BACKGROUND
The authors report a case of a patient with normal-pressure hydrocephalus treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt who developed a traumatic hemispheric bilateral acute subdural hematoma caused by quick cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) overdrainage. The authors present active ventricular CSF volume restoration as a novel treatment option. CSF overdrainage in patients with shunts may facilitate acute subdural hematoma formation even in cases of minor head trauma. Therapeutic options include CSF shunt function restriction or ligation, hematoma evacuation, or a combination of both.
OBSERVATIONS
In this case, the authors performed emergency surgery with hematoma evacuation through a bilateral craniotomy and actively restored the volume of the ventricular system with a slow intraventricular injection of 37°C warmed Ringer solution through a shunt burr hole reservoir.
LESSONS
In addition to hematoma evacuation and restriction of shunt function, the intraoperative restoration of ventricular volume could be a treatment option to prevent postoperative rebleeding or a space-occupying air collection in the subdural space. The risk of possible complications, such as ventricular or parenchymal bleeding, shunt dysfunction, or infections, requires further investigation. Restoration of the ventricular CSF volume by intraventricular injection of Ringer solution was in this case an efficient treatment method to prevent subdural rebleeding and a space-occupying air collection after subdural hematoma evacuation.
Rapid resolution of an acute subdural hematoma by increasing the shunt valve pressure in a 63-year-old man with normal-pressure hydrocephalus with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a case report and literature review
