scholarly journals How I treat pediatric acute myeloid leukemia

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey E. Rubnitz ◽  
Gertjan J.L. Kaspers
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Antibody Therapy ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Treatment outcomes for pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have continued to lag behind outcomes reported for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), in part because of the heterogeneity of the disease, a paucity of targeted therapies, and the relatively slow development of immunotherapy compared to ALL. In addition, we have reached the limits of treatment intensity and, even with outstanding supportive care, it is highly unlikely that further intensification of conventional chemotherapy alone will impact relapse rates. However, comprehensive genomic analyses and a more thorough characterization of the leukemic stem cell have provided insights that should lead to tailored and more effective therapies in the near future. In addition, new therapies are finally emerging, including the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax, CD33 and CD123-directed chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, CD123-directed antibody therapy, and menin inhibitors. Here we present four cases to illustrate some of the controversies regarding the optimal treatment of children with newly diagnosed or relapsed AML.

Molecular Characterization of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Results of a Multicentric Study in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 656-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francianne Gomes Andrade ◽  
Elda Pereira Noronha ◽  
Gisele Dallapicola Brisson ◽  
Filipe dos Santos Vicente Bueno ◽  
Ingrid Sardou Cezar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Multicentric Study ◽  
Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Transformation of the acute myeloid leukemia to acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia with CAR-T cell therapy: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Zhang ◽  
Fengan Liu ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Jiang Cao ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Lineage conversion is used to describe acute myeloid or lymphoid leukemia becomes the opposite at relapse.We report a 4-year-old child with acute myeloid leukemia who was converted to acute lymphoblastic leukemia at relapse and received chimeric antigen receptor T (cell) therapy for reference.

scholarly journals Clinical and functional characterization of telomerase variants in patients with pediatric acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome

Leukemia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Tomlinson ◽  
Ghadir Sasa ◽  
Geraldine Aubert ◽  
Bailey Martin-Giacalone ◽  
Sharon E. Plon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Transformation of the acute myeloid leukemia to acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia with CAR-T cell therapy: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Zhang ◽  
Fengan Liu ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Jiang Cao ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Lineage conversion is used to describe acute myeloid or lymphoid leukemia becomes the opposite at relapse.We report a 4-year-old child with acute myeloid leukemia who was converted to acute lymphoblastic leukemia at relapse and received chimeric antigen receptor T (cell) therapy for reference.

scholarly journals Characterization of CEBPA mutations and promoter hypermethylation in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia

Haematologica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. H. I. M. Hollink ◽  
M. M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink ◽  
S. T. C. J. M. Arentsen-Peters ◽  
M. Zimmermann ◽  
J. K. Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Promoter Hypermethylation ◽  
Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cebpa Mutations ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Immunophenotypic characterization of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22)/t(16;16)(p13.1;q22)/CBFb-MYH11

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
E. V. Mikhailova ◽  
S. A. Kashpor ◽  
E. A. Zerkalenkova ◽  
A. A. Semchenkova ◽  
M. E. Dubrovina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Pediatric Hematology ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Early Markers ◽  
Mature Part ◽  
Acute Myeloid

The aim of this study was to describe the immunophenotype of leukemic cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv(16) (p13.1q22)/CBFb-MYH11 and t(16;16)(p13.1;q22)/CBFb-MYH11 in children. This study is supported by the Independent Ethics Committee and approved by the Academic Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. We investigated bone marrow samples from 36 pediatric patients with initially diagnosed AML with inv(16)(p13.1q22)/t(16;16)(p13.1;q22)/CBFb-MYH11. Immunophenotypic profile of leukemic cells was very heterogeneous: cells expressed antigens of early stages of differentiation (CD34, CD117, CD123) as well as markers of mature monocytes (CD11c, CD14, CD64) and neutrophils (CD65, CD15). Moreover, in 55.6% of cases lymphoid coexpressions were noticed (CD2 – the most frequent one). Furthermore, in 83.3% of cases we detected the separation of leukemic cells population into two parts: more “immature” – myeloblastic, which expressed early markers of differentiation (CD34, CD117), and more “mature” part, expressing monocytic antigens (CD11b, CD14, CD33). There was no clear separation between these parts of population. Despite the immunophenotypic similarity between monocytic part of leukemic population and normal monocytes, in 87.5% of studied cases there were same lymphoid coexpressions on these cells as on leukemic myeloblasts. Moreover, we showed that levels of CBFb-MYH11 expression in leukemic monocytes and myeloblasts were comparable. Presence of these characteristics in monocytes allows to consider them as part of leukemic cells population and take into consideration during the total immunophenotype reporting. 

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