scholarly journals Change in the Pathologic Supraspinatus: A Three-Dimensional Model of Fiber Bundle Architecture within Anterior and Posterior Regions

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Y. Kim ◽  
Rohit Sachdeva ◽  
Zi Li ◽  
Dongwoon Lee ◽  
Benjamin W. C. Rosser
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bundle ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Supraspinatus Tendon ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Residual Function ◽  
Tendon Tears

Supraspinatus tendon tears are common and lead to changes in the muscle architecture. To date, these changes have not been investigated for the distinct regions and parts of the pathologic supraspinatus. The purpose of this study was to create a novel three-dimensional (3D) model of the muscle architecture throughout the supraspinatus and to compare the architecture between muscle regions and parts in relation to tear severity. Twelve cadaveric specimens with varying degrees of tendon tears were used. Three-dimensional coordinates of fiber bundles were collectedin situusing serial dissection and digitization. Data were reconstructed and modeled in 3D using Maya. Fiber bundle length (FBL) and pennation angle (PA) were computed and analyzed. FBL was significantly shorter in specimens with large retracted tears compared to smaller tears, with the deeper fibers being significantly shorter than other parts in the anterior region. PA was significantly greater in specimens with large retracted tears, with the superficial fibers often demonstrating the largest PA. The posterior region was absent in two specimens with extensive tears. Architectural changes associated with tendon tears affect the regions and varying depths of supraspinatus differently. The results provide important insights on residual function of the pathologic muscle, and the 3D model includes detailed data that can be used in future modeling studies.

scholarly journals Hydraulic modeling of combined sewers overflow integrating the results of the SWMM and CFX models.

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pulgarín ◽  
J. Plaza ◽  
J. Ruge ◽  
J. Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
The One ◽  
Swmm Model

This study proposes a methodology for the calibration of combined sewer overflow (CSO), incorporating the results of the three-dimensional ANSYS CFX model in the SWMM one-dimensional model. The procedure consists of constructing calibration curves in ANSYS CFX that relate the input flow to the CSO with the overflow, to then incorporate them into the SWMM model. The results obtained show that the behavior of the flow over the crest of the overflow weir varies in space and time. Therefore, the flow of entry to the CSO and the flow of excesses maintain a non-linear relationship, contrary to the results obtained in the one-dimensional model. However, the uncertainty associated with the idealization of flow methodologies in one dimension is reduced under the SWMM model with kinematic wave conditions and simulating CSO from curves obtained in ANSYS CFX. The result obtained facilitates the calibration of combined sewer networks for permanent or non-permanent flow conditions, by means of the construction of curves in a three-dimensional model, especially when the information collected in situ is limited.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional model of bone marrow

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mohandas ◽  
M Prenant
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Marrow Space ◽  
Normal Rat

Abstract Three-dimensional scale models of bone marrow from a hypertransfused and a normal rat were constructed. The model of marrow from the hypertransfused rat demonstrated the existence of distinct erythroblastic islands in situ in which the erythroblasts underwent sychronous maturation. Macrophages were found in close association with the developing erythroblasts. The immature erythroblasts were tightly grouped, but as they matured they began to move apart. Erythroblasts in individual clusters were found to be at the same stage of morphologic maturation. In contrast, the model of marrow from the normal rat showed a majority of clusters containing erythroblasts at various stages of maturation. Erythropoiesis was not spatially restricted to the area proximal to the sinuses but was found to occur over the entire marrow space. Thrombopoiesis, however, was found to take place exclusively in the immediate vicinity of the marrow sinuses.

scholarly journals Influence of Geometric Features Associativity of CAD Class Models on the Process of Their Updating – Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Świaczny
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Class Models ◽  
Positive Effect

This article deals with the topic of one of the most important features of modern CAx class systems – associativity. The term refers to the ability to form relations (links) between two or more objects (in terms of their selected features), and with the consequence creating an associative (linked) three-dimensional model. The author pays special attention to the very process of creating relations between objects, as it has a key impact on the structural stability of CAD class models, and thus on their susceptibility to possible modifications. To show that not all associativity brings a positive effect, the author presents two examples of its implementation. In order to emphasize the influence of the method of linking individual elements, both examples are based on the same 3D model – a thin-walled part with a positioning pin. That means the geometric form of the default part is the same, whereas only relations of the individual objects of the 3D model change. In the first scenario, correctly defined relations between objects make that the positioning pin offset does not affect the initial design conditions. The second scenario shows an incorrect implementation of associativity, as a result of which the same operation of positioning pin offset gives non-compliance with the initial design conditions and with the consequence an undesirable change in its geometry. The article is an attempt to draw attention to the fact that the associative structure of 3D models is not always equal to the optimal solution. Only the well-thought-out nature of associativity allows to use all its advantages.

scholarly journals Modeling in AUTOCAD for bachelors

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Л.В. Карпюк ◽  
Н.О. Давіденко
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Model Space ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Graphic Editor

The article discusses the methods of using the AutoCad graphic editor for creating three-dimensional objects. The possibilities of three-dimensional modeling in the AutoCad graphic editor for optimizing the educational process of bachelors of technical specialties are also considered. The article analyzes the best ways to create mechanical engineering drawings.The most developed software tool for the production of design documentation is AutoCAD - a universal graphic design system. Creating models of any complexity in space by using this graphic editor, the user will be able to see their relative position, estimate the distance between them. The model can be freely moved in space, viewing many options. The ability to control the point of view allows to conveniently select the view of the 3D model that is being developed. Zooming, panning in real time with the ability to freely rotate the camera around the model provide the ability to quickly view objects from any point of view. The article provides examples of choosing the most optimal option for creating a three-dimensional model. The traditional way to create a 3D model drawing is to make 2D views of the model. When creating a flat drawing, there is a possibility of error when making projections, since they are created independently from each other and consist of several images. It is rather difficult to represent an object in space from a flat drawing. At present, modern software graphic editors are aimed at creating three-dimensional models that allow to create realistic models and, on their basis, get two-dimensional projections. Graphic editor AutoCad allows to create three-dimensional objects based on standard commands, in the form of a cylinder, cone, box, torus, etc., when editing which you can get the desired shapes. After creating a three-dimensional model, the user can get its two-dimensional projections not only on the main planes, but also on any plane at will. The 3D modeling method allows you to create a complex drawing with any number of images based on a 3D model. There are ways to create 2D plane drawings from a 3D model and the ability to edit ready-made designs that can be inserted from model space into paper space. Editing takes place by changing the parameters of a 3D object in model space, and these changes are automatically reflected in paper space. This method allows us to use the tools to quickly create a system of 3-4 linked views for a 3D AutoCad model.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Model Extraction and Parameter Measurement of Cerebral Hemangioma Based on Mimics

2022 ◽  
Vol 2160 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
An Qu ◽  
Tianmin Guan ◽  
Tianxiang Gan ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Zhuang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Cerebral Angiography ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Model Reconstruction ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
3D Model Reconstruction

Abstract In this paper, Mimics is using to reconstruct the 3D model of hemangioma from 2D cerebral angiography images. The process of 3D model reconstruction is formulated. The hemangioma model is extracted and the parameters of the hemangioma are measured, which provided a model basis for the structural design of the spring coil. The shape and structure of the coil are very important for the therapeutic effect. During the treatment, the coil is implanted into the hemangioma from outside the body through a catheter.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of an architectural object. Case study: Citadel fort No. 33 “Krakus” in Krakow

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 00010
Author(s):  
Izabela Piech ◽  
Boguslawa Kwoczynska ◽  
Artur Ciszewski
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Laser Measurements ◽  
The University

The aim of the study was to recreate, in the form of a 3D model, the Citadel fort No. 33 “Krakus” in Krakow. The data on the basis of which the three-dimensional model was made were obtained using a Leica ScanStation P40 terrestrial laser scanner, which is owned by the Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy of the University of Agriculture Hugona Kollataj in Krakow. The scope of field work included performing laser measurements, and then processing the point cloud in the Leica Cyclone 3D program and creating a full architectural model in SketchUp 2016.

scholarly journals Designing a biocompatible ear implant of a man with help of modern information technologies

2018 ◽  
pp. 184-193
Author(s):  
Olena Savielieva ◽  
Leonid Orel ◽  
Andrey Pavlyshko ◽  
Veronika Rutska
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Correct Form ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Human Ear

The article is devoted to designing a biocompatible human ear implant with the further possibility of its bioprinting. The paper considers 3D technologies used in medicine, the latest trends in the development of 3D bioprinters. The methods of modeling the human ear using the Artec Spider 3D scanner and the patient's digital image are considered. Using these methods, 3D modeling in the software package Autodesk 3ds Max and a solid 3D model of the human ear. 3D-bioprinting is an offensive step for the 3D-friend, which is widely to be visualized in medical. Through the rapid creation of high-precision products, taking into account the specifics of anatomy and pathology of the patient - improve the efficiency and quality of medical care. It will save a lot of lives and, possibly, in time, will improve the organs themselves. Getting a good three-dimensional model plays a big role in the correct form of the printed ears of the patient.

scholarly journals DESIGNING ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS OBJECTS BY MEANS OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (161) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
O. Pomortseva
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Triangulation Network

The article deals with the current problem of solid waste disposal. Also the use of geoinformation technologies in the design of environmentally hazardous facilities. The sequence of actions in case of reconstruction of a land plot for the construction of a solid waste landfill is described in detail. It shows how you can use geographic information systems to speed up and better accomplish the task. The convenience of using geographic information systems when planning such tasks is obvious. It is advisable to use geographic information systems when planning environmentally hazardous facilities. This is due to the complex nature of the problem. This requires the involvement of additional spatial data. It is the geographic information system that will allow the use of all data in the complex based on the principle of their spatial position. You can also use data models to support the creation, validation, and correction of information. In a geographic information system, you can create a geodatabase. This will create a 3D model of a solid waste landfill. The 3D model allows you to better represent the terrain. Creation of a triangulation network will allow to correlate all layers created in the geodatabase. The triangulation network is created from 3D terrain points. It allows you to get a three-dimensional model of a high-altitude polygon. This provides many possibilities in the future. It will be possible to interpret 3D models with high-precision engineering systems. This allows you to carry out any geometric measurements, build sections and profiles, as well as monitor activities at the solid waste landfill. Based on these data, it is possible to measure the volumes of household waste, areas, the height of the landfill in terms of the height of the actual relief and the level of groundwater, the altitude characteristics of the landfill and slopes to compare them with the standard indicators. The three-dimensional model will make it possible to identify inconsistencies between the actual boundaries of the polygon with the cadastral boundaries of the site allocated for these purposes. With the help of geographic information systems, simplicity, speed and clarity in the formation of conclusions and decision-making will be provided.

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