scholarly journals Three-dimensional model of bone marrow

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mohandas ◽  
M Prenant
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Marrow Space ◽  
Normal Rat

Abstract Three-dimensional scale models of bone marrow from a hypertransfused and a normal rat were constructed. The model of marrow from the hypertransfused rat demonstrated the existence of distinct erythroblastic islands in situ in which the erythroblasts underwent sychronous maturation. Macrophages were found in close association with the developing erythroblasts. The immature erythroblasts were tightly grouped, but as they matured they began to move apart. Erythroblasts in individual clusters were found to be at the same stage of morphologic maturation. In contrast, the model of marrow from the normal rat showed a majority of clusters containing erythroblasts at various stages of maturation. Erythropoiesis was not spatially restricted to the area proximal to the sinuses but was found to occur over the entire marrow space. Thrombopoiesis, however, was found to take place exclusively in the immediate vicinity of the marrow sinuses.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional model of bone marrow

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mohandas ◽  
M Prenant
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Marrow Space ◽  
Normal Rat

Three-dimensional scale models of bone marrow from a hypertransfused and a normal rat were constructed. The model of marrow from the hypertransfused rat demonstrated the existence of distinct erythroblastic islands in situ in which the erythroblasts underwent sychronous maturation. Macrophages were found in close association with the developing erythroblasts. The immature erythroblasts were tightly grouped, but as they matured they began to move apart. Erythroblasts in individual clusters were found to be at the same stage of morphologic maturation. In contrast, the model of marrow from the normal rat showed a majority of clusters containing erythroblasts at various stages of maturation. Erythropoiesis was not spatially restricted to the area proximal to the sinuses but was found to occur over the entire marrow space. Thrombopoiesis, however, was found to take place exclusively in the immediate vicinity of the marrow sinuses.

scholarly journals Hydraulic modeling of combined sewers overflow integrating the results of the SWMM and CFX models.

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pulgarín ◽  
J. Plaza ◽  
J. Ruge ◽  
J. Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
The One ◽  
Swmm Model

This study proposes a methodology for the calibration of combined sewer overflow (CSO), incorporating the results of the three-dimensional ANSYS CFX model in the SWMM one-dimensional model. The procedure consists of constructing calibration curves in ANSYS CFX that relate the input flow to the CSO with the overflow, to then incorporate them into the SWMM model. The results obtained show that the behavior of the flow over the crest of the overflow weir varies in space and time. Therefore, the flow of entry to the CSO and the flow of excesses maintain a non-linear relationship, contrary to the results obtained in the one-dimensional model. However, the uncertainty associated with the idealization of flow methodologies in one dimension is reduced under the SWMM model with kinematic wave conditions and simulating CSO from curves obtained in ANSYS CFX. The result obtained facilitates the calibration of combined sewer networks for permanent or non-permanent flow conditions, by means of the construction of curves in a three-dimensional model, especially when the information collected in situ is limited.

Architecture and Mathematics

1996 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 456-458
Author(s):  
Dan Reif
Keyword(s):  
Model Building ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Architecture And Mathematics ◽  
Mathematics Skills ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
And Mathematics

It's got to have a center staircase!” “I've always wanted a kitchen with an island!” “Where is the best place for a skylight?” Enthusiastic comments such as these were typical of those I overheard while conducting a two-week workshop in which students used three-dimensional-model-building kits to plan and construct detailed scale models of their own home designs and to develop and sharpen mathematics skills related to architecture.

scholarly journals From Lithological Modelling to Groundwater Modelling: A Case Study in the Tiber River Alluvial Valley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Di Salvo ◽  
Marco Mancini ◽  
Massimiliano Moscatelli ◽  
Maurizio Simionato ◽  
Gian Paolo Cavinato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stationary Regime ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Hydrogeological Model ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Tiber River

This study presents the results of a research project financed by the Lazio Regional Government. The research focused on defining an integrated model of recent alluvial deposits in the Tiber River. To achieve this objective, geological boreholes were made to monitor the aquifer and in situ and laboratory tests carried out. The data obtained was used to detail stratigraphic aspects and improve the comprehension of water circulation beneath the recent alluvial deposits of the Tiber River in the urban area of Rome, between the Ponte Milvio bridge and the Tiber Island. The stratigraphic intervals recognised in the boreholes were parameterised based on their litho-technical characteristics. The new data acquired, and integrated with existing data in the CNR IGAG database, made it possible to produce a three-dimensional model of the lithologies in the study area.The model of the subsoil, simplified for applied reasons, was described in hy-drostratigraphic terms: three different lithotypes were subjected to piezometric levels monitor-ing. Finally, the research generated a numerical hydrological level in a stationary regime. In general, this study demonstrates how a numerical hydrogeological model calibrated by piezo-metric monitoring data can support the construction of a geological model, discarding or con-firming certain hypotheses and suggesting other means of reconstructing sedimentary bodies.

scholarly journals Change in the Pathologic Supraspinatus: A Three-Dimensional Model of Fiber Bundle Architecture within Anterior and Posterior Regions

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Y. Kim ◽  
Rohit Sachdeva ◽  
Zi Li ◽  
Dongwoon Lee ◽  
Benjamin W. C. Rosser
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bundle ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Supraspinatus Tendon ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Residual Function ◽  
Tendon Tears

Supraspinatus tendon tears are common and lead to changes in the muscle architecture. To date, these changes have not been investigated for the distinct regions and parts of the pathologic supraspinatus. The purpose of this study was to create a novel three-dimensional (3D) model of the muscle architecture throughout the supraspinatus and to compare the architecture between muscle regions and parts in relation to tear severity. Twelve cadaveric specimens with varying degrees of tendon tears were used. Three-dimensional coordinates of fiber bundles were collectedin situusing serial dissection and digitization. Data were reconstructed and modeled in 3D using Maya. Fiber bundle length (FBL) and pennation angle (PA) were computed and analyzed. FBL was significantly shorter in specimens with large retracted tears compared to smaller tears, with the deeper fibers being significantly shorter than other parts in the anterior region. PA was significantly greater in specimens with large retracted tears, with the superficial fibers often demonstrating the largest PA. The posterior region was absent in two specimens with extensive tears. Architectural changes associated with tendon tears affect the regions and varying depths of supraspinatus differently. The results provide important insights on residual function of the pathologic muscle, and the 3D model includes detailed data that can be used in future modeling studies.

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