Classification of environmentally induced genetic male sterile lines of rice based on their fertility responses to photoperiod and temperature

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Cheng ◽  
H. M. Si ◽  
L. S. Zhuo ◽  
Z. X. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Line System ◽  
Genetic Male Sterility ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYThe use of environmentally induced genetic male sterile (EGMS) rice could alter the development of hybrid rice from a three-line system to a two-line system. It is critical for the utilization of EGMS rice to determine which are the main environmental factors influencing fertility changes. Fertility responses to photoperiod (P) and temperature (T) were studied in 101 EGMS rice lines under nine controlled regimes combining three photoperiods (15·0, 14·0 and 12·5 h)x three temperatures (30·1, 24·1 and 23·1 °C). According to the variance analysis of seed-setting data, 96% of the total EGMS lines studied could be divided into three types as follows: (1) photoperiod-sensitive genetic male sterility (PGMS) characterized statistically by significant (P < 0·05) P and P × T interaction effects but by a non-significant T effect on fertility, (2) thermosensitive genetic male sterility (TGMS) by a significant T effect, a non-significant P effect and by either a significant or a non-significant P × T interaction effect on fertility, and (3) photo-thermosensitive genetic male sterility (P-TGMS) by only a significant P × T interaction effect on fertility. Among the japonica EGMS lines studied, PGMS, TGMS and P-TGMS accounted for 32·3, 9·7 and 51·6%, respectively. However, among the indica EGMS lines, no PGMS lines were detected and most of them were TGMS or P-TGMS (61·4 and 35·7%, respectively). The results indicate that the selection of indica PGMS lines of rice might be very difficult. The availability of different types of EGMS rice in two-line system hybrid rice is evaluated and the selection of an ideal model of response to photoperiod and temperature for indica EGMS is discussed.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility gene provides direct evidence for some hybrid rice recently evolving into weedy rice

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxu Zhang ◽  
Zuomei Lu ◽  
Weimin Dai ◽  
Xiaoling Song ◽  
Yufa Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Genetic Male Sterility ◽  
Sterility Gene ◽  
Male Sterility Gene

scholarly journals Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (49) ◽  
pp. 14145-14150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyi Chang ◽  
Zhufeng Chen ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Gang Xie ◽  
Jiawei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Red Fluorescence ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination

The breeding and large-scale adoption of hybrid seeds is an important achievement in agriculture. Rice hybrid seed production uses cytoplasmic male sterile lines or photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines (PTGMS) as female parent. Cytoplasmic male sterile lines are propagated via cross-pollination by corresponding maintainer lines, whereas PTGMS lines are propagated via self-pollination under environmental conditions restoring male fertility. Despite huge successes, both systems have their intrinsic drawbacks. Here, we constructed a rice male sterility system using a nuclear gene named Oryza sativa No Pollen 1 (OsNP1). OsNP1 encodes a putative glucose–methanol–choline oxidoreductase regulating tapetum degeneration and pollen exine formation; it is specifically expressed in the tapetum and miscrospores. The osnp1 mutant plant displays normal vegetative growth but complete male sterility insensitive to environmental conditions. OsNP1 was coupled with an α-amylase gene to devitalize transgenic pollen and the red fluorescence protein (DsRed) gene to mark transgenic seed and transformed into the osnp1 mutant. Self-pollination of the transgenic plant carrying a single hemizygous transgene produced nontransgenic male sterile and transgenic fertile seeds in 1:1 ratio that can be sorted out based on the red fluorescence coded by DsRed. Cross-pollination of the fertile transgenic plants to the nontransgenic male sterile plants propagated the male sterile seeds of high purity. The male sterile line was crossed with ∼1,200 individual rice germplasms available. Approximately 85% of the F1s outperformed their parents in per plant yield, and 10% out-yielded the best local cultivars, indicating that the technology is promising in hybrid rice breeding and production.

scholarly journals ДИЗАЙН-ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ СУЧАСНИХ СУКОНЬ З ОЗДОБЛЕННЯМ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ТКАНИН

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
К. Л. Пашкевич ◽  
О. В. Єжова ◽  
Т. Ф. Кротова ◽  
Н. Д. Креденець ◽  
Лю Цзянсінь ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Surface Density ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Selection Of

To study the specifics of design-projection of clothes with finishing, considering the properties of fabrics. The system approach, as well as the methods of system-structural and morphological analysis, are used. The current collections of women`s clothes, presented by modern designers, have been analyzed; the current fashion trends in manufacturing and finishing of dress fabrics and products, made from such fabrics, have been identified; the classification of types of finishing of clothes has been presented. The frequency of occurrence of different types of finishing in the collections of world-famous designers in 2011 – 2019 has been determined. Physical and mechanical properties of samples of dress fabrics have been studied, in particular: thickness, surface density, abruption characteristics; their interconnections have been identified. The recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the creation of modern women`s dresses using different types of finishing (flat, volumetric) have been developed. The interconnections between physical and mechanical parameters of dress fabrics are identified, and the recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the creation of modern women`s dresses using the finishing based on the tectonic approach are developed. The conducted set of scientific researches on the design-projection of women`s dresses, based on the tectonic approach, and the determination of physical and mechanical parameters of dress fabrics are the basis for the development of recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the manufacturing of dresses with a variety of finishes.

scholarly journals Pteridophytes as ecological indicators: an overview

Hoehnea ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Possamai Della ◽  
Daniel de Barcellos Falkenberg
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Ecological Indicators ◽  
The Real ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Environmental Integrity ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The pteridophytes present a great but poorly explored potential as ecological indicators (EIs), shown only in some sparse studies. Therefore, to analyze this potential, we reviewed published articles, websites, or books with pteridophytes as EIs, searching on five scholar databases and also on Google. We selected 134 studies, conducted in all continents (118 in mainland areas and 16 in islands). Brazil is the country with the highest number of studies (N = 33). In general, several species were considered as EIs in a given study, not only a single. The use of Pteridophytes in these works was classified in seven different types: a) classification of vegetation, soils, environments, and ecosystems (N = 65), b) environmental integrity (or quality) (N = 21), c) disturbance (N = 17), d) regeneration/restoration of habitats and/or ecosystems (N = 10), e) climate changes (N = 10), f) contamination of air, soil, or water (N = 14), and g) association with other groups of organisms (N = 12). The vast majority of these studies merely hypothesized the potential use of the Pteridophytes as EIs, with few presenting helpful criteria for the selection of EIs. Although there is an increasing recognition of the potential use of Pteridophytes as EIs, a more in-depth discussion about the criteria for selecting Pteridophytes as indicators and the real uses of such plants is needed.

scholarly journals CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY IN BARLEY. XI. THE msm2 CYTOPLASM

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
H Ahokas
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Restorer Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Restoration Ability ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT A new cytoplasmic male sterility in barley (Hordeum vulgare s.l.) is described and designated as msm2. The cytoplasm was derived from a selection of the wild progenitor of barley (H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum). This selection, 79BS14-3, originates from the Southern Coastal Plain of Israel. The selection 79BS14-3 has a normal spike fertility in Finland. When 79BS14-3 was crossed by cv. Adorra, the F1 displayed partial male fertility and progeny of recurrent backcrosses with cv. Adorra were completely male sterile. Evidently 79BS14-3 is a carrier of a recessive or semidominant restorer gene of fertility. The dominant restorer gene Rfm1a for another cytoplasmic male sterility, msm1, is also effective in msm2 cytoplasm. The different partial fertility restoration properties of msm2 and msm1 cause these cytoplasms to be regarded as being distinct. Seventy spontaneum accessions from Israel have been studied for their capacity to produce F1 restoration of male fertility both in msm1 and in msm2 cytoplasms with a cv. Adorra-like seed parent (nuclear gene) background. The msm2 cytoplasm shows partial restoration more commonly than msm1 in these F1 combinations. The mean restoration percentage per accession for msm2 is 28, and for msm1 4. Most of the F1 seed set differences of the two cytoplasms are statistically significant. When estimated with partially restored F1 combinations, msm2 cytoplasm appeared to be about 50 times more sensitive to the male fertility-promoting genes present in the spontaneum accessions. The spontaneum sample from Central and Western Negev, which has been found to be devoid of restoration ability in msm1 cytoplasm, had only low partial restoration ability in msm2 (mean 0.3%). The female fertility of msm2 appears normal. The new msm2 cytoplasm could be useful in producing hybrid barley.

Male sterility induction of sorghum using chemical hybridizing agent TFMSA, trifluoromethanesulfonamide

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1102-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
George L. Hodnett ◽  
William L. Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Genetic Male Sterility ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Chemical Hybridizing Agent

In sorghum, male sterility has been induced mainly using mechanical and genetic means with minimal use of chemical methods. Mechanical sterility induction is limited to producing small quantities of seed and genetic male sterility is limited to specific germplasm. An effective chemical hybridizing agent could be used to produce large amounts of seed and would not be limited by genotypes. The chemical trifluoromethanesulfonamide (TFMSA) was evaluated as a male gametocide in sorghum. In greenhouse conditions, TFMSA induced varying degrees of male sterility contingent on the dosage, timing of application, and sorghum genotype. If applied at or after the flag leaf emergence, panicles were male fertile but male sterile when applied at least 2 d before the flag leaf emerged. In terms of dosage, 2 mg of TFMSA rendered a BTx623 male sterile if applied 2–6 d prior to flag leaf emergence. However, 30 mg of TFMSA applied as much as 34 d before the flag leaf emerged also induced complete sterility of the panicle. There may be a genotypic effect as less TFMSA was necessary to induce complete male sterility in BTx623 than in BTxArg-1. No phytotoxic effects or reductions in female fertility were observed in dosages of TFMSA up to 40 mg. Germination of hybrid seed made on treated plants was equal to that of the parents and the hybrid seedlings were phenotypically normal. The results indicate that male sterility can be induced effectively in sorghum using TFMSA at appropriate dosages and application timings.

GENETIC MALE STERILITY IN RAPE (Brassica napus L.) CONDITIONED BY INTERACTION OF GENES AT TWO LOCI

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
LI ◽  
Y. QIAN ◽  
Z. WU ◽  
B. R. STEFANSSON
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Genetic Male Sterility ◽  
Generation Hybrid ◽  
Research Institute

Genetic male sterility (GMS) discovered in the rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivar, No.23, is conditioned by genes at two loci. The genes were designated as Ms1 and Ms2. Plants homozygous or heterozygous for the dominant Ms1 allele (Ms1Ms1 or Ms1ms1) and homozygous for the recessive ms2 allele (ms2ms2) were sterile while plants homozygous or heterozygous for the dominant Ms2 allele were fertile regardless of the alleles present at the Ms1 locus. The double recessive was also fertile. This indicates dominance epistasis at the Ms2 locus over the Ms1 locus. This GMS system can be used to produce first generation hybrid rape if the required genotypes have been isolaed. Pollination of the homozygous male sterile, Ms1Ms1ms2ms2 with the pollen from the double recessive fertile, ms1ms1ms2 ms2 will produce a generation of sterile plants. These sterile plants (Ms1ms1ms2ms2) when pollinated with pollen from genotypes homozygous for the Ms2 allele (Ms2Ms2), will produce a generation of fertile plants. The various genotypes which can be isolated from this GMS system are being used to develop hybrid rape at the Research Institute of the Shanghai Academy of Sciences.Key words: Rape, genetic male sterility, hybrids, Brassica napus

Characterisation of an environmentally induced genic male sterile line of indica rice (Oryza sativa spp. Indica)

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Haohua He ◽  
Changlan Zhu ◽  
Wenxin Huang ◽  
Guoyou Ye
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line ◽  
Line System ◽  
Flowering Duration ◽  
Stigma Exsertion

Environmentally induced genic male sterility has been successfully used in a 2-line system to produce hybrid rice, with the potential to further increase yield. Elite sterile lines need to be developed for a target production environment to successfully use this novel male sterility system. In this study, a new male sterile line, B06S, identified by Jiangxi Agricultural University, China, was characterised for its flowering characteristics, male fertility behaviour, and the inheritance of male sterility. Flowering characteristics were observed in a sterility-inducing season in Nanchang, China. Compared with the typical fertile cultivars Gui99 and Zhongfu906, B06S started flowering at about the same time, had a slightly longer plant flowering duration (18 days) and a similar panicle flowering duration (6 days), and took longer (6 days) to reach 90% flowering spikelets. Also, at the day of peak flowering, B06S started flowering about 2 h earlier and had an earlier peak flowering time (10.00 am), and the percentage of spikelets flowering before noon was slightly lower (83.8%). Spikelet flowering of B06S lasted 5 h, which was more than 2 h longer than the existing sterile lines. Although B06S showed similar openness to other typical sterile lines (PA64S and 595S), it had a higher stigma exsertion rate (82.5%), larger stigma area (0.92 mm2), and longer stigma viability (4 days). Both pollen and spikelet were completely sterile for more than 75 consecutive days when the environmental temperature was above 24°C, otherwise they would have been fertile. Fertility was slightly influenced by photoperiod. Increased fertility was induced when photoperiod was shorter than 11 h per day. Genetic analysis using the F2 and BC1 populations of 6 crosses indicated that male sterility of B06S was predominantly controlled by a recessive major gene. B065S can be grown in large quantity in the winter nursery in Hainan Island, China. A number of crosses combinations between B065S and indica cultivars had significantly higher yield than the best widely grown hybrids in Jiangxi and other parts of China with similar climates. The best early maturing (B06S × 458) and late maturing (B06S × Gui99) hybrids had 8.9 and 10.3% higher yield than the best currently used hybrids (Jinyou402 and Jinyiugui99, respectively), and will be released in 2007.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document