scholarly journals Prenatal pet keeping and caregiver-reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder through preadolescence in a United States birth cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Cassidy-Bushrow ◽  
Alexandra R. Sitarik ◽  
Tisa M. Johnson-Hooper ◽  
Jannel M. Phillips ◽  
Kyra Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Wayne County ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract Background While the keeping of pets has been shown to protect against childhood allergic disease and obesity, less is known regarding potential associations of prenatal pet keeping and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We sought to examine the associations between prenatal dog or cat keeping with caregiver-reported ADHD in preadolescents in the Wayne County Health, Environment, Allergy and Asthma Longitudinal Study (WHEALS) birth cohort (N = 1258). Methods At an interview with the caregiver at child age 10–12 years, caregivers reported if the WHEALS child had ever been diagnosed with ADHD. Similarly, during an interview with the mother prenatally, pet keeping (defined as dog or cat kept inside ≥1 h/day) was ascertained. Logistic regression models were fit to examine the association of prenatal pet keeping (dog keeping and cat keeping, separately) with ADHD. Results A subset of 627 children were included in the analyses: 93 who had ADHD and 534 with neurotypical development. After accounting for confounders and loss to follow-up, maternal prenatal dog exposure was associated with 2.23 times (95% CI: 1.15, 4.31; p = 0.017) greater odds of ADHD among boys. Prenatal dog keeping was not statistically significantly associated with ADHD in girls (odds ratio = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.06, 1.12; p = 0.070). Prenatal cat keeping was not associated with ADHD. Conclusions In boys, but not girls, maternal prenatal dog keeping was positively associated with ADHD. Further study to confirm these findings and to identify potential mechanisms of this association (e.g., modification of the gut microbiome, exposure to environmental toxicants or pet-related medications) is needed.

scholarly journals Prenatal IgE as a Risk Factor for the Development of Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Straughen ◽  
Alexandra R. Sitarik ◽  
Christine Cole Johnson ◽  
Ganesa Wegienka ◽  
Dennis R. Ownby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Wayne County ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Chart Abstraction ◽  
Risk Ratios

Background: Few studies have examined if maternal allergic disease is associated with an offspring's neurodevelopment. We hypothesized that Th-2 biased maternal immune function assessed as total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E is associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods: Data are from the Wayne County Health, Environment, Allergy, and Asthma Longitudinal Study (WHEALS), a racially and socioeconomically diverse birth cohort in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan. Maternal total IgE was measured prenatally and at 1-month postpartum. Child total IgE was assessed at birth, 6 months, and 2 years of age. ADHD diagnosis was based on the parental report at the 10–12-year study visits or medical chart abstraction. Total IgE was log2 transformed. Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to calculate the risk ratios (RR). Inverse probability weighting was used to correct for potential bias due to a loss to follow-up and non-response.Results: Of the 636 maternal-child pairs in the analysis, 513 children were neurotypical and 123 had ADHD. Maternal prenatal total IgE was significantly associated with ADHD even after adjustment for potential confounders (RR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.03–1.13). Maternal and child IgE measures were positively and significantly correlated, but child total IgE was not associated with ADHD at any time point.Conclusions: Maternal prenatal IgE may influence neurodevelopment, but additional studies are needed to confirm and expand these findings.

Classical and Bayesian Estimation in the Logistic Regression Model Applied to Diagnosis of Child Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Gordóvil-Merino ◽  
Joan Guàrdia-Olmos ◽  
Maribel Peró-Cebollero ◽  
Emilia I. de la Fuente-Solanas
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Girls With Adhd

The limitations inherent to classical estimation of the logistic regression models are known. The Bayesian approach in statistical analysis is an alternative to be considered, given that it makes it possible to introduce prior information about the phenomenon under study. The aim of the present work is to analyze binary and multinomial logistic regression simple models estimated by means of a Bayesian approach in comparison to classical estimation. To that effect, Child Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) clinical data were analyzed. The sample included 286 participants of 6–12 years (78% boys, 22% girls) with ADHD positive diagnosis in 86.7% of the cases. The results show a reduction of standard errors associated to the coefficients obtained from the Bayesian analysis, thus bringing a greater stability to the coefficients. Complex models where parameter estimation may be easily compromised could benefit from this advantage.

Parental happiness and strain among young adult parents diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiannon A Kroeger
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Disorder Potential ◽  
Feeling Overwhelmed

This study used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine whether young adult parents diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder experience less parental happiness and/or more parental strain than their counterparts not diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Results from logistic regression models indicated that young adult parents ever diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder have significantly greater odds of feeling overwhelmed as parents and significantly lower odds of feeling close to their children or happy in their role as parents compared to those never diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Potential implications of these results for scholars as well as health professionals treating adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder patients with children are discussed.

Visual attention in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder before and after stimulant treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (15) ◽  
pp. 2617-2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Marie Low ◽  
Signe Vangkilde ◽  
Julijana le Sommer ◽  
Birgitte Fagerlund ◽  
Birte Glenthøj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Visual Processing Speed ◽  
Adhd Symptomatology

AbstractBackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which frequently persists into adulthood. The primary goal of the current study was to (a) investigate attentional functions of stimulant medication-naïve adults with ADHD, and (b) investigate the effects of 6 weeks of methylphenidate treatment on these functions.MethodsThe study was a prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded, 6-week follow-up design with 42 stimulant medication-naïve adult patients with ADHD, and 42 age and parental education-matched healthy controls. Assessments included measures of visual attention, based on Bundesen's Theory of Visual Attention (TVA), which yields five precise measures of aspects of visual attention; general psychopathology; ADHD symptoms; dyslexia screening; and estimates of IQ.ResultsAt baseline, significant differences were found between patients and controls on three attentional parameters: visual short-term memory capacity, threshold of conscious perception, and to a lesser extent visual processing speed. Secondary analyses revealed no significant correlations between TVA parameter estimates and severity of ADHD symptomatology. At follow-up, significant improvements were found specifically for visual processing speed; this improvement had a large effect size, and remained when controlling for re-test effects, IQ, and dyslexia screen performance. There were no significant correlations between changes in visual processing speed and changes in ADHD symptomatology.ConclusionsADHD in adults may be associated with deficits in three distinct aspects of visual attention. Improvements after 6 weeks of medication are seen specifically in visual processing speed, which could represent an improvement in alertness. Clinical symptoms and visual attentional deficits may represent separate aspects of ADHD in adults.

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