scholarly journals Anti-prothrombin antibodies and the lupus anticoagulant

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 512-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Fleck ◽  
SI Rapaport ◽  
LV Rao
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulants ◽  
Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract The investigators have evaluated the frequency and manifestations of anti-prothrombin antibodies in patients with the lupus anticoagulant. Thirty-one of 42 patients with lupus anticoagulants associated with a variety of underlying conditions (74%) had evidence on crossed immunoelectrophoresis of anti-prothrombin antibodies. Twenty-four of 25 patients with an activated partial thromboplastin time exceeding 50 seconds and 14 of 15 patients with a prothrombin time exceeding control by more than two seconds had demonstrable anti-prothrombin antibodies. Three of the 31 patients with anti-prothrombin antibodies had essentially no measurable plasma prothrombin, a presumed result of accelerated clearance of prothrombin/prothrombin antibody complexes. Each of these patients had bled abnormally. The remaining patients with anti-prothrombin antibodies had neither substantial hypoprothrombinemia nor hemorrhagic manifestations, which confirms the non-neutralizing property of anti-prothrombin antibodies associated with the lupus anticoagulant. Since lupus anticoagulant immunoglobulins are known to react with phospholipids, the high prevalence of antibodies binding prothrombin led us to test the hypothesis of antibody polyreactivity. Adsorption of three lupus anticoagulant plasmas with insolubilized prothrombin markedly diminished evidence of both prothrombin/prothrombin antibody complexes and anticoagulant activity. Eluates of the insolubilized prothrombin contained IgG that not only bound prothrombin but possessed lupus anticoagulant activity.

scholarly journals Anti-prothrombin antibodies and the lupus anticoagulant

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 512-519
Author(s):  
RA Fleck ◽  
SI Rapaport ◽  
LV Rao
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulants ◽  
Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis ◽  
High Prevalence

The investigators have evaluated the frequency and manifestations of anti-prothrombin antibodies in patients with the lupus anticoagulant. Thirty-one of 42 patients with lupus anticoagulants associated with a variety of underlying conditions (74%) had evidence on crossed immunoelectrophoresis of anti-prothrombin antibodies. Twenty-four of 25 patients with an activated partial thromboplastin time exceeding 50 seconds and 14 of 15 patients with a prothrombin time exceeding control by more than two seconds had demonstrable anti-prothrombin antibodies. Three of the 31 patients with anti-prothrombin antibodies had essentially no measurable plasma prothrombin, a presumed result of accelerated clearance of prothrombin/prothrombin antibody complexes. Each of these patients had bled abnormally. The remaining patients with anti-prothrombin antibodies had neither substantial hypoprothrombinemia nor hemorrhagic manifestations, which confirms the non-neutralizing property of anti-prothrombin antibodies associated with the lupus anticoagulant. Since lupus anticoagulant immunoglobulins are known to react with phospholipids, the high prevalence of antibodies binding prothrombin led us to test the hypothesis of antibody polyreactivity. Adsorption of three lupus anticoagulant plasmas with insolubilized prothrombin markedly diminished evidence of both prothrombin/prothrombin antibody complexes and anticoagulant activity. Eluates of the insolubilized prothrombin contained IgG that not only bound prothrombin but possessed lupus anticoagulant activity.

The Activated Seven Lupus Anticoagulant Assay Detects Clinically Significant Antibodies

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Moore ◽  
Savita Rangarajan ◽  
Geoffrey F. Savidge
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulants ◽  
Russell’S Viper ◽  
Clinically Significant

Lupus anticoagulants are a heterogeneous group of autoantibodies detected by their effects on phospholipid-dependent coagulation assays. Persistent lupus anticoagulants are associated with thrombotic disease, but not all are clinically significant. Antibody heterogeneity and reagent and test variability dictate that at least 2 tests, of different types, should be used to screen lupus anticoagulants. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the activated seven lupus anticoagulant assay detects clinically significant antibodies. Eighty-two patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and 32 with systemic lupus erythematosus + positive for activated seven lupus anticoagulant and who were without thrombosis, who were positive by activated seven lupus anticoagulant assay, were investigated for lupus anticoagulants by dilute Russell's viper venom time, dilute activated partial thromboplastin time, and Taipan snake venom time, and for anticardiolipin antibodies. Fifty-seven of the APS patients were positive for lupus anticoagulants in multiple assays, 25 in activated seven lupus anticoagulant alone. Fourteen of the latter group were previously positive in other antiphospholipid antibodies assays, and 11 had only been positive for lupus anticoagulants by activated seven lupus anticoagulant. Twenty-eight had elevated anticardiolipin antibodies, 6 of whom were from the group that was positive in activated seven lupus anticoagulant only. Eight of the systemic lupus erythematosus + lupus anticoagulants (without thrombosis) patients were positive for lupus anticoagulant by activated seven lupus anticoagulant alone and had only been positive in activated seven lupus anticoagulant previously, and none had elevated anticardiolipin antibodies. The remaining 24 patients were lupus-anticoagulant positive in multiple assays, and 9 had elevated anticardiolipin antibodies. Dilute Russell's viper venom time and Dilute activated partial thromboplastin time are widely used to detect lupus anticoagulants and are considered to detect clinically significant antibodies. Activated seven lupus anticoagulant detected antibodies in APS patients who were positive by these assays and also lupus anticoagulants undetectable by the dilute Russell's viper venom time/dilute activated partial thromboplastin time reagents used, demonstrating its utility as a first-line or second-line assay.

Distinguishing Plasma Lupus Anticoagulants from Anti-Factor Antibodies Using Hexagonal (II) Phase Phospholipids

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 892-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Rauch ◽  
Marion Tannenbaum ◽  
Andrew S Janoff
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulants ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Coagulation Assays

SummaryThe association of lupus anticoagulant antibodies with thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and multiple spontaneous abortions underlines the importance of diagnostic assays which are able to distinguish these antibodies from anti-factor antibodies and factor deficiencies, as all three prolong in vitro coagulation assays measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Heparin also prolongs the APTT assay and often interferes with the detection of lupus anticoagulant activity. The present study describes a direct and simple dilute APTT assay in which plasma is preincubated with hexagonal (II) phase phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE). Using this system, the lupus anticoagulant antibody activity of 10 randomly selected plasmas from SLE patients was inhibited by 81.2-99.5%, while prolongation of the APTT assay by 6 different anti-factor antibody-containing plasmas, 5 factor deficient plasmas, and 6 heparin-containing plasmas remained unaffected. Inhibition was dependent on epitopes exposed when PE was presented in the hexagonal (II) phase. This data suggests that hexagonal (II) PE is specifically recognized by lupus anticoagulant antibodies in SLE patients and may play a role in the etiology of the disease.

Copolymers of 2-acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and acrylic acid with anticoagulant activity

e-Polymers ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilyana Paneva ◽  
Olya Stoilova ◽  
Nevena Manolova ◽  
Dobri Danchev ◽  
Zdravko Lazarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Thrombin Time

Abstract Copolymers of 2-acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid (AA), as well as the corresponding homopolymers PAMPS and PAA, were studied in vitro on human pool plasma for their anticoagulant activity. The values of the haemostatic parameters - prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time - depend on the composition and the concentration of the (co)polymers. Reptilase time remains unchanged on adding the (co)polymers. A broad concentration range from 16 μg/ml to 3 mg/ml was studied. The copolymers possess anticoagulant activity, which is higher at higher content of AMPS units. It was found that, at certain concentrations, the haemostatic parameters of PAMPS are close to that of heparin. PAA has the lowest anticoagulant activity.

Evaluation of Recently Described Tests for Detection of the Lupus Anticoagulant

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (05) ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo R Forastiero ◽  
Graciela S Cerrato ◽  
Luis O Carreras
Keyword(s):  
Human Placenta ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulants ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
Prolonged Aptt ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin ◽  
Standard Tests

SummaryIt is known that lupus anticoagulants (LA) are antibodies which interfere with phospholipid-dependent coagulation tests, but due to the heterogeneity of LA and the differences in sensitivity of reagents and tests, the diagnosis of LA remains difficult.Recently, Triplett et al. (26) have proposed a new test based on two venoms, Textarin (T) and Ecarin (E), that activate prothrombin but differ in their phospholipid requirements. By testing this new assay we have evaluated 36 patient plasmas containing LA according to standard tests (activated partial thromboplastin time, dilute Russell viper venom time and platelet neutralization procedure) and our results confirm a high sensitivity for LA of the T/E test.In addition, we observed a greater sensitivity of the tissue thromboplastin inhibition test using a recombinant thromboplastin instead of a human placenta thromboplastin.Our study also showed that the T/E test seems to be a useful assay in confirming the diagnosis of LA in patients with an unexplained prolonged APTT.

EFFECTS OF NICKEL CHLORIDE ON INDICES OF HEMOCOAGULATION AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Э.М. Гаглоева ◽  
В.Б. Брин ◽  
С.В. Скупневский ◽  
Н.В. Боциева ◽  
Т.В. Молдован
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Hemostasis System

Цель исследования - изучить состояние системы гемостаза при хронической интоксикации хлоридом никеля, исследовать взаимосвязь показателей гемокоагуляции с процессами липопероксидации у крыс в эксперименте. Методика. Опыты проводили на крысах-самцах Вистар (n=50, 230-250 г). Раствор NiCl2 (5 мг/кг) вводили внутрижелудочно ежедневно в течение 2 нед, 1 и 2 мес. По завершении эксперимента исследовали состояние тромбоцитарного и коагуляционного звеньев гемостаза, антикоагулянтную и фибринолитическую активность крови, а также определяли активность процессов перекисного окисления липидов и антиоксидантных ферментов. Результаты. Установлено, что через 2 нед и 1 мес интоксикации у крыс отмечались гиперкоагуляционные изменения показателей свертывающей системы крови: повышение агрегационной активности тромбоцитов, увеличение концентрации фибриногена, снижение активированного частичного тромбопластинового времени (АЧТВ) и протромбинового времени. В этот период регистрировалось увеличение антитромбиновой и фибринолитической активности крови. Через 2 мес наблюдалось подавление активности клеточного звена гемостаза - тромбоцитопения, ослабление степени АДФ-индуцируемой агрегации тромбоцитов. Выявлялась тенденция к уменьшению концентрации фибриногена. На фоне снижения АЧТВ и тромбинового времени отмечалось увеличение протромбинового времени. В то же время регистрировалось угнетение противосвертывающего звена системы гемостаза (снижалась активность антитромбина III), наблюдалось истощение резервных возможностей фибринолитического звена (замедление фXIIа-зависимого эуглобулинового лизиса) и увеличение содержания растворимых фибрин мономерных комплексов, что свидетельствует о наличии тромбинемии. Через 2 нед, один и два месяца интоксикации у животных выявлялись корреляционные связи между основными показателями системы гемостаза и активностью процессов перекисного окисления липидов и антиоксидантных ферментов. Заключение. Полученные данные подтверждают наличие взаимосвязи активности процессов липопероксидации и системы гемостаза, в том числе при хронической никелевой интоксикации. Результаты исследования позволяют рекомендовать применение антиоксидантов для разработки способов коррекции гемостатических сдвигов при воздействии на организм тяжелых металлов. The aim. To study the state of the hemostasis system in chronic nickel intoxication and to investigate the relationship between hemocoagulation indices and lipoperoxidation processes in rats. Methods. Experiments were carried out on male Wistar rats (n=50, 230-250 g). A solution of nickel chloride (5 mg/kg) was administered daily intragastrically for two weeks, one and two months. At the end of the experiments, indices of platelet and coagulation hemostasis systems, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma, and activities of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes were studied. Results. Hypercoagulative changes in indices of the coagulation system were observed in rats after two weeks and one month of intoxication, including increased platelet aggregation and fibrinogen concentration and shortened activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. During the same period, increased antithrombin and fibrinolytic activities were observed. The depressed activity of the cellular component of hemostasis evident as thrombocytopenia and impaired ADP-induced platelet aggregation was detected after two months of intoxication. A tendency to decrease in fibrinogen concentration was observed. The shortened activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time were associated with prolonged prothrombin time. At the same time, inhibition of the anticoagulant component of hemostasis (decreased antithrombin III activity), exhaustion of the fibrinolysis system reserve (delayed fXIIa-dependent euglobulin lysis), and a significant increase in soluble fibrin monomeric complexes indicative of thrombinemia were observed. After two weeks, one and two months of nickel intoxication, a correlation was found between the major indices of the hemostasis system and the activities of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion. The study confirmed a relationship between the lipid peroxidation activity and the hemostasis system, specifically in chronic nickel intoxication. This result allows to recommend the use of antioxidants in developing methods for correction of hemostatic induced affected by heavy metals.

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