A context where learning a language takes place may be one of many factors influencing the result of the learning. So far, there has been very few, if not at all, a ready-to-use instrument to examine systematically the condition of learning contexts, especially related to English as a foreign language. Therefore, this study intends to develop a self-reported questionnaire for that purpose, named the EFL Learning Context Questionnaire (ELCQ). The instrument was developed in reference to the existing theories and previous related studies. The development process started with writing the draft of the questionnaire in English and then translating into Indonesian language. The next stage would be validation the instrument, including: expert judgement for content validity and to gather constructive feedbacks (i.e. revisions and suggestions), initial piloting for analysing item validity and reliability (N = 64), and final piloting using Factor Analysis to obtain a stable self-reported instrument (N = 692). The validation result showed that the QELC has been proved to be a valid and reliable questionnaire. Since the ELCQ has been validated through some formal stages, it can be assumed that this instrument can be used in EFL contexts, especially in Indonesia. However, because this study took place in only one region, further studies across samples, time and countries are needed to improve the applicability of the ELCQ.
Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate the factors influencing training transfer among nursing professionals
