scholarly journals Characterization of chromosome constitution in three wheat - Thinopyrum intermedium amphiploids revealed frequent rearrangement of alien and wheat chromosomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Cui ◽  
Piyi Xing ◽  
Xiaolei Qi ◽  
Yinguang Bao ◽  
Honggang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

Abstract Background Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6x = 42) is an important wild perennial Triticeae species exhibiting many potentially favorable traits for wheat improvement. Wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids serve as a bridge to transfer desirable genes from Th. intermedium into common wheat. Results Three octoploid Trititrigia accessions (TE261–1, TE266–1, and TE346–1) with good resistances to stripe rust, powdery mildew and aphids were selected from hybrid progenies between Th. intermedium and the common wheat variety ‘Yannong 15’ (YN15). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and multicolor GISH (McGISH) analyses demonstrated that the three octoploid Trititrigia possess 42 wheat chromosomes and 14 Th. intermedium chromosomes. The 14 alien (Th. intermedium) chromosomes belong to a mixed genome consisting of J-, JS- and St-genome chromosomes rather than a single J, JS or St genome. Different types of chromosomal structural variation were also detected in the 1A, 6A, 6B, 2D and 7D chromosomes via FISH, McGISH and molecular marker analysis. The identity of the alien chromosomes and the variationes in the wheat chromosomes in the three Trititrigia octoploids were also different. Conclusions The wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids possess 14 alien chromosomes which belong to a mixed genome consisting of J-, JS- and St- chromosomes, and 42 wheat chromosomes with different structural variations. These accessions could be used as genetic resources in wheat breeding for the transfer of disease and pest resistance genes from Th. intermedium to common wheat.

scholarly journals Characterization of Chromosome Constitution in Three Wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium Amphiploids Revealed Frequent Rearrangement of Alien and Wheat Chromosomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Cui ◽  
Piyi Xing ◽  
Xiaolei Qi ◽  
Yinguang Bao ◽  
Honggang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis ◽  
Partial Amphiploids ◽  
Common Wheat Variety

Abstract Background: Thinopyrum intermedium (2n=6x=42) is an important wild perennial Triticeae species exhibiting many potentially favorable traits for wheat improvement. Wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids serve as a bridge to transfer desirable genes from Th. intermedium into common wheat. Results: Three octoploid Trititrigia accessions (TE261-1, TE266-1, and TE346-1) with good resistances to stripe rust, powdery mildew and aphids were selected from hybrid progenies between Th. intermedium and the common wheat variety ‘Yannong 15’ (YN15). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and multicolor GISH (McGISH) analyses demonstrated that the three octoploid Trititrigia possess 42 wheat chromosomes and 14 Th. intermedium chromosomes. The 14 alien (Th. intermedium) chromosomes belong to a mixed genome consisting of J-, JS- and St-genome chromosomes rather than a single J, JS or St genome. Different types of chromosomal structural variation were also detected in the 1A, 6A, 6B, 2D and 7D chromosomes via FISH, McGISH and molecular marker analysis. The identity of the alien chromosomes and the variationes in the wheat chromosomes in the three Trititrigia octoploids were also different. Conclusions: The wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids possess 14 alien chromosomes which belong to a mixed genome consisting of J-, JS- and St- chromosomes, and 42 wheat chromosomes with different structural variations. These accessions could be used as genetic resources in wheat breeding for the transfer of pest resistance genes from Th. intermedium to common wheat.

Generation and molecular marker and cytological characterization of wheat – Secale strictum subsp. anatolicum derivatives

Genome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Chongmei Dong ◽  
Jianbo Li ◽  
Smriti Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Cereal Rye ◽  
Monosomic Additions ◽  
Cytogenetic Characterization ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis

Cereal rye and its wild forms are important sources of genetic diversity for wheat breeding due to their resistances to biotic and abiotic stresses. Secale strictum subsp. anatolicum (Boiss.) K. Hammer (SSA) is a weedy relative of cultivated rye, S. cereale. Meiotic chromosome pairing in F1 hybrids of SSA and S. cereale reveals strong genomic affinity between the two genomes. A study of the transferability of S. cereale sequence-based markers to SSA and hexaploid triticale demonstrated their applicability for tracing SSA chromatin in wheat. The transferability of the markers was over 80% from homoeologous groups 1, 2, and 3, and greater than 70% from groups 4 to 7. This study focused on the generation and molecular and cytogenetic characterization of wheat–SSA alien derivatives. Twelve were identified using combinations of non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH), genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and molecular marker analysis. All SSA chromosomes, except 3Ra and 6Ra, were transferred to wheat either in the form of monosomic additions (MA), mono-telosomic additions (MtA), double-mono-telosomic additions (dMtA), or double-monosomic additions (dMA). The germplasm developed in this study will help to enhance the genetic base of wheat and facilitate molecular breeding of wheat and triticale.

Characterization of wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids by meiotic analysis and genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fedak ◽  
Qin Chen ◽  
Robert L. Conner ◽  
André Laroche ◽  
René Petroski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

scholarly journals Characterization of Chromosomal Rearrangement in New Wheat—Thinopyrum intermedium Addition Lines Carrying Thinopyrum—Specific Grain Hardness Genes

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Yu ◽  
Hongjin Wang ◽  
Yunfang Xu ◽  
Yongshang Li ◽  
Tao Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Chromosome Rearrangement ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

The wild species, Thinopyrum intermedium. (Genome StStJSJSJJ), serves as a valuable germplasm resource providing novel genes for wheat improvement. In the current study, non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) with multiple probes and comparative molecular markers were applied to characterize two wheat-Th. intermedium chromosome additions. Sequential ND-FISH with new labeled Th. intermedium specific oligo-probes were used to precisely determine the chromosomal constitution of Th. intermedium, wheat—Th. intermedium partial amphiploids and addition lines Hy36 and Hy37. The ND-FISH results showed that the added JS-St translocated chromosomes in Hy36 had minor Oligo-5S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) signals at the short arm, while a pair of J-St chromosomes in Hy37 had major Oligo-pTa71 and minor Oligo-5S rDNA signals. The 90K SNP array and PCR-based molecular markers that mapped on wheat linkage group 5 and 3 facilitated the identification of Thinopyrum chromosome introgressions in the addition lines, and confirmed that added chromosomes in Hy36 and Hy37 were 5JSS.3StS and 5JS.3StS, respectively. Complete coding sequences at the paralogous puroindoline-a (Pina) loci from Th. intermedium were cloned and localized on the short arm of chromosome 5JS of Hy36. Line Hy36 showed a reduction in the hardness index, which suggested that Th. intermedium-specific Pina gene sequences may be associated with the softness trait in wheat background. The molecular cytogenetic identification of novel wheat—Th. intermedium derivatives indicated that the frequent chromosome rearrangement occurred in the progenies of wheat-Thinopyrum hybridization. The new wheat-Thinopyrum derived lines may increase the genetic diversity for wheat breeding.

Identification of chromosomes in Thinopyrum intermedium and wheat Th. intermedium amphiploids based on multiplex oligonucleotide probes

Genome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Cui ◽  
Yanping Zhang ◽  
Juan Qi ◽  
Honggang Wang ◽  
Richard R.-C. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Chromosome Identification ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cytogenetic Technique

Synthesized oligonucleotides (oligos) can be used as effective probes similar to plasmid clones for chromosome identification in fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, making oligo FISH a simpler and more efficient molecular cytogenetic technique for studying plants. In this study, multiplex oligonucleotide probes, including pSc119.2-1, pAs1-4, (GAA)10, (AAC)6, and pTa71, were combined and used in FISH to identify chromosomes in common wheat, Thinopyrum intermedium, and a wheat – Th. intermedium amphiploid TE256-1. In comparison with general FISH probes, signals generated by the multiplex probes were more abundant, colorful, and characteristic. Combining the results of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) with FISH, Th. intermedium chromosomes and alien chromosomes in TE256-1 could be classified and identified more precisely, especially the J- and Js-genome chromosomes. Moreover, based on the FISH results using multiplex probes, more structural variations in wheat chromosomes of TE256-1 were detected. The results indicated that multiplex oligo probes would have a wide range of application prospects in the creation and identification of wheat – Th. intermedium germplasms.

Characterization of wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids by meiotic analysis and genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fedak ◽  
Qin Chen ◽  
Robert L Conner ◽  
André Laroche ◽  
René Petroski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Genomic Constitution ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Partial Amphiploid ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

A combination of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and meiotic pairing analysis of wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids was employed to identify the genomic constitution and relationships between partial amphiploids derived from wheat and wheatgrass crosses. On the basis of similarities in the meiotic behavior and GISH patterns, the alien chromosomes of two of eight partial amphiploids, TAF46 and 'Otrastayuskaya 38', were judged to originate from Th. intermedium, whereas Th. ponticum was one of the parents of the other six partial amphiploids; PWM706, PWM206, PWM209, PWMIII, OK7211542, and Ag-wheat hybrid. Each of these partial amphiploids was found to contain a synthetic alien genome composed of different combinations of St-, J-, or Js-genome chromosomes. For relatedness of partial amphiploid lines, meiotic analysis of F1 hybrids and GISH results were generally complementary, but the latter offered greater precision in identifying constituent genomes.Key words: wheat, Thinopyrum, partial amphiploids, GISH, meiotic analysis.

Genetic diversity of Asian and European common wheat lines assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Yang ◽  
Binwen Tan ◽  
Yulu Yang ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Wheat Lines

Understanding the genetic diversity of wheat is important for wheat breeding and improvement. However, there have been limited attempts to evaluate wheat diversity using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In this study, the chromosomal structures of 149 wheat accessions from 13 countries located between the latitudes of 30° and 45°N, the principal growing region for wheat, were characterized using FISH with pTa535 and pSc119.2 probes. The ranges of the numbers of FISH types in the A-, B-, and D-genomes were 2–8, 3–7, and 2–4, respectively, and the average numbers in the A- and B-genomes were greater than in the D-genome. Chromosomal translocations were detected by these probes, and previously undescribed translocations were also observed. Using the FISH, the genetic relationships among the 149 common wheat lines were divided into three groups (G1, G2, and G3). G1 mainly consisted of Southern European lines, G2 consisted of most lines from Japan and some lines from Western Asia, China, and Korea, and G3 consisted of the other lines from Southern Europe and most of the lines from Western Asia, China, and Korea. FISH karyotypes of wheat chromosomes distinguished chromosomal structural variations, revealed the genetic diversity among wheat varieties. Furthermore, these results provide valuable information for the further genetic improvement of wheat in China.

Characterization of genomes and chromosomes in partial amphiploids of the hybrid Triticum aestivum × Thinopyrum ponticum by in situ hybridization, isozyme analysis, and RAPD

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyong Zhang ◽  
Yushen Dong ◽  
Richard R.-C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Thinopyrum Ponticum ◽  
Genome Recombination ◽  
Partial Amphiploid ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and Southern hybridization of genome-specific RAPD markers were used to demonstrate that the E genome (including Ee and Eb from Thinopyrum elongatum and Thinopyrum bessarabicum, respectively) and the St genome (from Pseudoroegneria species) were the two basic genomes in Thinopyrum ponticum. GISH also revealed that the centromeric region may be the critical area that discriminates the St genome from the E genome in Th. ponticum. Of the seven partial amphiploids isolated from backcrossed progenies of Triticum aestivum × Thinopyrum ponticum hybrids, two (lines 693 and 7631) have eight pairs of chromosomes from the Ee and (or) Eb genomes. Four partial amphiploids (lines 784, 68, 7430, and 40767-1) have an incomplete St genome, i.e., six pairs of chromosomes of St and one pair of chromosomes from Ee or Eb. In a heptaploid individual of the partial amphiploid 40767-2, there were four pairs of St chromosomes, one pair of St/1B Robertsonian translocation chromosomes, one pair of St/E translocation chromosomes, and one pair of Ee or Eb chromosomes. The isoelectric focusing of Est-5, Est-4, β-Amy-1, α-Amy-1, and α-Amy-2 and the RAPD data generated with 24 decamer primers on five partial amphiploids (lines 784, 693, 7631, 68, and 7430) indicated that lines 693 and 7631 had identical genomes from Th. ponticum. The partial amphiploid 784 probably had a set of chromosomes completely different from those of 693 and 7631. These results indicate that genome recombination usually occurred during the formation of new polyploid lines. Key words : Thinopyrum ponticum, wheat, partial amphiploid, GISH, isozyme, RAPD.

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