Tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a fifteen-year retrospective study in Jos-North and Mangu, Plateau State, North - Central Nigeria

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) disease is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally. Medication adherence will be more valuable if it improves clinical/treatment outcomes of the patient because treatment outcomes are major indicators for evaluating TB therapy. Objective To examine a fifteen-year record of tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Jos North and Mangu Local Government Areas of Plateau State. Methods The retrospective registry based study was done in five TB treatment centers which account for more than half of data for tuberculosis patients in Plateau State, North-Central Nigeria. Data were collected from 10,156 TB patient’s health records from 2001 to 2015. Treatment outcomes were classified as successful (cured, treatment completed) or unsuccessful (non-adherent, treatment failure or death). Analysis was done descriptively and factors associated with treatment outcomes were determined using multiple logistic regression with the aid of Stata version 11. Results Males were 58.1% of the population (10,156). Mean age ±SD was 35.5±15.5 years. The overall treatment success rate was 67.4%; non-adherence/defaulting rate was 18.5%, with majority of patients defaulting at the end of intensive phase of treatment; sputum conversion rate was 72.8% and mortality rate was 7.5%. A decrease in successful treatment outcomes from 83.8% to 64.4%, with a corresponding increase in unsuccessful treatment outcomes was observed. After adjusting for sex, and TB category, being HIV positive was 2.8 times (95% CI: 1.11-6.83, p =0.028) more likely to be associated with treatment success than having an unknown status. TALF/RAD, relapse and MDR-TB were less likely associated with treatment success than newly diagnosed TB patients Conclusion Underlying reasons for medication non-adherence and treatment failure identified should be resolved by the patient, treatment supporter and health system through adherence counseling, increased education on voluntary counseling and testing of HIV among TB patients. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Treatment Outcomes, Retrospective Study, Nigeria

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TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT OUTCOMES: A FIFTEEN YEAR COHORT STUDY IN JOS NORTH AND MANGU, PLATEAU STATE, NORTH - CENTRAL NIGERIA

10.21203/rs.2.11227/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Comfort Nanbam Sariem ◽

Patricia Odumosu ◽

Maxwell Patrick Dapar ◽

Jonah Musa ◽

Luka Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Treatment Failure ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Cause Of Death ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Tuberculosis Treatment ◽

Patient Treatment ◽

North Central ◽

Unsuccessful Treatment ◽

Plateau State

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease with a major global health problem; being the tenth leading cause of death worldwide, and the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. Nigeria is among the countries with high burden of tuberculosis and the highest global mortality rate. Medication adherence has been shown to have profound effect on other treatment outcomes. Objective To examine a fifteen-year cohort of tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Jos North and Mangu Local Government Areas of Plateau State. Methods The study was done in five treatment centers which account for more than half of data for tuberculosis patients in Plateau State, North-Central Nigeria. The retrospective study was done from 2001 to 2015, where TB patient records who had completed treatment were evaluated. Treatment outcomes were classified as successful (cured, treatment completed) or unsuccessful (non-adherent, treatment failure or death) and analyzed using binomial logistic regression. Results Males composed 58.1% of the population (10,156). Mean age ±SD was 35.5±15.5 years. The overall treatment success rate was 67.4%; non-adherence/defaulting rate was 18.5%, with majority of patients defaulting at the end of intensive phase of treatment; sputum conversion rate was 72.8% and mortality rate was 7.5%. A decrease in successful treatment outcomes from 83.8% to 64.4%, with a corresponding increase in unsuccessful treatment outcomes was observed. The Predictors of medication non-adherence were patients with unknown HIV status (OR 4.29, 95% CI: 3.74-4.91, p < 0.001); being male (OR 1.15, CI: 1.37-1.66, p = 0.008) and having a history of non-adherence (OR 2.27, CI: 1.34-3.87, p = 0.002) and treatment failure (OR 2.83, CI: 0.98 – 8.19, p = 0.05). Conclusion Underlying reasons for medication non-adherence and treatment failure identified should be resolved by the patient, treatment supporter and health worker. Increased awareness and education on voluntary counseling and testing of HIV among TB patients is advocated, particularly among the male population.

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Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: A Fifteen Year Retrospective Study in Jos North and Mangu, Plateau State, North – Central Nigeria

10.21203/rs.2.11227/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Comfort Nanbam Sariem ◽

Patricia Odumosu ◽

Maxwell Patrick Dapar ◽

Jonah Musa ◽

Luka Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Failure ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Infectious Agent ◽

Success Rates ◽

North Central ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Tb Treatment ◽

Plateau State

Abstract Background: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. Adherence to TB therapy is an important factor in treatment outcomes, which is a critical indicator for evaluating TB treatment programs. This study assessed TB treatment outcomes using a fifteen-year record of tuberculosis patients who received treatment in Jos North and Mangu Local Government Areas of Plateau State, North-Central Nigeria. Methods: The retrospective facility based study was done in five TB treatment centers which account for more than half of data for tuberculosis patients in Plateau State. Data were collected from 10156 TB patient’s health records between 2001 and 2015. Treatment outcomes were categorized as successful (cured, treatment completed) or unsuccessful (non-adherent, treatment failure or death). A descriptive analysis was done to assess the factors associated with treatment outcomes. Relevant bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were done. All statistical analyses were performed on Stata version 11, College station, Texas, USA.Results: During the study period, 58.1% (5904/10156) of the TB patients who received treatment were males. The Mean age ±SD was 35.5 ±15.5 years. The overall treatment success rate was 67.4%; non-adherence/defaulting rate was 18.5%, with majority of patients defaulting at the end of intensive phase of treatment. The sputum conversion rate was 72.8% and mortality rate was 7.5%. A decrease in successful treatment outcomes rate from 83.8% in 2001 to 64.4% in 2015 was observed. After adjusting for sex, and TB category, being HIV positive was 2.8 times (95% CI: 1.11-6.83, p=0.028) more likely to be associated with treatment success than having an unknown status. Treatment after loss to follow-up, relapse and treatment failure were less likely associated with treatment success than newly diagnosed TB patients.Conclusion: With the decrease in treatment success rates, underlying reasons for medication non-adherence and treatment failure should be resolved through adherence counseling involving the patient and treatment supporters, with education on voluntary counseling and testing for HIV among TB patients.

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Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients and associated factors in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: a retrospective study

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060520984916 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 030006052098491

Author(s):

Bedasa Woldemichael ◽

Jiregna Darega ◽

Nagasa Dida ◽

Tamiru Tesfaye

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Health Workers ◽

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Tuberculosis Treatment ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Southeast Ethiopia ◽

Bale Zone

Objective This study assessed the outcome of tuberculosis treatment and associated factors in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia in 2017. Methods This was 5-year retrospective study of a health registry for tuberculosis patients, which was reviewed from 1 September 2011 to 30 August 2016. Data were analyzed, and descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors that were associated with tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Results Among the 7205 tuberculosis patients, 6325 (87.8%) had a successful treatment outcome and 880 (12.2%) had an unsuccessful outcome. The age groups ≤14 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.21), 15 to 24 years (AOR=1.61), 25 to 34 years (AOR=1.86), or 35 to 44 years (AOR=1.65); being treated at a hospital (AOR=1.63) or health center (AOR=2.52); pulmonary tuberculosis-positive (AOR=0.80); or extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients (AOR= 0.78) were the factors that were significantly associated with tuberculosis treatment outcome. Conclusions Public health facilities should pay special attention to the identified variables for tuberculosis prevention and control activities, especially focusing on supporting health workers who work at a health post (lowest level of Ethiopia’s three-tiered healthcare system).

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A retrospective study on tuberculosis treatment outcomes at Jinka General Hospital, southern Ethiopia

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-017-3020-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Biniam Wondale ◽

Girmay Medihn ◽

Takele Teklu ◽

Wondmeneh Mersha ◽

Mesfin Tamirat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

General Hospital ◽

Tuberculosis Treatment ◽

Southern Ethiopia

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Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: A Fifteen Year Retrospective Study In Jos North And Mangu, Plateau State, North - Central Nigeria

10.21203/rs.2.11227/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Comfort Nanbam Sariem ◽

Patricia Odumosu ◽

Maxwell Patrick Dapar ◽

Jonah Musa ◽

Luka Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Failure ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Infectious Agent ◽

Success Rates ◽

North Central ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Tb Treatment ◽

Plateau State

Abstract Background: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. Adherence to TB therapy is an important factor in treatment outcomes, which is a critical indicator for evaluating TB treatment programs. This study assessed TB treatment outcomes using a fifteen-year record of tuberculosis patients who received treatment in Jos North and Mangu Local Government Areas of Plateau State Nigeria. Methods: The retrospective facility based study was done in five TB treatment centers which account for more than half of data for tuberculosis patients in Plateau State, North-Central Nigeria. Data were collected from 10156 TB patient’s health records between 2001 and 2015. Treatment outcomes were categorized as successful (cured, treatment completed) or unsuccessful (non-adherent, treatment failure or death). A descriptive analysis was done to assess the factors associated with treatment outcomes. Relevant bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were done. All statistical analyses were performed on Stata version 11, College station, Texas, USA.Results: During the study period, 58.1% (5904/10156) of the TB patients who received treatment were males. The Mean age ±SD was 35.5±15.5 years. The overall treatment success rate was 67.4%; non-adherence/defaulting rate was 18.5%, with majority of patients defaulting at the end of intensive phase of treatment. The sputum conversion rate was 72.8% and mortality rate was 7.5%. A decrease in successful treatment outcomes rate from 83.8% in 2001 to 64.4% in 2015 was observed. After adjusting for sex, and TB category, being HIV positive was 2.8 times (95% CI: 1.11-6.83, p=0.028) more likely to be associated with treatment success than having an unknown status. Treatment after loss to follow-up, relapse and treatment failure were less likely associated with treatment success than newly diagnosed TB patients.Conclusion: With the decrease in treatment success rates, underlying reasons for medication non-adherence and treatment failure should be resolved through adherence counseling involving the patient and treatment supporters, with education on voluntary counseling and testing for HIV among TB patients.

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