scholarly journals Determinants of adverse birth outcome in Sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of recent demographic and health surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koku Sisay Tamirat ◽  
Malede Mequanent Sisay ◽  
Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema ◽  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Healthcare Decision ◽  
Healthcare Decision Making ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background More than 75% of neonatal deaths occurred in the first weeks of life as a result of adverse birth outcomes. Low birth weight, preterm births are associated with a variety of acute and long-term complications. In Sub-Saharan Africa, there is insufficient evidence of adverse birth outcomes. Hence, this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence and determinants of adverse birth outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa. Method Data of this study were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of ten Sub-African (SSA) countries. A total of 76,853 children born five years preceding the survey were included in the final analysis. A Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) were fitted and an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was computed to declare statistically significant determinants of adverse birth outcomes. Result The pooled prevalence of adverse birth outcomes were 29.7% (95% CI: 29.4 to 30.03). Female child (AOR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.91 0.97), women attended secondary level of education (AOR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.82 0.92), middle (AOR = 0.94,95%CI: 0.90 0.98) and rich socioeconomic status (AOR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.90 0.99), intimate-partner physical violence (beating) (AOR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.14 1.22), big problems of long-distance travel (AOR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.04 1.11), antenatal care follow-ups (AOR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.83 0.86), multiparty (AOR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.84 0.91), twin births (AOR = 2.89, 95%CI: 2.67 3.14), and lack of women involvement in healthcare decision-making process (AOR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.06 1.13) were determinants of adverse birth outcomes. Conclusion This study showed that the magnitude of adverse birth outcomes was high, abnormal baby size and preterm births were the most common adverse birth outcomes. This finding suggests that encouraging antenatal care follow-ups and socio-economic conditions of women are essential. Moreover, special attention should be given to multiple pregnancies, improving healthcare accessibilities to rural areas, and women’s involvement in healthcare decision-making.

scholarly journals Women’s healthcare decision-making capacity and HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country analysis of demographic and health surveys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Joseph Kojo Oduro ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Eugene Budu ◽  
Francis Appiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Healthcare Decision ◽  
Healthcare Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

Abstract Background Global commitment to stop Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and ensure access to HIV treatment calls for women empowerment, as these efforts play major roles in mother-to-child transmission. We explored the association between women’s healthcare decision-making capacity and HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods We used data from the current Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018 in 28 countries in SSA. At the descriptive level, we calculated the prevalence of HIV testing in each of the countries. This was followed by the distribution of HIV testing across the socio-demographic characteristics of women. Finally, we used binary logistic regression to explore the likelihood of HIV testing by women’s health care decision-making capacity and socio-demographic characteristics. The results were presented as Crude Odds Ratios (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals signifying precision. Statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results We found that prevalence of HIV testing in the 28 SSA countries was 64.4%, with Congo DR having the least (20.2%) and the highest occurred in Rwanda (97.4%). Women who took healthcare decisions alone [COR=3.183, CI=2.880-3.519] or with their partners [COR=2.577, CI=2.335-2.844] were more likely to test for HIV, compared to those whose healthcare decisions were taken by others, and this persisted after controlling for significant covariates: [AOR=1.507, CI=1.321-1.720] and [AOR=1.518, CI=1.334-1.728] respectively. Conclusion SSA countries intending to improve HIV testing need to incorporate women’s healthcare decision-making capacity strategies. These strategies can include education and counselling. This is essential because our study indicates that the capacity of women to make healthcare decisions has an association with their decision to test for their HIV status.

scholarly journals Women’s healthcare decision-making capacity and HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country analysis of demographic and health surveys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Joseph Kojo Oduro ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Eugene Budu ◽  
Francis Appiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Healthcare Decision ◽  
Healthcare Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

Abstract Background Global commitment to stop Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and ensure access to HIV treatment calls for women empowerment as these efforts play major roles in mother-to-child transmission. We explored the association between women’s healthcare decision-making capacity and HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods We used data from the current Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018 in 28 countries in SSA. At the descriptive level, we calculated the prevalence of HIV testing in each of the countries. This was followed by the distribution of HIV testing across the socio-demographic characteristics of women. Finally, we used binary logistic regression to explore the likelihood of HIV testing by women’s health care decision-making capacity and socio-demographic characteristics. The results were presented as Crude Odds Ratios (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratios(AOR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals signifying precision. Statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results We found that prevalence of HIV testing in the 28 SSA countries was 64.4%, with Congo DR having the least (20.2%) and the highest occurred in Rwanda (97.4%). Women who took healthcare-decisions alone [COR=3.183, CI=2.880-3.519] or with their partners [COR=2.577, CI=2.335-2.844] were more likely to test for HIV compared to those whose healthcare-decisions were taken by others and this persisted after controlling for significant covariates [AOR=1.507, CI=1.321-1.720] and [AOR=1.518, CI=1.334-1.728], respectively. Conclusion SSA countries intending to improve HIV testing need to incorporate women’s healthcare decision-making capacity strategies. These strategies can include education and counselling. This is essential because our study indicates that the capacity of women to make healthcare decisions has an association with their decision to test for their HIV status.

scholarly journals Women’s healthcare decision-making capacity and HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country analysis of demographic and health surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Joseph Kojo Oduro ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Eugene Budu ◽  
Francis Appiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Healthcare Decision ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Healthcare Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Testing Uptake ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Global commitment to stop Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and ensure access to HIV treatment calls for women empowerment, as these efforts play major roles in mother-to-child transmission. We examined the association between women’s healthcare decision-making capacity and uptake of HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We used data from the current Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 28 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, conducted between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018. At the descriptive level, we calculated the prevalence of HIV testing in each of the countries. This was followed by the distribution of HIV testing across the socio-demographic characteristics of women. Finally, we used binary logistic regression assess the likelihood of HIV testing uptake by women’s health care decision-making capacity and socio-demographic characteristics. The results were presented as Crude Odds Ratios (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals signifying precision. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. Results We found that prevalence of HIV testing uptake in the 28 sub-Saharan African countries was 64.4%, with Congo DR having the least (20.2%) and the highest occurred in Rwanda (97.4%). Women who took healthcare decisions alone [COR = 3.183, CI = 2.880–3.519] or with their partners [COR = 2.577, CI = 2.335–2.844] were more likely to test for HIV, compared to those whose healthcare decisions were taken by others, and this persisted after controlling for significant covariates: [AOR = 1.507, CI = 1.321–1.720] and [AOR = 1.518, CI = 1.334–1.728] respectively. Conclusion Sub-Saharan African countries intending to improve HIV testing need to incorporate women’s healthcare decision-making capacity strategies. These strategies can include education and counselling. This is essential because our study indicates that the capacity of women to make healthcare decisions has an association with decision to test for their HIV status.

scholarly journals Preterm birth and its associated factors among reproductive aged women in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from the recent demographic and health surveys of sub-Sharan African countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfa Sewunet Alamneh ◽  
Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale ◽  
Misganaw Gebrie Worku ◽  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema ◽  
Yigizie Yeshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women ◽  
Ssa Countries

Abstract Background Globally, preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal and under-five children mortality. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) accounts for the majority of preterm birth and death following its complications. Despite this, there is limited evidence about the pooled prevalence and associated factors of preterm birth at SSA level using nation-wide representative large dataset. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence and associated factors of preterm birth among reproductive aged women. Methods The recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs) data of 36 SSA countries were used. We included a total weighted sample of 172,774 reproductive-aged women who were giving birth within five years preceding the most recent survey of SSA countries were included in the analysis. We used a multilevel logistic regression model to identify the associated factors of preterm birth in SSA. We considered a statistical significance at a p-value less than 0.05. Results In this study, 5.33% (95% CI: 5.23, 5.44%) of respondents in SSA had delivered preterm baby. Being form eastern Africa, southern Africa, rural area, being educated, substance use, having multiple pregnancy, currently working history, having history of terminated pregnancy, and previous cesarean section delivery, primi-parity, and short birth interval were associated with higher odds of preterm birth among reproductive aged women. However, having better wealth index, being married, wanted pregnancy, and having four or more antenatal care visit were associated with lower odds for a preterm birth among reproductive aged women. Conclusion The prevalence of preterm birth among reproductive-aged women remains a major public health problem in SSA. Preterm birth was affected by various socio-economic and obstetrical factors. Therefore, it is better to consider the high-risk groups during intervention to prevent the short-term and long-term consequences of preterm birth.

Changing sex differences in undernutrition of African children: findings from Demographic and Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Michel Garenne ◽  
Susan Thurstans ◽  
André Briend ◽  
Carmel Dolan ◽  
Tanya Khara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Growth Charts ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Abstract The study investigates sex differences in the prevalence of undernutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. Undernutrition was defined by Z-scores using the CDC-2000 growth charts. Some 128 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were analysed, totalling 700,114 children under-five. The results revealed a higher susceptibility of boys to undernutrition. Male-to-female ratios of prevalence averaged 1.18 for stunting (height-for-age Z-score <−2.0); 1.01 for wasting (weight-for-height Z-score <−2.0); 1.05 for underweight (weight-for-age Z-score <−2.0); and 1.29 for concurrent wasting and stunting (weight-for-height and height-for-age Z-scores <−2.0). Sex ratios of prevalence varied with age for stunting and concurrent wasting and stunting, with higher values for children age 0–23 months and lower values for children age 24–59 months. Sex ratios of prevalence tended to increase with declining level of mortality for stunting, underweight and concurrent wasting and stunting, but remained stable for wasting. Comparisons were made with other anthropometric reference sets (NCHS-1977 and WHO-2006), and the results were found to differ somewhat from those obtained with CDC-2000. Possible rationales for these patterns are discussed.

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between female genital mutilation/cutting and fistula? A statistical analysis using cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys in 10 sub-Saharan Africa countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e025355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Juma Matanda ◽  
Pooja Sripad ◽  
Charity Ndwiga
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Female Genital Mutilation ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Female Genital

ObjectivesLiterature on associations between female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and fistula points to a common belief that FGM/C predisposes women to developing fistula. This study explores this association using nationally representative survey data.DesignA secondary statistical analysis of cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys was conducted to explore the association between FGM/C and fistula.SettingSub-Saharan Africa.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years in Burkina Faso (n=17 087), Chad (n=17 719), Côte d’Ivoire (n=10 060), Ethiopia (n=14 070), Guinea (n=9142), Kenya (n=31 079), Mali (n=10 424), Nigeria (n=33 385), Senegal (n=15 688) and Sierra Leone (n=16 658).Main outcome measuresFistula symptoms.ResultsMultivariate logit modelling using pooled data from 10 countries showed that the odds of reporting fistula symptoms were 1.5 times (CI 1.06 to 2.21) higher for women whose genitals were cut and sewn closed than those who had undergone other types of FGM/C. Women who attended antenatal care (ANC) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.51, CI 0.36 to 0.71) and those who lived in urban areas (AOR 0.62, CI 0.44 to 0.89) were less likely to report fistula symptoms than those who did not attend ANC or lived in rural areas.ConclusionsSevere forms of FGM/C (infibulation) may predispose women to fistula. Contextual and socioeconomic factors may increase the likelihood of fistula. Multisectoral interventions that concurrently address harmful traditional practices such as FGM/C and other contextual factors that drive the occurrence of fistula are warranted. Promotion of ANC utilisation could be a starting point in the prevention of fistulas.

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