Tuber shape and eye depth variation in a diploid family of Andean potatoes

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world. The genome of this potato species is autotetraploid and has a high level of heterozygosity, also this potato species is a cross-pollinated plant. These characteristics complicate the genetic analysis and breeding process. The tuber’s eye depth is an important trait that affects the suitability of potato varieties for processing. Potato breeding for this trait is based on phenotypic assessment. Identification of the loci that control tuber eye depth would allow diagnostic markers for the marker-assisted selection to be created. The aim of this study is to search for loci associated with the eye depth by analyzing Solanum tuberosum varieties from the GenAgro collection of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, genotyped using the Illumina 22K SNP potato array DNA chip. The 24 significant markers associated with the “eye depth” trait were identified using 15,214 SNP markers genotyped with the Illumina 22K SNP potato array chip and the general linear model (GLM) taking into account the population structure. Data obtained showed the presence of SNPs in four genomic regions: on chromosome 4 (1 marker in the 3.92 Mb area), 5 (1 marker in the 4.67 Mb area) and 10 (1 marker in the 4.87 Mb area and 21 markers in the region between 48.1–48.9 Mb). The results of localization in the region 48.1–48.9 Mb of chromosome 10 correspond to previously published studies, the remaining three regions were detected for the first time. DNA sections containing SNPs linked to the tuber’s eye depth were studied in the SolTub_3.0 potato genome assembly (https:// plants.ensembl.org/). KASP markers were developed based on the data obtained. It will be possible to screen the breeding material and to breed the varieties more effectively using current markers associated with a shallow tuber’s eye depth.

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Biometric sexual and ontogenetic dimorphism on the marine catfish Genidens genidens (Siluriformes, Ariidae) in a tropical estuary

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research ◽

10.3856/vol43-issue5-fulltext-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 895-903

Author(s):

Larissa G. Paiva ◽

Luana Prestrelo ◽

Kiani M. Sant'Anna ◽

Marcelo Vianna

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Morphological Difference ◽

Body Measurements ◽

Guanabara Bay ◽

Sex Dimorphism ◽

Total Length ◽

Maturity Stages ◽

Males And Females ◽

Adipose Fin ◽

Eye Depth

This paper aims to study the ontogenetic sexual dimorphism of Genidens genidens in Guanabara Bay, southeastern coast of Brazil. Altogether 378 specimens were anayzed (233 females and 145 males) with total length ranging from 13.3 to 43.5 cm. Specimens were measured for 12 body measurements, sex was identified and maturity stages were recorded and classified. Pearson’s linear correlation reveled a significant positive correlation between total length and all other body measures, except for base adipose fin, mouth depth and eye depth for immature females. Analyses nested PERMANOVA desing showed significant differences between maturity stages for each sex, between sexes considering or not maturity stages, indicating a variation in morphometric characteristics driven by sexual dimorphism. Differences among all maturity stages were also found, indicating an ontogenetic morphological difference. But immature individuals didn’t differ between sexes indicating that differentiation patterns starts with sexual development. The most important measures differing males and females were related to head characteristics, which appears to be key parameters to evaluate sexual differences. Due to male incubation of fertilized eggs and juvenile individuals <59 mm in their oral cavity, head measures are proposed to be sex dimorphism not related to reproduction, but with post reproductive fase due to ecological and biological needs. [L1]Modificated as suggested by Reviewer E.

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Native Andean potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.): Phytonutrients in Peel, Pulp and Potato Cooking Water

Asian Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.3923/ajsr.2020.44.49 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

Carmen Rojas-Padi ◽

Victor Vasquez-Vi ◽

Viviano Ninaquispe ◽

Julio Cesar Rojas-Nacc ◽

Nelson Rios-Campo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Cooking Water ◽

Andean Potatoes

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Aerosol Optical Depth Variation During a Recent Dust Event in North India

Environmental Pollution - Water Science and Technology Library ◽

10.1007/978-981-10-5792-2_44 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 567-571

Author(s):

Manu Mehta ◽

Vaishali Sharma ◽

Gaurav Jyoti Doley

Keyword(s):

Aerosol Optical Depth ◽

Optical Depth ◽

North India ◽

Dust Event ◽

Depth Variation

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Experimental Investigation of Laser Surface Transformation Hardening of 4340 Steel Spur Gears

Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing ◽

10.3390/jmmp3030072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 72 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Borki ◽

El Ouafi ◽

Chebak

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Laser Power ◽

Laser Surface ◽

Hardness Profile ◽

Spur Gears ◽

Depth Variation ◽

Profile Shape ◽

4340 Steel ◽

Surface Transformation

This paper presents an experimental investigation of laser surface transformation hardening (LSTH) of 4340 steel spur gears using regression analysis. The experimental work is focused on the effects of various LSTH parameters on the hardness profile shape and the hardened depth variation. The investigations are based on a structured design of experiments and improved statistical analysis tools. The experimentations are carried out on AISI 4340 steel spur gears using a commercial 3 kW Nd:YAG laser system. Laser power, scanning speed, and rotation speed are used as process parameters to evaluate the variation of the hardened depth and to identify the possible relationship between the process parameters and the hardened zone physical and geometrical characteristics. Based on the experimental data and analysis of variance, the direct and interactive contributions of the process parameters on the variation of the hardness profile shape and the hardened depth are analyzed. The main effects and the interaction effects are also evaluated. The results reveal that all the process parameters are relevant. The cumulative contribution of the three parameters in the hardened depth variation represents more than 80% with a clear predominance of laser power. The contribution of the interactions between the parameters represents 12% to 16%. The resulting hardness values are relatively similar for all the experimental tests with about 60 HRC. The evaluation of the produced regression models for hardened depth prediction shows limited performance suggesting that the predictive modeling process can be improved.

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