates). Accurate apportionment of impairment is a demanding task that requires detailed knowledge of causation for the conditions in question; the mechanisms of injury or extent of exposures; prior and current symptoms, functional status, physical findings, and clinical study results; and use of the appropriate edition of the AMA Guides. Sometimes the available data are incomplete, requiring the rating physician to make assumptions. However, if those assumptions are reasonable and consistent with the medical literature and facts of the case, if the causation analysis is plausible, and if the examiner follows impairment rating instructions in the AMA Guides (or at least uses a rational and hence defensible method when instructions are suboptimal), the resulting apportionment should be credible.

Bone-mounted Miniature Robotic Guidance for Pedicle Screw and Translaminar Facet Screw Placement: Part 2—Evaluation of System Accuracy

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. ONS-129-ONS-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Togawa ◽  
Mark M. Kayanja ◽  
Mary K. Reinhardt ◽  
Moshe Shoham ◽  
Alin Balter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
External Frame ◽  
K Wires ◽  
Preoperative Plan

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of a novel bone-mounted miniature robotic system for percutaneous placement of pedicle and translaminar facet screws. Methods: Thirty-five spinal levels in 10 cadavers were instrumented. Each cadaver's entire torso was scanned before the procedure. Surgeons planned optimal entry points and trajectories for screws on reconstructed three-dimensional virtual x-rays of each vertebra. Either a clamp or a minimally invasive external frame was attached to the bony anatomy. Anteroposterior and lateral fluoroscopic images using targeting devices were obtained and automatically registered with the virtual x-rays of each vertebra generated from the computed tomographic scan obtained before the procedure. A miniature robot was mounted onto the clamp and external frame and the system controlled the robot's motions to align the cannulated drill guide along the planned trajectory. A drill bit was introduced through the cannulated guide and a hole was drilled through the cortex. Then, K-wires were introduced and advanced through the same cannulated guide and left inside the cadaver. The cadavers were scanned with computed tomography after the procedure and the system's accuracy was evaluated in three planes, comparing K-wire positions with the preoperative plan. A total of fifty-five procedures were evaluated. Results: Twenty-nine of 32 K-wires and all four screws were placed with less than 1.5 mm of deviation; average deviation was 0.87 ± 0.63 mm (range, 0-1.7 mm) from the preoperative plan in this group. Sixteen of 19 K-wires were placed with less than 1.5 mm of deviation. There was one broken and one bent K-wire. Another K-wire was misplaced because of collision with the previously placed wire on the contralateral side of the same vertebra because of a mistake in planning, resulting in a 6.5-mm deviation. When this case was excluded, average deviation was 0.82 ± 0.65 mm (range, 0-1.5 mm). Conclusion: These results verify the system's accuracy and support its use for minimally invasive spine surgery in selected patients.

scholarly journals Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistula with Contralateral Feed Not Diagnosed by Virtual Assessment or by Non-Invasive Vascular Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 712-716
Author(s):  
Edsel Ing ◽  
Felix Tyndel ◽  
Joyce Tang ◽  
Thomas R. Marotta
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistula ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Ocular Signs

A 67-year-old woman had delayed initial diagnosis of her right low flow carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic due to difficulty detecting ocular signs via online virtual examinations. Her right eye conjunctival erythema and proptosis with medial rectus enlargement on computed tomography scan was initially misdiagnosed as euthyroid thyroid-associated orbitopathy without lid retraction. She developed vision loss, and increasing episcleral venous congestion and CCF was suspected. Computed tomographic angiography did not show an obvious fistula. Digital subtraction angiography revealed the right-sided low flow CCF, which was fed from vessels from the contralateral side.

Effects of Ultra-Purified Alginate Gel Implantation on Meniscal Defects in Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
WooYoung Kim ◽  
Tomohiro Onodera ◽  
Eiji Kondo ◽  
Yasuyuki Kawaguchi ◽  
Mohamad Alaa Terkawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Meniscal Repair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Score ◽  
Biopsy Punch ◽  
Biomechanical Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Spontaneous Repair

Background: Many tissue-engineered methods for meniscal repair have been studied, but their utility remains unclear. Hypothesis: Implantation of low-endotoxin, ultra-purified alginate (UPAL) gel without cells could induce fibrocartilage regeneration on meniscal defects in rabbits. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Forty-two mature Japanese White rabbits were divided into 2 groups of 21 animals each. In each animal, a cylindrical defect measuring 2 mm in diameter was created with a biopsy punch on the anterior horn of the medial meniscus. In the control group, no treatment was applied on the left medial meniscal defect. In the UPAL gel group, the right medial meniscal defect was injected with the UPAL gel and gelated by a CaCl2 solution. Samples were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. For biomechanical evaluation, 6 additional samples from intact animals were used for comparison. Results: The macroscopic score was significantly greater in the UPAL gel group than in the control group at 3 weeks (mean ± SE: 5.6 ± 0.82 vs 3.4 ± 0.83, P = .010), 6 weeks (5.9 ± 0.72 vs 2.5 ± 0.75, P = .026), and 12 weeks (5.2 ± 1.21 vs 1.0 ± 0.63, P = .020). The histological score was significantly greater in the UPAL group than in the control group at 3 weeks (2.1 ± 0.31 vs 1.2 ± 0.25, P = .029) and 12 weeks (2.2 ± 0.55 vs 0.3 ± 0.21, P = .016). The mean stiffness of the reparative tissue in the UPAL gel group was significantly greater than that in the control group at 6 weeks (24.325 ± 3.920 N/mm vs 8.723 ± 1.190 N/mm, P = .006) and at 12 weeks (27.804 ± 6.169 N/mm vs not applicable [because of rupture]). Conclusion: The UPAL gel enhanced the spontaneous repair of fibrocartilage tissues in a cylindrical meniscal defect in rabbits. Clinical Relevance: These results imply that the acellular UPAL gel may improve the repair of traumatic meniscal injuries.

Association of mineralisations in the stifle joint of domestic cats with degenerative joint disease and cranial cruciate ligament pathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Voss ◽  
Philemon Karli ◽  
Pierre M Montavon ◽  
Hans Geyer
Keyword(s):  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Capsule ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Periarticular Tissue

Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence, size, location and appearance of mineralisations in feline stifle joints, and to evaluate their relationship with osteoarthritis and cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) status. Methods Presence or absence, and size of mineralisations were determined from lateral stifle radiographs of 25 cats with CrCL rupture, and 44 cat cadavers without CrCL rupture. Mineralisations were classified as small, medium or large. Prevalence was compared between the clinically affected cats and the cadavers; the cadaver group was subdivided into an age-matched and an older group. Ten stifles with varying sizes of mineralisations were prepared as whole-knee specimens for histopathology. Location and appearance of the mineralisations, and degenerative changes in the cruciate ligaments, menisci, articular cartilage and joint capsule are described. Results Prevalence of articular mineralisations was 0.76 in stifles of cats with CrCL rupture (mean ± SD age 8.6 ± 4.5 years), 0.64 in stifles of age-matched cat cadavers and 0.74 in older cat cadavers (mean ± SD age 17.0 ± 2.4 years). Cats with CrCL rupture had a higher percentage of medium and large mineralisations than cats without CrCL rupture. Microscopically, small mineralisations were calcifications usually located in the cranial horn of the medial meniscus. Larger mineralisations were found to be ossifications, commonly located in the joint capsule and fat pad. Cats with larger mineralisations showed more signs of osteoarthritis, including degenerative changes in the CrCL. Conclusions and relevance Mineralisations in feline stifle joints were found to differ in size, appearance and location. Small mineralisations were usually confined to the medial meniscus, as described previously; larger mineralisations tended to be located in the tissues cranial to the menisci and seemed to be associated with osteoarthritis and CrCL pathology. Large mineralisations in feline stifles are ossifications in periarticular tissue and are associated with degenerative joint disease.

scholarly journals CircStrn3 Targeting microRNA-9-5p Is Involved in the Regulation of Cartilage Degeneration and Subchondral Bone Remodeling in Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Tao Ding ◽  
Haoyi Chen ◽  
Changwei Li ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Mechanical Instability ◽  
Human And Mouse

Abstract Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent chronic degenerative joint disease, which is a “whole joint” disease including the pathological changes in the cartilage, subchondral bone and the synovium. Mechanical instability is the initiation of the development of OA. Methods: Minus RNA sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of circStrn3 in human and mouse OA cartilage tissues and chondrocytes. Stimulate chondrocytes to secrete exosomes miR-9-5p by stretching strain. Intra-articular injection of exosomes miR-9-5p into the OA model induced by the operation of instability of the medial meniscus in mice.Results: In the present study, minus RNA sequencing data showed that tensile strain could decrease the expression of circStrn3 in chondrocytes. The results of fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative Real-time PCR showed that circStrn3 expression was significantly decreased in human and mouse OA cartilage tissues and chondrocytes. CircStrn3 could inhibit matrix metabolism of chondrocytes through competitively 'sponging' miRNA-9-5p targeting kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), indicating that the decreasing of circStrn3 might be a protective factor in mechanical instability-induced OA. Further studies showed that the tensile strain stimulated chondrocytes to secrete exosomes miR-9-5p. Exosomes with high miR-9-5p expression from chondrocytes could inhibit osteoblasts differentiation by targeting KLF5. In addition, intra-articular injection of exosomal miR-9-5p obviously alleviated the progression of OA induced by destabilized medial meniscus surgery in mice. Conclusions: Taken together, these results demonstrated that the reduction of circStrn3 caused the increasing of miR-9-5p, which acted as a protective factor in mechanical instability-induced OA and provided a novel mechanism of communication among joint components and a potential application for the treatment of OA.

Bilateral Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 723-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Hermanson ◽  
Richard D. Ferkel
Keyword(s):  
Osteochondral Lesion ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Bilateral Involvement ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Bilateral Surgery ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are relatively uncommon but may be a cause of significant pain and disability. Although the majority of patients have an osteochondral lesion of the talus that is unilateral, bilateral involvement has been reported in 10% to 25% of cases. In addition, factors that cause one side to be symptomatic and the contralateral side to be asymptomatic have never been evaluated. Materials and Methods: A database containing all patients at our institution with an OLT has been maintained for the past 23 years. This was reviewed and patients with bilateral involvement identified. A chart review was performed to determine location and size of the OLT, which were symptomatic, associated with trauma, and required surgery. Results: Between 1984 and 2007, 526 patients with an OLT were seen. Fifty-two patients had bilateral OLT, for an overall bilateral incidence of 10%. Of these, 16 patients required no surgery (Group 1), 31 required only unilateral surgery (Group 2), and five required bilateral surgery (Group 3). 88% of the OLT were located medially. Symptomatic talar lesions were significantly larger compared to asymptomatic OLT ( p < 0.01). Of those that required only unilateral surgery, the size of the OLT eventually requiring surgery was significantly larger ( p < 0.01). Conclusion: The overall incidence of bilateral involvement was 10%. A majority of patients with bilateral involvement had the OLT located on the medial side. A larger surface area appeared to be related to the presence of symptoms and the need for surgery.

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