scholarly journals Resistance status of Anopheles gambiae s.l. to insecticides following the 2011 mass distribution campaign of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in the Plateau Department, south-eastern Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Sovi ◽  
Renaud Govoétchan ◽  
Razaki Ossé ◽  
Come Z. Koukpo ◽  
Albert S. Salako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Mass Distribution Campaign ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.L ◽  
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets ◽  
Distribution Campaign

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a national mass distribution campaign of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying on clinical malaria in Malawi, 2018–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. e005447
Author(s):  
Hillary M Topazian ◽  
Austin Gumbo ◽  
Katerina Brandt ◽  
Michael Kayange ◽  
Jennifer S Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
District Health ◽  
High Transmission ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
Mass Distribution Campaign ◽  
Distribution Campaign

IntroductionMalawi’s malaria burden is primarily assessed via cross-sectional national household surveys. However, malaria is spatially and temporally heterogenous and no analyses have been performed at a subdistrict level throughout the course of a year. The WHO recommends mass distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) every 3 years, but a national longitudinal evaluation has never been conducted in Malawi to determine LLIN effectiveness lifespans.MethodsUsing District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) health facility data, available from January 2018 to June 2020, we assessed malaria risk before and after a mass distribution campaign, stratifying by age group and comparing risk differences (RDs) by LLIN type or annual application of indoor residual spraying (IRS).Results711 health facilities contributed 20 962 facility reports over 30 months. After national distribution of 10.7 million LLINs and IRS in limited settings, malaria risk decreased from 25.6 to 16.7 cases per 100 people from 2018 to 2019 high transmission seasons, and rebounded to 23.2 in 2020, resulting in significant RDs of −8.9 in 2019 and −2.4 in 2020 as compared with 2018. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO)-treated LLINs were more effective than pyrethroid-treated LLINs, with adjusted RDs of −2.3 (95% CI −2.7 to −1.9) and −1.5 (95% CI −2.0 to −1.0) comparing 2019 and 2020 high transmission seasons to 2018. Use of IRS sustained protection with adjusted RDs of −1.4 (95% CI −2.0 to −0.9) and −2.8% (95% CI −3.5 to −2.2) relative to pyrethroid-treated LLINs. Overall, 12 of 28 districts (42.9%) experienced increases in malaria risk in from 2018 to 2020.ConclusionLLINs in Malawi have a limited effectiveness lifespan and IRS and PBO-treated LLINs perform better than pyrethroid-treated LLINs, perhaps due to net repurposing and insecticide-resistance. DHIS2 provides a compelling framework in which to examine localised malaria trends and evaluate ongoing interventions.

scholarly journals Digital Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) mass distribution campaign in the particular context of covid-19 pandemic in Benin: lessons learned and challenges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROCK AIKPON ◽  
Cyriaque Affoukou ◽  
Benjamin Hounkpatin ◽  
Dieu-Donné Eclou ◽  
Yves Cyaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Mass Campaign ◽  
Mass Distribution Campaign ◽  
Prevention Activities ◽  
Distribution Campaign

Abstract Background In 2020, Benin has implemented a digital Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) mass distribution campaign in the particular context of covid-19 pandemic and then, offered important lessons to share. This paper aims to describe the implementation process as well as the lessons learned and challenges from this campaign. Methods A descriptive design was used for reporting the planning and implementation process of ITNs campaign. Moreover, the changes and adaptations related to covid-19 pandemic are well described. Results A total of 3,175,773 households were registered corresponding to a total of 14,423,998 persons (13.55% more from projection). Moreover, 94.16% (13,581,637 people) of enumerated population were protected. A total of 7,652,166 ITNs were distributed countrywide. Conclusions High political commitment, engagement and support add to the financial and technical supports from partners were the essential factors that make 2020 ITNs mass campaign success in Benin despite the particular context of COVID-19 pandemic. It is essential to maintain the prevention activities for malaria and this could substantially reduce the overall impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the populations at malaria risk.

scholarly journals Efficacy of two PBO long lasting insecticidal nets against natural populations of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in experimental huts, Kolokopé, Togo

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e0192492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume K. Ketoh ◽  
Koffi M. Ahadji-Dabla ◽  
Joseph Chabi ◽  
Adjovi D. Amoudji ◽  
Georges Y. Apetogbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Experimental Huts ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.L ◽  
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets

scholarly journals Individual and Community Factors Associated with Household Insecticide-Treated Bednet Usage in the Sunyani West District of Ghana Two Years after Mass Distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Angmorteh Mensah ◽  
Francis Anto
Keyword(s):  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Previous Night ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mass Distribution Campaign ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Ghana Health ◽  
Distribution Campaign

Purpose. In the year 2015, the Ghana Health Service launched a free mass insecticide-treated net (ITN) distribution campaign in the Sunyani West district of Ghana with the aim of improving household ownership to increase usage. This study determined the level of ownership and usage of ITNs and associated factors among households in the Sunyani West district two years after the mass distribution campaign. Methods. Study participants were identified using the systematic approach in all five subdistricts of the Sunyani West district and interviewed, and data were collected on household ITN ownership. Data were also collected on the source of the ITN and whether the respondent slept under an ITN the previous night. Data on individual and community factors associated with ITN ownership and usage were also collected. Pearson chi-square tests and logistic regression were performed to determine factors significantly associated with ITN ownership and usage. Results. The level of ITN ownership was 78.93% and usage was 55.93%. Most of the participants (73.62%) received their nets during the 2015 mass distribution campaign, 39 (11.96%) received their ITNs during antenatal care visits, whilst 27 (8.28%) bought the nets from the store. People who experience irritation (χ2 = 23.32; p < 0.001) and respondents who did not perceive themselves as likely to be beaten by mosquitoes or get malaria (χ2 = 26.61; p < 0.001) were less likely to use ITNs. Respondents who used other malaria/mosquito bite prevention methods were also less likely to use the ITNs (χ2 = 206.26; p = 0.001), but individuals who received free nets were likely to use them. Conclusion. ITN ownership was high, but usage was low and far below the national target. Intense health education emphasizing the fact that everybody is susceptible to malaria may help improve usage.

scholarly journals Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) in South-West Cameroon four years after long-lasting insecticidal net mass distribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stravensky Térence Boussougou-Sambe ◽  
Wolfgang Ekoko Eyisap ◽  
Geraud Canis Taboue Tasse ◽  
Stanislas Elysee Mandeng ◽  
Lili Ranaise Mbakop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Insecticide Susceptibility ◽  
South West ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.L ◽  
Susceptibility Status

scholarly journals Evaluation of Yahe® and Panda® 2.0 long-lasting insecticidal nets against wild pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. from Côte d’Ivoire: an experimental hut trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyntia-Muriel Y. Clegban ◽  
Soromane Camara ◽  
A. Alphonsine Koffi ◽  
Ludovic P. Ahoua Alou ◽  
Jean-Paul Kabran Kouame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Experimental Hut ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.L ◽  
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets

Abstract Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) have played an important role in reducing the global malaria burden since 2000. They are a core prevention tool used widely by people at risk of malaria. The Vector Control Prequalification mechanism of the Word Health Organization (WHO-Vector Control PQ) established the testing and evaluation guidelines for LLINs before registration for public use. In the present study, two new brands of deltamethrin-impregnated nets (Yahe® LN and Panda® Net 2.0) were evaluated in an experimental hut against wild pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. in M’Bé nearby Bouaké, central Côte d’Ivoire. Methods The performance of Yahe® LN and Panda® Net 2.0 was compared with that of PermaNet 2.0, conventionally treated nets (CTN), and untreated net to assess the blood-feeding inhibition, deterrence, induced exophily, and mortality. Results Cone bioassay results showed that Panda® Net 2.0, PermaNet 2.0 and Yahe® LN (both unwashed and washed 20 times) induced > 95% knockdown or > 80% mortality of the susceptible Anopheles gambiae Kisumu strain. With the pyrethroid-resistant M’Bé strain, mortality rate for all treated nets did not exceed 70%. There was a significant reduction in entry and blood feeding (p < 0.05) and an increase in exophily and mortality rates (p < 0.05) with all treatments compared to untreated nets, except the CTNs. However, the personal protection induced by these treated nets decreased significantly after 20 washes. The performance of Panda® Net 2.0 was equal to PermaNet® 2.0 in terms of inhibiting blood feeding, but better than PermaNet® 2.0 in terms of mortality. Conclusion This study showed that Yahe® LN and Panda® Net 2.0 met the WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) criteria to undergo phase III trial at the community level. Due to an increasing spread and development of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors, control of malaria transmission must evolve into an integrated vector management relying on a large variety of efficient control tools. Graphical Abstract

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