Plasmodium falciparum and placental cytokine profiles among pregnant women in relation to their HIV-1 status: possible implications for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 in Cameroon

Research has demonstrated that proper prevention strategies and interventions during pregnancy, labor, and delivery can significantly reduce the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) should be initiated in all HIV-infected pregnant women regardless of CD4+ T cell count or HIV-1 RNA level. ARVs should be given in combination therapy, similar to nonpregnant patients, with the goal of complete virologic suppression. Treatment changes during pregnancy have been associated with the loss of virologic control and independently associated with mother-to-child transmission. All cases of prenatal antiretroviral exposure should be reported to the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry, which collects data on HIV-infected pregnant women taking ARVs with the goal of detecting any major teratogenic effects.

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Influence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype on mother-to-child transmission

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.18754-0 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 607-613 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Natàlia Tàpia ◽

Sandra Franco ◽

Francesc Puig-Basagoiti ◽

Clara Menéndez ◽

Pedro Luis Alonso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽

Virus Type ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Hiv 1

The present study was designed to assess whether the subtype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) could affect the rate of HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission in a cohort of 31 HIV-1-seropositive pregnant Tanzanian women. In order to assign a subtype to the samples analysed, nucleotide sequencing of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat U3 and C2V3C3 envelope regions was performed from the sera of these 31 pregnant women. Except in three cases, amplification of both regions was achieved in all samples. Subtypes A (n=13, 46 %), C (n=6, 21 %) and D (n=2, 7 %), as well as a number (25 %) of A/C, C/A, D/A and C/D recombinant forms (n=3, 2, 1 and 1, respectively), were identified. Of the 31 HIV-1 seropositive pregnant women analysed, eight (26 %) transmitted HIV-1 to their infants. Among the eight transmitter mothers, four (4 of 13, 31 %) were infected with HIV-1 subtype A, one (1 of 6, 17 %) with HIV-1 subtype C, none (0 of 2, 0 %) with HIV-1 subtype D and three (3 of 7, 43 %) with HIV-1 subtype recombinant A/C. These findings show no significant differences in the mother-to-child transmissibility of HIV-1 subtypes A, C and D and detected recombinants forms.

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HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission and drug resistance among Brazilian pregnant women with high access to diagnosis and prophylactic measures

Journal of Clinical Virology ◽

10.1016/j.jcv.2012.01.011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 15-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Keila Correia Alcântara ◽

Janaína Bacelar Accioli Lins ◽

Maly Albuquerque ◽

Letícia Mara Aires ◽

Ludimila Paula Vaz Cardoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Prophylactic Measures ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Hiv 1

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Mother-to-child transmission of different HIV-1 subtypes among ARV Naïve infected pregnant women in Nigeria

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652006000200004 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 77-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

G.N. Odaibo ◽

D.O. Olaleye ◽

L. Heyndrickx ◽

K. Vereecken ◽

K. Houwer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Transmission Rate ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Informed Consent Form ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Hiv 1

The rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV as well as the implications of the circulating multiple subtypes to MTCT in Nigeria are not known. This study was therefore undertaken to determine the differential rates of MTCT of HIV-1 subtypes detected among infected pregnant women before ARV intervention therapy became available in Nigeria. Twenty of the HIV-positive women who signed the informed consent form during pregnancy brought their babies for follow-up testing at age 18-24 months. Plasma samples from both mother and baby were tested for HIV antibody at the Department of Virology, UCH, Ibadan, Nigeria. All positive samples (plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells - PBMCs) were shipped to the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, where the subtype of the infecting virus was determined using the HMA technique. Overall, a mother-to-child HIV transmission rate of 45% was found in this cohort. Specifically, 36.4%, 66.7% and 100% of the women infected with HIV-1 CRF02 (IbNg), G and B, respectively, transmitted the virus to their babies. As far as it can be ascertained, this is the first report on the rate of MTCT of HIV in Nigeria. The findings reported in this paper will form a useful reference for assessment of currently available therapeutic intervention of MTCT in the country.

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