Workable male sterility systems for hybrid rice: Genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, and utilization

The breeding and large-scale adoption of hybrid seeds is an important achievement in agriculture. Rice hybrid seed production uses cytoplasmic male sterile lines or photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines (PTGMS) as female parent. Cytoplasmic male sterile lines are propagated via cross-pollination by corresponding maintainer lines, whereas PTGMS lines are propagated via self-pollination under environmental conditions restoring male fertility. Despite huge successes, both systems have their intrinsic drawbacks. Here, we constructed a rice male sterility system using a nuclear gene named Oryza sativa No Pollen 1 (OsNP1). OsNP1 encodes a putative glucose–methanol–choline oxidoreductase regulating tapetum degeneration and pollen exine formation; it is specifically expressed in the tapetum and miscrospores. The osnp1 mutant plant displays normal vegetative growth but complete male sterility insensitive to environmental conditions. OsNP1 was coupled with an α-amylase gene to devitalize transgenic pollen and the red fluorescence protein (DsRed) gene to mark transgenic seed and transformed into the osnp1 mutant. Self-pollination of the transgenic plant carrying a single hemizygous transgene produced nontransgenic male sterile and transgenic fertile seeds in 1:1 ratio that can be sorted out based on the red fluorescence coded by DsRed. Cross-pollination of the fertile transgenic plants to the nontransgenic male sterile plants propagated the male sterile seeds of high purity. The male sterile line was crossed with ∼1,200 individual rice germplasms available. Approximately 85% of the F1s outperformed their parents in per plant yield, and 10% out-yielded the best local cultivars, indicating that the technology is promising in hybrid rice breeding and production.

Download Full-text

Characterization and Use of Male Sterility in Hybrid Rice Breeding

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology ◽

10.1111/j.1744-7909.2007.00513.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 791-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Shaoqing Li ◽

Daichang Yang ◽

Yingguo Zhu

Keyword(s):

Male Sterility ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Rice Breeding

Download Full-text

Male Sterility System for Hybrid Rice Breeding and Seed Production

Rice Research for Quality Improvement: Genomics and Genetic Engineering ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-5337-0_13 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 269-289

Author(s):

Nimisha Amist ◽

N. B. Singh

Keyword(s):

Male Sterility ◽

Seed Production ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Rice Breeding

Download Full-text

Genetically Characterizing a New Indica Cytoplasmic Male Sterility with Oryza glaberrima Cytoplasm for Its Potential Use in Hybrid Rice Production

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2012.07.0444 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 132-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Feng Huang ◽

Xi Fu ◽

Andrew Efisue ◽

Sisong Zhang ◽

Guosheng Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽

Male Sterility ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Rice Production ◽

Oryza Glaberrima ◽

Potential Use

Download Full-text

Classification of environmentally induced genetic male sterile lines of rice based on their fertility responses to photoperiod and temperature

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600077935 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 127 (2) ◽

pp. 161-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. H. Cheng ◽

H. M. Si ◽

L. S. Zhuo ◽

Z. X. Sun

Keyword(s):

Male Sterility ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Line System ◽

Genetic Male Sterility ◽

Different Types ◽

Photoperiod Sensitive ◽

Selection Of

SUMMARYThe use of environmentally induced genetic male sterile (EGMS) rice could alter the development of hybrid rice from a three-line system to a two-line system. It is critical for the utilization of EGMS rice to determine which are the main environmental factors influencing fertility changes. Fertility responses to photoperiod (P) and temperature (T) were studied in 101 EGMS rice lines under nine controlled regimes combining three photoperiods (15·0, 14·0 and 12·5 h)x three temperatures (30·1, 24·1 and 23·1 °C). According to the variance analysis of seed-setting data, 96% of the total EGMS lines studied could be divided into three types as follows: (1) photoperiod-sensitive genetic male sterility (PGMS) characterized statistically by significant (P < 0·05) P and P × T interaction effects but by a non-significant T effect on fertility, (2) thermosensitive genetic male sterility (TGMS) by a significant T effect, a non-significant P effect and by either a significant or a non-significant P × T interaction effect on fertility, and (3) photo-thermosensitive genetic male sterility (P-TGMS) by only a significant P × T interaction effect on fertility. Among the japonica EGMS lines studied, PGMS, TGMS and P-TGMS accounted for 32·3, 9·7 and 51·6%, respectively. However, among the indica EGMS lines, no PGMS lines were detected and most of them were TGMS or P-TGMS (61·4 and 35·7%, respectively). The results indicate that the selection of indica PGMS lines of rice might be very difficult. The availability of different types of EGMS rice in two-line system hybrid rice is evaluated and the selection of an ideal model of response to photoperiod and temperature for indica EGMS is discussed.

Download Full-text