scholarly journals Comparison of Epidemiological Methods for Estimation of Hepatitis B Incidence and Residual Risk for Blood Donors in Southern Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Kupek ◽  
Andrea Petry
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Residual Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Methods ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
B Virus ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hbv Transmission

Background and Objective. The objective of this work was to compare three methods for estimating hepatitis B virus (HBV) incidence and residual risk. Methods. Computerized blood donor records in southern Brazil were examined for the period 2004–2006. The methods for estimating HBV incidence included stand-alone HBsAg, HBsAg yield method, and an extension of the latter which added recent anti-HBc seroconversions as incident HBV cases. Results. HBV incidences for the above methods were 9.91, 20.09, and 22.93 per 100000 repeat donors, respectively. In the same order, corresponding residual risks were 1 : 62482, 1 : 30821, and 1 : 47559, respectively. First-time donors had 52 higher HBV incidence compared to repeat donors. Conclusion. Although the three methods compared produced overlapping 95% confidence intervals, their variation was considerably lower for the method which included recent anti-HBc seroconversions. First-time donors are primary cause for concern regarding HBV transmission via blood transfusion in southern Brazil.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in first-time blood donors in the southwestern region of Goiás, central Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulena Rosa Leite Cardoso dos Anjos ◽  
Regina Maria Bringel Martins ◽  
Megmar Aparecida dos Santos Carneiro ◽  
Sandra Maria Brunini ◽  
Sheila Araujo Teles
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
B Virus ◽  
First Time

The risk of hepatitis B virus infection by transfusion in Kumasi, Ghana

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 2419-2425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Allain ◽  
Daniel Candotti ◽  
Kate Soldan ◽  
Francis Sarkodie ◽  
Bruce Phelps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hbv Transmission

The risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission by transfusion in sub-Saharan Africa is considered to be relatively low, and testing of blood donors is often not done or is done relatively poorly. To re-examine this attitude, we identified HBV chronically infected blood donors from a major hospital in Ghana with a range of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) assays. Test efficacy was estimated using HBV DNA as a gold standard, and the risk of HBV infection in blood recipients was estimated for different testing strategies. Particle agglutination, dipstick, and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) HBsAg screening detected 54%, 71%, and 97% of HBV infectious donors, respectively. The risk of HBV transmission to recipients less than 10 years old ranged between 1:11 and 1:326 with blood unscreened and screened by EIA, respectively. For older recipients, the risk decreased a further 4-fold because of the high frequency of natural exposure to HBV. A total of 98% of HBsAg-confirmed positive samples contained HBV DNA. HBV DNA load was less than 1 × 104 IU/mL in 75% of HBsAg-reactive samples, most of them anti-HBe reactive. Approximately 0.5% of HBsAg-negative but anti-HBc-positive samples contained HBV DNA. The use of sensitive HBsAg tests is critical to prevent transfusion transmission of HBV infection to young children in a population with a 15% prevalence of chronic HBV infection in blood donors. However, this will not have much effect on the prevalence of this infection unless other strategies to protect children from infection are also advanced in parallel.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in first-time blood donors in the southwestern region of Goiás, central Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Giulena Rosa Leite Cardoso dos Anjos ◽  
Regina Maria Bringel Martins ◽  
Megmar Aparecida dos Santos Carneiro ◽  
Sandra Maria Brunini ◽  
Sheila Araujo Teles
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
B Virus ◽  
First Time

scholarly journals Blood transfusion-transmissible malaria and its cost analysis in Hawassa regional blood bank, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212093693
Author(s):  
Seblewongel Tsehay ◽  
Fatuma Hassen ◽  
Agete Tadewos Hirigo ◽  
Zinegnaw Abiy ◽  
Kassu Desta
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Screening Cost ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
The Cost

Background: Blood transfusion is an intervention used to save life particularly for those patients who survive only with receiving blood. Establishing effective diagnostic test menus concerning the screening of transfusion-transmissible infections in the blood banks play a vital role to safeguard recipients from transfusion-transmissible infections. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess blood transfusion-transmissible malaria and its screening cost analysis in Hawassa regional blood bank, Hawassa, Sothern Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2018 among 414 voluntary blood donors. Each participant’s blood sample was screened for most transfusion-transmissible infections using antigen/antibody tests, while rapid diagnostic test and microscopy were used for malaria screening and confirmation. In addition, the cost screening of transfusion-transmissible infections was calculated using activity-based costing method. Results: The overall seropositivity of transfusion-transmissible infections was 7.0% and the positivity rate of hepatitis B virus, syphilis, and Plasmodium falciparum was 5.6%, 1.0%, and 0.5%, respectively. The cost per test of each transfusion-transmissible infection was US$5.04 for human immunodeficiency virus, US$4.61 for hepatitis B virus, US$5.11 for hepatitis C virus, and US$4.75 for syphilis, while the cost per test of malaria rapid diagnostic test was US$4.74 and this is comparatively lower than the cost per test of other transfusion-transmissible infections except for hepatitis B virus. In addition, total cost of laboratory incurred for transfusion-transmissible infections screening is estimated to be US$213,634.5 per year, while it becomes US$265,537.5 if the malaria screening cost is added. This means 19.54% of the total cost of laboratory incurred per year or US$51,903. Conclusion: The positivity rate of malaria parasites among voluntary blood donors was 0.5%, and it might be increased if the study was conducted in high transmission seasons. A cost of malaria screening is comparatively lower than costs of other transfusion-transmissible infections except for hepatitis B virus. Therefore, the screening of malaria parasites should be considered as one of the test menus of transfusion-transmissible infections in blood banks, especially in malaria-endemic areas.

scholarly journals Occult Hepatitis B virus infection in previously screened, blood donors in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: implications for blood transfusion and stem cell transplantation

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadin A. Olotu ◽  
Adesola O. Oyelese ◽  
Lateef Salawu ◽  
Rosemary A. Audu ◽  
Azuka P. Okwuraiwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Occult Hepatitis B

scholarly journals Assessment of rapid diagnostic tests and fourth‐generation Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assays in the screening of Human Immunodeficiency and Hepatitis B virus infections among first‐time blood donors in Libreville (Gabon)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. e22824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Marie Eko Mba ◽  
Cyrille Bisseye ◽  
Landry Erik Mombo ◽  
Jophrette Mireille Ntsame Ndong ◽  
Schella Carlaye Mbina Ekayeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infections ◽  
First Time

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus prevalence in first‐time blood donors in Flanders, Belgium: Impact of universal vaccination and migration

Transfusion ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels De Brier ◽  
Özgür M. Koc ◽  
Emmy De Buck ◽  
An Muylaert ◽  
Frederik Nevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Universal Vaccination ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
B Virus ◽  
And Migration ◽  
First Time

scholarly journals Transmissibility of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection through Blood Transfusion from Blood Donors with Occult HBV Infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-F. Yuen ◽  
D. Ka-Ho Wong ◽  
C.-K. Lee ◽  
Y. Tanaka ◽  
J.-P. Allain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv ◽  
B Virus

P.493 Significant reduction of hepatitis B virus prevalence in blood donors referred to Ahwaz blood transfusion service in 2005 (Iran)

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. S213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Torabi Zadeh Maatoghi ◽  
M. Jalali Far ◽  
B. Kiani ◽  
B. Keykhaei ◽  
L. Mirzaii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion Service
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