scholarly journals How many large camelids in the world? A synthetic analysis of the world camel demographic changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Faye
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
International Database ◽  
Demographic Trend ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Recent Increase ◽  
The World ◽  
World Level

AbstractAt world level, the current official number of large camelids cannot be determined exactly (it is estimated to be more than 35 million heads), and the role of camels in the livestock economy is highly variable. The only reliable statistics are provided by FAO since 1961. According to these data, five different patterns of demographic changes have been observed. In countries marked by a regular or drastic decline of their camelid population, a tendency to re-increase has been in force since the beginning of the century, except in India. Generally, countries marked by a sharp recent increase in their large camelid population have implemented a census and readjusted their data. Many inconsistencies occur in available data, most notably cases arising from changes occurring in state status (for example secession of Eritrea, Soviet Union collapse). Moreover, large camelid stocks in Australia, in countries of new camel establishment (Western countries) and those related to the expansion of camel farming, notably in Africa, are not recorded in the international database. In addition, there is no distinction between dromedary and Bactrian data. The present large camelid population in the world is probably more than 40 million and could reach 60 million after 25 years from now if the current demographic trend is maintained.

scholarly journals Ukraine in the Focus of US Foreign Policy Priorities

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
N. Gegelashvili ◽  
◽  
I. Modnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Radical Transformation

The article analyzes the US policy towards Ukraine dating back from the time before the reunification of Crimea with Russia and up to Donald Trump coming to power. The spectrum of Washington’s interests towards this country being of particular strategic interest to the United States are disclosed. It should be noted that since the disintegration of the Soviet Union Washington’s interest in this country on the whole has not been very much different from its stand on all post-Soviet states whose significance was defined by the U,S depending on their location on the world map as well as on the value of their natural resources. However, after the reunification of Crimea with Russia Washington’s stand on this country underwent significant changes, causing a radical transformation of the U,S attitude in their Ukrainian policy. During the presidency of Barack Obama the American policy towards Ukraine was carried out rather sluggishly being basically declarative in its nature. When President D. Trump took his office Washington’s policy towards Ukraine became increasingly more offensive and was characterized by a rather proactive stance not only because Ukraine became the principal arena of confrontation between the United States and the Russian Federation, but also because it became a part of the US domestic political context. Therefore, an outcome of the “battle” for Ukraine is currently very important for the United States in order to prove to the world its role of the main helmsman in the context of a diminishing US capability of maintaining their global superiority.

Allied High Commission for Austria

1951 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-226
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Marshall Plan ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
World Level

On September 26, 1950, the Austrian cabinet voted to permit the country's cost of living to rise to an approximation of the world level, and to make a compensating increase of ten to fourteen percent in wage levels. Three days later the United States representative (Keyes) charged, with the support of the French and United Kingdom commissioners (Bethouart and Caccia), that the resulting riots in Vienna had been inspired by the Soviet Union which had a) transported rioters in trucks about Vienna, b) refused to permit Viennese police in the Soviet sector to be used to quell the rioting, c) prevented police from removing workers of a Soviet controlled plant from railway yards which they had occupied. These charges were denied by the Soviet commissioner (Tsinev) as slanderous allegations of the western representatives whose countries had been responsible for the riots because of the deterioration of living conditions in Austria as the result of the Marshall Plan.

scholarly journals The Position of Cochinchina (Vietnam) in the Trade with Portugal in the XVI-XVII Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Anh Dao ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
Trade Network ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
The Way

The sixteenth century is considered the beginning time of trade activities between Vietnam and Western countries after great geographical discoveries in the world, in which Portugal was the pioneer country to establish trade relations wit h Vietnam. Cochinchina, with many favourable factors in terms of human, geography, and goods, was the place to attract Portugal on the way of exchange and establishment of Intra - Asian marine trade network. Thus, what factors led Cochinchina to a strategic position in this trade network, and Portugal had come here to trade with specific characteristics are, and the consequences of this trade process are, is the purpose of this article. Based on analyzing objective and subjective factors, generalizing and systematizing commercial activities between Cochin china and Portugal, the author provides objective assessments of the role of Cochin china in the voyage to The East of the Western countries in the contemporary time.

scholarly journals FINNO-UGRIC "WORLD" AS A SYMBOLICALLY CONCTRUCTED PROJECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
O. B. Yanush ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Language Community ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
The Creation

The article studies the Finno-Ugric "world", understood as a transfrontier language community and its actors. The author marks tendencies of unification in the Finno-Ugric community of the 1990s and a stage of «disin-tegration» in the 2000s. The study goal is to explain the ongoing processes in the context of the foreign poli-cy of several western countries engaged and ethnic fragmentation among the Russian Finno-Ugric peoples. For this purpose, the work describes the creation of the Finno-Ugric community, the institutional setting and the results of the World Congresses; the role of the Finno-Ugric “world” in the foreign policies of Western countries. Attention is paid to practices aimed at constructing a common Finno-Ugric identity, among which the initiative "Cultural Capitals of the Finno-Ugric World" is noted.The author concludes that the Finno-Ugric “world” is a symbolically constructed project that connects the divergent positions of a diverse circle of participants, typologically defined as “the glottogenesis communi-ty”, where symbolic and discursive principles prevail over material ones. Moreover, bilateral and multilateral interactions between “western” and “eastern” Finno-Ugric peoples in the culture, science and education are more likely projections of the “soft power” of Finland, Hungary and Estonia than aspirations to create a common Finno-Ugric space.

Ascertaining Social Fact

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-88
Author(s):  
Arunabh Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Technical Aid ◽  
Statistical Work

This chapter focuses on the theoretical and ideological justification of socialist statistical work. It also provides an assessment of Soviet technical aid and introduces the Soviet statistical experts who were instrumental in helping organize statistical activity in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The chapter first uncovers and understands the socialist critique of statistics and, second, analyzes the role of the Soviet statistical experts who spent time in China and who were instrumental in the rise of socialist statistics to a position of epistemological and administrative dominance. It provides a discussion of the 1950s (or, more accurately, the years after 1945) as a period when the imperative to ascertain social fact took on added urgency throughout the world. There existed, however, competing approaches to ascertaining social fact. The chapter thus moves on to the rise of socialist statistics, in particular its rise in the Soviet Union (USSR), and contrasts it with other approaches to statistics. It then explores the Soviet experts who spent extended periods of time in the PRC, examining the variety of ways—teaching, translation of textbooks, and consultation—by which their expertise was mobilized by the Chinese as it sought to disseminate a correct understanding and implementation of socialist statistics.

scholarly journals THE ISSUE OF THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET EMPIRE

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
S. Martirosyan
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
World Economy ◽  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Soviet Empire ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World

The author of the article argues that the M. Gorbachev Reconstruction (Perestroyka) had deliberately been designed to cause the collapse of the Soviet Union, to drag the country in the world economy and lay a foundation to establish a “New World Order”. Meanwhile, the author demonstrates how the process of collapse was kept secretly, and the role of foreign factors contributed to that collapse.

scholarly journals Seventy-fi ve years of the victory of the Soviet people in the World War II. The role of Soviet medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 (5) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
A. I. Paltsev
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
World War ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Soviet People ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Red Flag ◽  
Historical Truth

The World War II was and is unforgettable for the Soviet people because it is the Great victory of the Great people. The president of the Russian federation defi ned the attitude of the West to the victory by the next words: “Countries do not stop trying to distort historical truth about the World War II… Russia will answer the truth to attempts to distort the facts about the World War II”. For our people this war is great tragedy and great feat. On the fi rst day of aggression the Soviet government declared: “Our cause is just. The enemy will be defeated. Victory will be ours.” The strength and courage of military commanders, soldiers and officers, who did, everything to ensure that on the night of May 1 the Red Flag hosted above the Reichtag. According to estimates of marshals of the Soviet Union, the role of the Soviet medical scientists, doctors, middle and junior medical workers is invaluable. It were they who returned to service 73.3% of the wounded and 90.6% of the sick, in absolute numbers that were about 17 million people, and 6.7 million people participated in the Berlin operation. Thus, the last point in the war was put by a Soviet soldier, a Soviet officer, returned to service by the Soviet medicine.

Anorexia Nervosa in a Group of Asian Children Living in Britain

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Bryant-Waugh ◽  
Bryan Lask
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Racial Origin ◽  
Recent Increase ◽  
Asian Children

Four cases of anorexia nervosa occurring in Asian children are described. These case histories are set against the recent increase in eating disorders in patients of different racial origin. The role of sociocultural conflict in immigrant Asian families to Western countries is raised as a possible contributor to the emergence of eating disorders and the need to be aware of anorexia nervosa in such childhood populations is stressed.

Corporate Coup-Maker Grievances And Types Of Regime Targets

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Partial Response ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
General Lack ◽  
The World ◽  
World Level

In partial response to the renewed explanatory emphasis on the role of corporate grievances in bringing about military coups, this article operationalizes and tests the hypothesis that a significantly higher proportional frequency of apparent corporate motivations arc associated with coups executed against civilian governments as opposed to coups executed against military governments. Using a 1946–1970 data base encompassing 229 military coups, no statistically significant differences between the two types of government targets emerge at the world level. At the regional level, only Asian coups provide any real support for the hypothesis. The article concludes with a brief discussion of the possible reasons for the general lack of support for the hypothesis and its implications for the analysis of military coups.

Origins

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-63
Author(s):  
Juliane Fürst
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
The West ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

The first chapter charts the history of the Soviet hippie movement all across the Soviet Union, using both declassified KGB and party documents as well as personal interviews. It explores the role of the official press in inspiring youngsters to become ‘hippies’ and the crucial transmission belt of diplomatic parents and other Soviet elites allowed to have direct contact with the West. It delves into the world of intellectual circles in Moscow in the 1960s, which provided some of the intellectual soil on which a Soviet variation of hippie ideals could grow. It subsequently traces some of the fashion and style roots of the Soviet hippies, which range from the Soviet stiliagi to the British Beatles, from glimpses of Western hippies to the Soviet-infused imagination of youngsters wanting to look different than the rest.

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