scholarly journals An unusual case of reactivated latent pulmonary cryptococcal infection in a patient after short‐term steroid and azathioprine therapy: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Gang Pan ◽  
Bao-Chung Chen ◽  
Yao-Feng Li ◽  
Rui-Xin Wu ◽  
Ching-Hsun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Nodule ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Myasthenic Crisis ◽  
Pulmonary Cryptococcosis ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Azathioprine Therapy ◽  
Cryptococcal Infection

Abstract Background Cryptococcus is one of the major fungal pathogens infecting the lungs. Pulmonary cryptococcal infection is generally considered a community-acquired condition caused by inhalation of dust contaminated with fungal cells from the environment. Here, we report a case developing pulmonary cryptococcosis 3 months after hospital admission, which has rarely been reported before. Case presentation A 73-year-old female patient who was previously immunocompetent experienced persistent dry cough for 2 weeks, 3 months after admission. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a new solitary pulmonary nodule developed in the upper lobe of the left lung. Staining and culture of expectorated sputum smears were negative for bacteria, acid-fast bacilli, or fungus. The patient then underwent biopsy of the lesion. Histopathology findings and a positive serum cryptococcal antigen titer (1:8) indicated pulmonary cryptococcosis. Daily intravenous 400 mg fluconazole was administered initially followed by oral fluconazole therapy. Follow-up chest CT after 3 months of antifungal therapy showed complete disappearance of the pulmonary nodule. Respiratory symptoms of the patient also resolved. A complete investigation excluded the possibility of a patient-to-patient transmission or primarily acquiring the infection from the hospital environment. Based on the patient’s history of exposure to pigeons before admission and recent steroid and azathioprine use after admission for the treatment of myasthenic crisis, reactivation of a latent pulmonary cryptococcal infection acquired before admission, in this case, is impressed. Conclusions Although rarely reported, pulmonary cryptococcal infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of hospitalized patients with respiratory symptoms, especially in those with predisposing risk factors. Chest image studies and further surgical biopsy are needed for confirmation.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Nodule in a Patient with Oral and Lung Cancer: Cryptococcus Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Yamagata ◽  
Hirano ◽  
Kanno ◽  
Uchida ◽  
Fukuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Pulmonary Cryptococcosis ◽  
Thoracoscopic Resection ◽  
Inferior Lobe ◽  
Primary Lung Tumors ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
The Right

Pulmonary nodules are frequently considered to be a metastatic disease or primary lung tumors in oral cancer patients. We present a case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in a 68-year-old man with oral and lung cancer. This lung cancer was treated with thoracoscopic resection of the right inferior lobe and mediastinal lymph node dissection. Lower gingival cancer was treated with a mandibulectomy, neck dissection, and reconstruction after chemoradiotherapy. A 20 mm cavitary nodule appeared at the left lung S6 one-month after surgery, during post-operative computed tomography. Thoracoscopic partial resection of the left inferior lobe was performed under the suspicion of lung metastasis. Pathology results revealed a pseudo-epithelial granuloma with necrosis and many yeast-shaped fungi with capsules. A pathological diagnosis of Cryptococcus infection was made. The patient was prescribed the antifungal agent fosfluconazole, which was administered intravenously for 1 week and intraoral fluconazole for 12 months. No recurrence of the Cryptococcus infection has been noted after 1.5 years.

scholarly journals An Unusual Case of Dengue Fever with Necrotising Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazeem Fathima ◽  
Balamma Sujatha ◽  
Shami RP Kumar ◽  
S Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Female Child ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Thin Walled

Concurrent bacteremia in patients with dengue fever is rarely reported. Two and a half-year-old female child with fever, cough and cold for six days presented to Emergency Room (ER) with tachypnea, tachycardia and hepatomegaly. Investigations revealed dengue fever. Respiratory symptoms probed us to investigate the case further. High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) thorax showed moderate pleural effusion with collapse consolidation of left lung and a thin walled cavity with septations and fluid in left upper lobe. Child was treated with injection meropenem and vancomycin successfully.

Solitary cavitary pulmonary nodule may be a common CT finding in AIDS-associated pulmonary cryptococcosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiliang Hu ◽  
Chuanjun Xu ◽  
Hongxia Wei ◽  
Yandan Zhong ◽  
Chunqin Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Nodule ◽  
Pulmonary Cryptococcosis ◽  
Ct Finding

Periprosthetic Metastatic Lesion in Stem Region after THA. Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-598
Author(s):  
Janusz Płomiński ◽  
Artur Pepłoński ◽  
Mateusz Jeśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Osteolytic Lesion ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Pyogenic Osteomyelitis

The paper describes a periprosthetic metastatic lesion in the stem region which developed 4 years after cementless total hip arthroplasty in a 64-year-old female patient. The patient underwent primary THA due to osteoarthritis in 2010. In June 2014, she presented with increasing hip pain. Diagnostic imaging revealed a periprosthetic osteolytic lesion in the stem region. The patient was referred to the Orthopaedic Department for further evaluation with a suspicion of pyogenic osteomyelitis. An open surgical biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination indicated metastatic cancer originating from the lungs or thyroid. A PET-CT scan showed a metabolically active tumour in the parahilar area of the left lung with metastases to mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes, left adrenal gland, spleen and right proximal femur. In October 2014, a revision total hip arthroplasty with the use of a modular femoral resection stem was performed. Patient subsequently received oncologic treatment (chemotherapy and radiation therapy).

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 infection in the development of peripheral neuropathies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariana Rodrigues Andrade ◽  
Letícia Mendes de Lima ◽  
Luis Henrique Goes Hamati Rosa ◽  
Edvaldo Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Macrophage Activation Syndrome ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Myasthenic Crisis ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Nerve Paralysis

Introduction: Although respiratory symptoms are the characteristic findings of COVID- 19, this disease may also present with neurological manifestations, since SARS-CoV- 2 showed several degrees of neurotropism. Objectives: To review the influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the development of peripheral neuropathies. Methods: Integrative review carried out at PUBMED with the descriptors peripheral neuropathy, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, and having as inclusion criteria full texts and in English in the period from 11/2019 to 05/2021. The selection has made among those compatible with the objectives of the work. Results: Peripheral neuropathy was observed in less than 1% of patients with COVID-19. The virus can cause acute polyradiculoneuropathy regardless of pulmonary disease, and may occur due to dysregulation of the immune system caused by SARS-CoV-2. Systemic hyper-inflammation with macrophage activation syndrome has been proposed for patients with COVID-19. Such immunomediated manifestations typically occur after the decrease in the acute phase of disease. The most commonly reported symptoms in peripheral nervous system involvement are ageusia, anosmia, diplopia, facial nerve paralysis, polyneuritis, myasthenic crisis, musculoskeletal injuries, and neuralgia. Conclusion: As soon as possible recognition of peripheral neuropathy may result in better clinical goals for patients and understanding these manifestations will contribute to the development of improved treatment. Although only a small percentage of patients with COVID-19 develop peripheral neuropathy, in a pandemic this can have a major impact.

scholarly journals Findings on cryptogenic organizing pneumonia: a case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052092006
Author(s):  
Hui-Ming Yao ◽  
Wei Zuo ◽  
Xiao-Lei Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography

A 70-year-old man presented to our hospital because of a cough with bright red blood for 1 month. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed that there was a patchy, dense shadow below the pleura of the upper lobe of the left lung. This shadow was approximately 2.7 × 2.2 cm in size, with rough edges, adjacent pleural traction, and localized thickening. Percutaneous pulmonary needle biopsy was performed under CT guidance. Morphological features were characterized by multifocal centrilobular distribution of fibromyxoid polyps of granulation tissue in the lumen of distal airspaces and small bronchioles. These findings supported the diagnosis of focal cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. The patient was then treated with ceftazidime and prednisone. After this treatment, the patient visited the clinic and complete resolution of his respiratory symptoms and nearly complete resolution of the mass on chest CT were observed. The findings in our case provide clinical experience to help with the diagnosis of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, which is difficult to diagnose.

Nódulo pulmonar solitario

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
César Nicolás Cristancho Rojas ◽  
Edith García Luna ◽  
Belén Rivera Bravo ◽  
Keren Contreras Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Pulmonary Nodule ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Image Study ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
History Of

63 year old female patient with a clinical picture of 3 months of evolution manifested by dry cough, with no history of smoking. An image study identified left lung injury which was performed biopsy. Key words: Solitary pulmonary nodule; lung cancer; PET / CT; 18FFDG; FDG.

scholarly journals Vertical transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans from a mother coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus: case report

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleusa Castro ◽  
Maria Célia Cervi ◽  
Roberto Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Cryptococcal Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Maternal Fetal Transmission

Disseminated infection with Cryptococcus neoformans was observed in a newborn infant who presented fever and respiratory symptoms since the 52nd day of life. The mother was infected by human immunodeficiency virus and presented pulmonary and meningeal cryptococcal infection. This is a rare case of cryptococcal infection with probable maternal-fetal transmission.

scholarly journals A case study of recurrent hemagiopericytoma of the left lung

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Van Tan ◽  
Van Hung Dung ◽  
Nguyen Van Viet Thanh ◽  
Doan Hung Dung ◽  
Duong Thanh Hai
Keyword(s):  
Left Lung ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Lung Tumour ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
First Case ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Big Cell

Hemangiopericytoma is a rare disease. We report the first case presented with such disease at our hospital. The patient was first diagnosed with is vascular tumour 10 years ago and was discharged without chemotherapy. The patient was recently hospitalised due to tumour recurrence. The patient was Mrs. Tran Thi Kim H, was born in 1970, married, had 4 children, and was a farmer. The patient lived at An thoi Đong, Can Gio district, and was admitted on 26/9/2019 due to a recurrent left lung tumour. The patient suffered from headache and vertigo in the past 2 years and she underwent surgical removal of a lung tumour 10 years ago at Binh Dan Hospital. Physical examination was normal. Laboratory results were within normal range, except a mild anaemia. We had planned to use thoracoscopy but after general anaesthesia, the left lung could not be deflated and therefore the surgery was postponed. A week after, we attempted to use thoracotomy. We observed a tumour that adhered to the thoracic wall and to the left lung. We dissected the adhesion and removed the tumour, haemostasis was achieved by suturing with a Vicryl 3.0 stitch. The surgical incision was closed and a chest drainage was placed. Post-operative follow-up was uneventful and the patient stayed in the hospital for 15 days. Pathological studies: Biopsy with MSCT guidance revealed a diagnosis of undifferentiated non-small cell lung cancer; surgical biopsy showed that this was a lymphocyte with big cell tumour. Finally, the diagnosis of lung hemangiopericytoma was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Whether chemotherapy should be indicated for this patient is being considered. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document