Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes-like virus (human herpesvirus type 8) DNA sequences in multicentric Castleman's disease: is there any relevant association in non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients? [letter; comment]

Abstract We describe a case of an 87-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–negative man who developed a primary pleural lymphoma without any identifiable tumor mass associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection. A large T-cell lymphoma was diagnosed based on morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings. The HHV-8 DNA sequences were detected using specific polymerase chain reaction amplification in the lymphomatous effusion. Study of the patient's serum confirmed the HHV-8 infection. This case report displays the characteristic features of HHV-8–related body cavity-based lymphoma/primary effusion lymphoma previously reported in HIV-seronegative patients, except that it is of T-cell origin. Whether this case may be included or not within the primary effusion lymphoma entity, the association of a pleural T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with HHV-8 infection raises the question of the possible occurrence of T cells as the target of malignant transformation associated with HHV-8 infection.

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Human Herpesvirus-8 Infection Associated with Kaposi Sarcoma, Multicentric Castleman's Disease, and Plasmablastic Microlymphoma in a Man with AIDS: A Case Report with Review of Pathophysiologic Processes

Pathology Research International ◽

10.4061/2011/647518 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Christian Eaton ◽

Russell Dorer ◽

David M. Aboulafia

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Castleman’S Disease ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Kaposi Sarcoma ◽

Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Castleman's Disease ◽

Multicentric Castleman’S Disease ◽

Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Multicentric Castleman's Disease

Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD), and plasmablastic microlymphoma, are all linked to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection and HIV-induced immunodeficiency. Herein, we describe the case of a Kenyan man diagnosed with HIV in 2000. He deferred highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and remained in good health until his CD4+ count declined in 2006. He was hospitalized with bacterial pneumonia in 2008, after which he agreed to take HAART but did so sporadically. In 2010, he was hospitalized with fever, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, and an elevated HHV-8 viral load. A lymph node biopsy showed findings consistent with KS, MCD, and plasmablastic microlymphoma. Eight months after starting liposomal doxorubicin, Rituximab, and a new HAART regimen, he has improved clinically, and his HIV and HHV-8 viral loads are suppressed. These three conditions, found in the same lymph node, underscore the inflammatory and malignant potential of HHV-8, particularly in the milieu of HIV-induced immunodeficiency.

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Immunohistochemical detection of the latent nuclear antigen-1 of the human herpesvirus type 8 to differentiate cutaneous epidemic Kaposi sarcoma and its histological simulators

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia ◽

10.1590/s0365-05962013000200010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 243-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Patricia Fonseca Pereira ◽

Tullia Cuzzi ◽

Maria Clara Gutierrez Galhardo

Keyword(s):

Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Kaposi Sarcoma ◽

Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽

Nuclear Antigen ◽

Immunohistochemical Detection ◽

Herpesvirus Type ◽

Human Herpesvirus Type ◽

Skin Biopsies ◽

Latent Nuclear Antigen

Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common neoplasia diagnosed in AIDS patients and the expression of the human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) latent nuclear antigen-1 has been useful for its histological diagnosis. The aim of this study is to confirm that immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool for differentiating KS from its simulators in skin biopsies of HIV patients. Immunohistochemical and histological analyses were performed in 49 Kaposi's sarcoma skin biopsies and 60 of its histological simulators. Positivity was present in the 49 Kaposi's sarcoma skin biopsies and no staining was observed in the 60 simulators analyzed, resulting in sensibility and specificity of 100%. HHV-8 immunohistochemical detection is an effective tool for diagnosing Kaposi's sarcoma, especially in early lesions in which neoplastic features are not evident. It also contributes to its histological differential diagnosis.

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