The Application of DOMS Mechanism and Prevention in Physical Education and Training

To analyze the causes of muscle soreness and injury during precompetition training in university sports meet and taking the DOMS mechanism as the main line to find a reasonable way to deal with the muscle pain and prevent the injury, 125 college students participating in stadium games training were randomly selected. The muscle pain and injury during the training were obtained through interviews, mathematical statistics, and literature review. The information of exercise load, pain and injury type, exercise ability, pain degree, and recovery time was comprehensively analyzed to study the mechanism of pain and injury formation. Muscle pain and injury occurred in precompetition training, especially in freshmen. After heavy load, muscle soreness occurred, causing DOMS and developing into muscle injury. Affected by the external climate environment, sudden muscle soreness and injury are a gradual transformation process with DOMS as the boundary, which is the comprehensive result of exercise load, water, energy, and material metabolism; control load intensity, water supplement, and energy and material supplement can effectively prevent the occurrence of DOMS, and timely recovery after DOMS symptoms can effectively avoid the occurrence of sports injury. According to the different intensity of exercise, it is of great significance to clarify the mechanism of DOMS and explore effective prevention methods for physical education and sports training.

Judicialization of nursing malpractice in perioperative care, and delivery and birth assistance

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the legal outcomes of malpractices in perioperative care, and delivery and birth assistance related to nursing, from the perspective of legal support for malpractice prevention. Methods: an exploratory, documentary, qualitative study, based on the cases tried by the Court of Justice of the State of Paraná, available online until April 2018. For the data analysis, we codified the processes and summarized the judicial outcome by the severity of the malpractice. Then, we recommended practices for the prevention of each case we presented. Results: among the thirteen processes analyzed, eight corresponded to the perioperative period (mainly electrocautery burn), and five to nursing care for delivery and birth. The severity of the cases was high (n=7). The judicial outcome of most cases (n=11) was the conviction of the institution. Conclusions: despite the multifactorial nature of the malpractices, the identified ones are preventable since there is a description of good practices.

The role and preparedness of physiotherapists according to the results of students of two universities in the prevention of chronic diseases using stress urinary incontinence in women as an example

Background: The health and financial burden imposed by chronic non-communicable diseases is expected to increase in parallel with the rapid rate of global population aging. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is an important health problem. Medical professionals should thus provide their patients with knowledge about the appropriate prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, including SUI. Aim of the study: This study compared the level of knowledge concerning the risk factors, prevention, and treatment of SUI in women between physiotherapy graduates at two different Universities with a focus on medicine (Med) and physical education (PE). Material and Methods: This study included final-year physiotherapy students (n=401). Respondents provided answers to open-ended questions used to measure their knowledge about SUI in women. Results: The complete and correct definition of SUI was provided by 64.4% of the students at University Med, and 56.3% of the students at University PE. Students at University Med, in comparison with the students at University PE, had a significantly higher awareness of the risk factors (86.4% vs. 69.4%), prevention methods (85.6% vs. 68.7%), and conservative (92.4% vs. 77.8%) as well as surgical treatment (28.0% vs 6.7%) of SUI in women (p<0.001). Conclusions: There is a need for greater emphasis on education about SUI in order to better prepare physiotherapy graduate students to provide optimal care to their female patients. The disciplinary focus of Universities that provide graduate programs in physiotherapy plays a significant role in gaining knowledge about SUI.

A Commentary on the “Duration of Oral Antibiotics Administration for Cetuximab-Induced Acneiform Eruption”

Acneiform eruption is a devastating cutaneous side effect of cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody used to treat a variety of cancers. Despite its effectiveness, many patients avoid or discontinue it after experiencing its dermatological side effects as it negatively impacts their quality of life (QoL). This displays the immense need for multidisciplinary collaboration to prevent and treat cetuximab-induced acneiform eruption (CIAE). Prevention methods include, but are not limited to, education, skin care routines, and prophylactic drugs. The following measures reduce the likelihood of developing CIAE and decrease its severity, making it easier to treat if it were to occur. Ongoing research on the treatment of CIAE continues. Of these treatments, oral tetracyclines and systemic corticosteroids have been shown to be the most effective by far. This commentary aims to evaluate the study by Park et al. [Dermatology. 2021;237(3):457–63], further elaborate on prevention and treatment measures of CIAE, and highlight the implications of CIAE on a patient’s QoL.

The Attitude of Women Planning Pregnancy and/or Having Children Towards Vaccinations: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Background Infectious disease agents can cause serious fetopathy. Implementing appropriate prevention methods while planning pregnancy can help avoid some of them. Methods A cross-sectional survey study was performed. The questionnaire investigated attitudes towards vaccinations, as well as opinions on anti-vaccine movements and the so-called "chickenpox parties". Results The study group consisted of 2402 women, age range was 16-54 years (median: 31 years). Most women were from cities > 100,000 inhabitants (49.7%, 1194/2402) and had higher education (71.9%, 1726/2402). A positive attitude towards vaccinations was more common among younger, nulliparous women from big cities (p=0.02, p=0.04 and p=0.01, respectively). 2068/2402 (86.1%) of them were not vaccinated before pregnancy and 1931/2402 (80.4%) of women were not vaccinated during pregnancy. While most women (1545/2402, 64.3%) considered vaccination safe, and effective (1904/2402, 79.3%) against infectious diseases, many (n=296/2402 12.3%) have no opinion on the so-called chickenpox party. Conclusions Most women in Poland have a positive attitude towards vaccinations and consider vaccines a safe and effective method of protection against infectious diseases. Since a significant proportion of women were not vaccinated before or during pregnancy and about 12% of women are undecided, the physician's role is crucial in educating and persuading the patient to be vaccinated

Recurrent urinary tract infections in adults: a practical guide

Recurrent urinary tract infections are a common problem faced by clinicians across many specialities. For the patient, recurrent urinary tract infections can be burdensome and detrimental to their quality of life. For the clinician, they can be challenging to manage, and the socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems can also be substantial. Investigations serve to rule out any underlying structural or pathological abnormalities. In conjunction with behavioural prevention methods, treatment strategies include antibiotic and non-antibiotic approaches and holistic management approaches. This article provides an overview of the investigation and treatment of urinary tract infections and includes algorithms which can be used in daily clinical practice.

The role of behavioural immune system and belief in COVID-19 misinformation on COVID-19 protective behaviours in Indonesia

This study ( N = 1306) investigated the role behavioural immune system and specific beliefs in COVID-19 misinformation in predicting COVID-19 protective behaviours. By analysing the data from an online survey, we found that germ avoidance significantly predicted social distancing and was negatively correlated to transportation use. Belief in conspiracy theories and non-psychological cures and prevention methods were negatively associated to social distancing, while the latter also predicted lower preventive commodities purchasing. These findings suggested that germ aversion should be incorporated in the promotion of COVID-19 prevention behaviours and that any misinformation related to COVID-19 should be minimized to improve people’s protective behaviours.

Impostor Phenomenon in the Nutrition and Dietetics Profession: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey

BackgroundImpostor phenomenon (IP) (also known as impostor syndrome) describes high-achieving individuals who, despite their objective successes, fail to internalize their accomplishments and have persistent self-doubt and fear of being exposed as a fraud or impostor. Despite robust literature describing the effects of IP in other health care professions, there is an absence of research within the nutrition and dietetics profession.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and predictors of IP within the nutrition and dietetics students and practitioners.DesignAn online cross-sectional survey was conducted.Participants/setting1,015 students, dietetic interns, and currently practicing and retired nutrition and dietetic technicians registered, and registered dietitian nutritionists provided complete responses.Main outcome measuresImpostor phenomenon was assessed with the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS). Self-reported Job satisfaction and well-being were assessed using validated scales.Statistical analysesDescriptive statistics were summarized and reported using frequency counts and percentages. Unadjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between IP and sociodemographic outcomes, job satisfaction, and well-being.ResultsRespondents were primarily female, non-Hispanic White, and practicing dietitians. The average CIPS score was 66.0 ± 16.3 (range 22-99). 64% of survey respondents (n=655) experience intense or frequent IP and 62% (n=628) had a CIPS score ≥62. Older age, educational attainment, professional level, and membership in Academy groups were associated with lower IP scores. Greater Social media use was associated with higher IP scores. Job satisfaction and overall well-being were inversely correlated with impostor phenomenon (p<0.001).ConclusionsFindings from an online survey suggest that a majority of nutrition and dietetics students and practitioners experience IP. Our results reinforce the need to recognize and address this issue by raising awareness, using early prevention methods, and supporting individuals who are younger and/or new to the profession.

CPD article: Felid lungworms: from complete strangers to major parasites

The parasitic nematodes Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Capillaria aerophila affect the respiratory system of cats and are a primary cause of respiratory disease in cats in many countries. While they have been underestimated for a long time, in recent years academics and veterinarians have become more aware of their importance, and now felid lungworms are recognised as primary agents of respiratory disease. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment, and efficacious prevention methods are a priority in feline clinical practice. Recent data have unveiled many features of diseases caused by these nematodes, and this article reviews and discusses practical and clinical knowledge, as well as recent updates on clinical management of aelurostrongylosis, troglostrongylosis and capillariosis in cats.