Blood transfusion-transmissible malaria and its cost analysis in Hawassa regional blood bank, Southern Ethiopia

Background: Blood transfusion is an intervention used to save life particularly for those patients who survive only with receiving blood. Establishing effective diagnostic test menus concerning the screening of transfusion-transmissible infections in the blood banks play a vital role to safeguard recipients from transfusion-transmissible infections. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess blood transfusion-transmissible malaria and its screening cost analysis in Hawassa regional blood bank, Hawassa, Sothern Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2018 among 414 voluntary blood donors. Each participant’s blood sample was screened for most transfusion-transmissible infections using antigen/antibody tests, while rapid diagnostic test and microscopy were used for malaria screening and confirmation. In addition, the cost screening of transfusion-transmissible infections was calculated using activity-based costing method. Results: The overall seropositivity of transfusion-transmissible infections was 7.0% and the positivity rate of hepatitis B virus, syphilis, and Plasmodium falciparum was 5.6%, 1.0%, and 0.5%, respectively. The cost per test of each transfusion-transmissible infection was US$5.04 for human immunodeficiency virus, US$4.61 for hepatitis B virus, US$5.11 for hepatitis C virus, and US$4.75 for syphilis, while the cost per test of malaria rapid diagnostic test was US$4.74 and this is comparatively lower than the cost per test of other transfusion-transmissible infections except for hepatitis B virus. In addition, total cost of laboratory incurred for transfusion-transmissible infections screening is estimated to be US$213,634.5 per year, while it becomes US$265,537.5 if the malaria screening cost is added. This means 19.54% of the total cost of laboratory incurred per year or US$51,903. Conclusion: The positivity rate of malaria parasites among voluntary blood donors was 0.5%, and it might be increased if the study was conducted in high transmission seasons. A cost of malaria screening is comparatively lower than costs of other transfusion-transmissible infections except for hepatitis B virus. Therefore, the screening of malaria parasites should be considered as one of the test menus of transfusion-transmissible infections in blood banks, especially in malaria-endemic areas.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Transmissibility of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection through blood transfusion from blood donors with occult HBV infection.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.9719956.10403054 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Lou Katz

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Occult Hbv Infection ◽

Occult Hbv ◽

B Virus

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Occult Hepatitis B virus infection in previously screened, blood donors in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: implications for blood transfusion and stem cell transplantation

Virology Journal ◽

10.1186/s12985-016-0533-3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Amadin A. Olotu ◽

Adesola O. Oyelese ◽

Lateef Salawu ◽

Rosemary A. Audu ◽

Azuka P. Okwuraiwe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽

Occult Hepatitis ◽

B Virus ◽

Occult Hepatitis B

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Transmissibility of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection through Blood Transfusion from Blood Donors with Occult HBV Infection

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciq247 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 624-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

M.-F. Yuen ◽

D. Ka-Ho Wong ◽

C.-K. Lee ◽

Y. Tanaka ◽

J.-P. Allain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Occult Hbv Infection ◽

Occult Hbv ◽

B Virus

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P.493 Significant reduction of hepatitis B virus prevalence in blood donors referred to Ahwaz blood transfusion service in 2005 (Iran)

Journal of Clinical Virology ◽

10.1016/s1386-6532(06)80666-9 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. S213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Torabi Zadeh Maatoghi ◽

M. Jalali Far ◽

B. Kiani ◽

B. Keykhaei ◽

L. Mirzaii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Virus Prevalence ◽

B Virus ◽

Blood Transfusion Service

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Comparison of Epidemiological Methods for Estimation of Hepatitis B Incidence and Residual Risk for Blood Donors in Southern Brazil

Journal of Transfusion ◽

10.4061/2011/985383 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Emil Kupek ◽

Andrea Petry

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Residual Risk ◽

Epidemiological Methods ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

B Virus ◽

First Time ◽

Hbv Transmission

Background and Objective. The objective of this work was to compare three methods for estimating hepatitis B virus (HBV) incidence and residual risk. Methods. Computerized blood donor records in southern Brazil were examined for the period 2004–2006. The methods for estimating HBV incidence included stand-alone HBsAg, HBsAg yield method, and an extension of the latter which added recent anti-HBc seroconversions as incident HBV cases. Results. HBV incidences for the above methods were 9.91, 20.09, and 22.93 per 100000 repeat donors, respectively. In the same order, corresponding residual risks were 1 : 62482, 1 : 30821, and 1 : 47559, respectively. First-time donors had 52 higher HBV incidence compared to repeat donors. Conclusion. Although the three methods compared produced overlapping 95% confidence intervals, their variation was considerably lower for the method which included recent anti-HBc seroconversions. First-time donors are primary cause for concern regarding HBV transmission via blood transfusion in southern Brazil.

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Evaluation of Blood Units with Isolated Anti HBC for the Presence of HBV DNA

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2002/156359 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 107-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Abdel-Rahman N. Zekri ◽

Azza A. Awlia ◽

Hadeer El Mahalawi ◽

Emad F. Ismail ◽

Gamal M. Mabrouk

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Hbv Dna ◽

Previous Exposure ◽

Hbsag Positivity ◽

B Virus

We screened blood donors in one center in Saudi Arabia for a safety transfusion. We found that among 5043 blood donors negative for HCV and HIV, the incidence of HBsAg positivity was 2.97%. When antiHBc antibody was measured (HBcIg) in HBsAg negative donors, we observed that 21.47% were positive indicating previous exposure to hepatitis B virus. The HBcIg positive blood was further screened for HBsAb and the specimens were found to be reactive in 81.54%. Based on these data blood transfusion was permissible from donors who showed HBsAg negativity, HBcIg positive and HBsAb reactive blood. In order to ensure safety transfusion an aliquot of specimens (n= 80) was further analyzed for HBV DNA by PCR. We found only one specimen positive with incidence of 1.25%. So we recommended restricting transfusion from the previously mentioned donors to emergencies.

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