The immunophenotype of splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes and its relevance to the differential diagnosis with other B-cell disorders

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1558-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Matutes ◽  
R Morilla ◽  
K Owusu-Ankomah ◽  
A Houlihan ◽  
D Catovsky
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Splenic Lymphoma ◽  
Weak Surface

Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) is a low-grade disorder that regularly presents with peripheral blood involvement. We describe the immunophenotype of the circulating cells from 100 SLVL patients whose disease has been characterized on clinical, morphologic, and histologic grounds. Cells from all cases expressed B-cell antigens (CD19 and CD37) and/or HLA-Dr and showed light chain restriction (kappa/lambda: 1.5/1) with moderate to strong intensity of membrane Ig staining. Cells from most cases (> 80%) were CD24+, FMC7+, and expressed strongly membrane CD22. The monoclonal antibodies CD10, CD23, and CD38 were positive in one-third of the cases; CD11c in 47%; and CD25 in 25% of cases. A minority of cases (< 20%) were positive with HC2, B-ly-7, and CD5. However, none of the 19 CD5+ cases had the phenotype characteristic of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CD5+, CD23+, FMC7-, weak surface Ig and membrane CD22). None of the 17 CD25+ cases had the immunophenotype typical of hairy cell leukemia (CD25+, CD11c+, HC2+, B-ly-7+). HC2 and B-ly-7 were the most useful reagents to distinguish SLVL from hairy cell leukemia. Our findings demonstrate that SLVL has a distinct immunologic profile and that monoclonal antibodies are important for the differential diagnosis between this disease and other B-lymphoproliferative disorders with which SLVL can be confused.

scholarly journals The immunophenotype of splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes and its relevance to the differential diagnosis with other B-cell disorders

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1558-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Matutes ◽  
R Morilla ◽  
K Owusu-Ankomah ◽  
A Houlihan ◽  
D Catovsky
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Splenic Lymphoma ◽  
Weak Surface

Abstract Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) is a low-grade disorder that regularly presents with peripheral blood involvement. We describe the immunophenotype of the circulating cells from 100 SLVL patients whose disease has been characterized on clinical, morphologic, and histologic grounds. Cells from all cases expressed B-cell antigens (CD19 and CD37) and/or HLA-Dr and showed light chain restriction (kappa/lambda: 1.5/1) with moderate to strong intensity of membrane Ig staining. Cells from most cases (> 80%) were CD24+, FMC7+, and expressed strongly membrane CD22. The monoclonal antibodies CD10, CD23, and CD38 were positive in one-third of the cases; CD11c in 47%; and CD25 in 25% of cases. A minority of cases (< 20%) were positive with HC2, B-ly-7, and CD5. However, none of the 19 CD5+ cases had the phenotype characteristic of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CD5+, CD23+, FMC7-, weak surface Ig and membrane CD22). None of the 17 CD25+ cases had the immunophenotype typical of hairy cell leukemia (CD25+, CD11c+, HC2+, B-ly-7+). HC2 and B-ly-7 were the most useful reagents to distinguish SLVL from hairy cell leukemia. Our findings demonstrate that SLVL has a distinct immunologic profile and that monoclonal antibodies are important for the differential diagnosis between this disease and other B-lymphoproliferative disorders with which SLVL can be confused.

scholarly journals Monoclonal antibodies reactive with hairy cell leukemia [see comments]

Blood ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Visser ◽  
A Shaw ◽  
J Slupsky ◽  
H Vos ◽  
S Poppema
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Hairy Cells ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Insight Into

Monoclonal antibodies reactive with hairy cell leukemia were developed to aid in the diagnosis of this subtype of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and to gain better insight into the origin of hairy cells. Three antibodies were found to be of value in the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia. Antibody B-ly 2 can be considered a pan-B cell reagent and generally reacts similar to CD22 antibodies. Antibody B-ly 6 is reactive with the same antigen as CD11c (p150/95), an antigen that is present on hairy cell leukemia, macrophages, and a minor subpopulation of lymphocytes. Antibody B-ly 7 is a unique antibody reactive with 144 Kd antigen present only on hairy cell leukemia and a very small population of normal B lymphocytes. This subpopulation may be the counterpart of hairy cells.

scholarly journals Hairy Cell Leukemia (Morphologic and Immunophenotypic Profile)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Anindita Novia Damayanti ◽  
Arifoel Hajat
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Positive Results

Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) is a lymphoproliferative B cell abnormality dominated by mature lymphocytes with cytoplasmic projections and often misunderstood as Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). Misdiagnosis can be caused by errors in the preparation of peripheral Blood Smear Evaluation (BSE). Immunophenotyping is an option to differentiate HCL from CLL. A 56-year-old female presented with complaints of weakness. Physical examination showed conjunctival anemia 3 3 and hepatosplenomegaly. Hematological test results were as follows: Hb 7.4 g/dL; WBC 131.24x10 /uL; and Plt 61x10 /uL. BSE And Bone Marrow Aspiration (BMA) showed predominantly mature lymphocytes with cytoplasmic projections and suspected CLL with HCL as the differential diagnosis. Immunophenotyping with peripheral blood samples showed CD19+, CD20+, CD79a+, HLA-DR+, CD5-, and CD7- suggesting an increasing mature lymphocytes population (74.16%) that expressed B lymphoid lineage. White Precursor Cell (WPC) channel test showed an abnormal lymphocytes population. The differential diagnosis of patients with dominant mature lymphocytes BSE with cytoplasmic projections was CLL and HCL. Immunophenotyping of CLL showed positive results on B cell markers (CD19, CD20, CD79a, and HLA-DR) with aberrant CD5. However, in such an HCL case like this, there were strongly positive results on B cell markers but the absence of aberrant CD5. This study was supported by the presence of abnormal lymphocytes population in the WPC test. The diagnosis of HCL in this patient was based on interpretation of BSE and immunophenotyping, supported by the WPC test.

scholarly journals Monoclonal antibodies reactive with hairy cell leukemia [see comments]

Blood ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Visser ◽  
A Shaw ◽  
J Slupsky ◽  
H Vos ◽  
S Poppema
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Hairy Cells ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Monoclonal antibodies reactive with hairy cell leukemia were developed to aid in the diagnosis of this subtype of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and to gain better insight into the origin of hairy cells. Three antibodies were found to be of value in the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia. Antibody B-ly 2 can be considered a pan-B cell reagent and generally reacts similar to CD22 antibodies. Antibody B-ly 6 is reactive with the same antigen as CD11c (p150/95), an antigen that is present on hairy cell leukemia, macrophages, and a minor subpopulation of lymphocytes. Antibody B-ly 7 is a unique antibody reactive with 144 Kd antigen present only on hairy cell leukemia and a very small population of normal B lymphocytes. This subpopulation may be the counterpart of hairy cells.

Atypical Hairy Cell Leukemia

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (11) ◽  
pp. 1710-1713
Author(s):  
Mark L. Wu ◽  
Hau C. Kwaan ◽  
Charles L. Goolsby
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Splenic Lymphoma

Abstract The morphologic differential diagnosis of mature B-cell neoplasms with cytoplasmic projections includes splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes and hairy cell leukemia. Although the classification of hairy cell leukemia is not universally recognized, 3 variants have been described, namely, classic, variant, and Japanese variant, each of which has different clinical and immunophenotypic features. Classic hairy cell leukemia is virtually always CD11c+, CD25+, and CD103+. Variant and Japanese variant hairy cell leukemias are usually CD11c+, always CD25−, and occasionally CD103+. Each variant is characteristically CD10−. We present a case of hairy cell leukemia with a unique immunoprofile in that the cells were CD10+, CD25+, and CD103−, and we review the criteria helpful in differentiating “hairy” B-cell neoplasms. This case emphasizes the variability of hairy cell leukemia and the need to correlate all clinical and pathologic data in reaching a diagnosis.

scholarly journals CD5-Negative, CD10-Negative Low-Grade B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders of the Spleen

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 5124-5147
Author(s):  
John J. Schmieg ◽  
Jeannie M. Muir ◽  
Nadine S. Aguilera ◽  
Aaron Auerbach
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Red Pulp

CD5-negative, CD10-negative low-grade B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (CD5-CD10-LPD) of the spleen comprise a fascinating group of indolent, neoplastic, mature B-cell proliferations that are essential to accurately identify but can be difficult to diagnose. They comprise the majority of B-cell LPDs primary to the spleen, commonly presenting with splenomegaly and co-involvement of peripheral blood and bone marrow, but with little to no involvement of lymph nodes. Splenic marginal zone lymphoma is one of the prototypical, best studied, and most frequently encountered CD5-CD10-LPD of the spleen and typically involves white pulp. In contrast, hairy cell leukemia, another well-studied CD5-CD10-LPD of the spleen, involves red pulp, as do the two less common entities comprising so-called splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia unclassifiable: splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma and hairy cell leukemia variant. Although not always encountered in the spleen, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, a B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder consisting of a dual population of both clonal B-cells and plasma cells and the frequent presence of the MYD88 L265P mutation, is another CD5-CD10-LPD that can be seen in the spleen. Distinction of these different entities is possible through careful evaluation of morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular features, as well as peripheral blood and bone marrow specimens. A firm understanding of this group of low-grade B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders is necessary for accurate diagnosis leading to optimal patient management.

The Differential Diagnosis of Hairy Cell Leukemia with a Panel of Monoclonal Antibodies

1985 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brunangelo Falini ◽  
Roland Schwarting ◽  
Wendy Erber ◽  
David N. Posnett ◽  
Massimo F. Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia

scholarly journals CD11c (LEU-M5) expression characterizes a B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorder with features of both chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia [see comments]

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2360-2367
Author(s):  
CA Hanson ◽  
TE Gribbin ◽  
B Schnitzer ◽  
JA Schlegelmilch ◽  
BS Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsies

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and hairy cell leukemia (HCL) are two common chronic lymphoproliferative disorders, each having characteristic clinical, morphologic, and immunologic features. Phenotypically, CD5 reactivity in CLL and CD11c (Leu-M5) reactivity in HCL have characterized these two leukemias among B-cell disorders. In this study, we report 14 cases of a novel chronic lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by lymphocytosis and CD11c expression, but morphologically similar to CLL. The patients' ages ranged from 46 to 81 years (median 62). Eleven had palpable splenomegaly, five with markedly enlarged spleens; only one patient had generalized lymphadenopathy. The white blood cell count ranged from 5.2 to 131.0 x 10(9)/L (median 20.8). The morphologic diagnosis in all cases was CLL, with the cells usually having abundant cytoplasm. No morphologic features, of hairy cells were evident; tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase cytochemistry was negative in all cases. Bone marrow biopsies were available in 8 of 14. Four showed focal nodular infiltrates and two had diffuse infiltrates similar to CLL; two showed only minimal interstitial involvement. All cases expressed multiple B-cell markers, and 12 of 14 had monoclonal surface immunoglobulin. The leukemic cells of all cases strongly expressed CD11c, while CD5 was expressed in 7 of 14; only 1 of the 14 cases expressed the lymph node homing receptor, Leu-8. This unique group of leukemias appears to represent the malignant transformation of lymphocytes arising from a stage of lymphocyte differentiation between that found in typical cases of CLL and that of HCL. CD11c is known to have an important function in cellular adhesion and may be important in determining the pattern of lymphocyte tissue distribution found in this group of patients.

scholarly journals CD11c (LEU-M5) expression characterizes a B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorder with features of both chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia [see comments]

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2360-2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Hanson ◽  
TE Gribbin ◽  
B Schnitzer ◽  
JA Schlegelmilch ◽  
BS Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsies

Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and hairy cell leukemia (HCL) are two common chronic lymphoproliferative disorders, each having characteristic clinical, morphologic, and immunologic features. Phenotypically, CD5 reactivity in CLL and CD11c (Leu-M5) reactivity in HCL have characterized these two leukemias among B-cell disorders. In this study, we report 14 cases of a novel chronic lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by lymphocytosis and CD11c expression, but morphologically similar to CLL. The patients' ages ranged from 46 to 81 years (median 62). Eleven had palpable splenomegaly, five with markedly enlarged spleens; only one patient had generalized lymphadenopathy. The white blood cell count ranged from 5.2 to 131.0 x 10(9)/L (median 20.8). The morphologic diagnosis in all cases was CLL, with the cells usually having abundant cytoplasm. No morphologic features, of hairy cells were evident; tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase cytochemistry was negative in all cases. Bone marrow biopsies were available in 8 of 14. Four showed focal nodular infiltrates and two had diffuse infiltrates similar to CLL; two showed only minimal interstitial involvement. All cases expressed multiple B-cell markers, and 12 of 14 had monoclonal surface immunoglobulin. The leukemic cells of all cases strongly expressed CD11c, while CD5 was expressed in 7 of 14; only 1 of the 14 cases expressed the lymph node homing receptor, Leu-8. This unique group of leukemias appears to represent the malignant transformation of lymphocytes arising from a stage of lymphocyte differentiation between that found in typical cases of CLL and that of HCL. CD11c is known to have an important function in cellular adhesion and may be important in determining the pattern of lymphocyte tissue distribution found in this group of patients.

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