Identification and management of alcohol use and illicit substance use in outpatient psychiatric clinics in Sweden: a national survey of clinic directors and staff

Objective: We aimed to determine the incidence of chronic illicit substance use during pregnancy and to identify associated risk factors.Design: A 2-year time-matched retrospective maternal quality control database (n = 4,470) analysis of parturients with chronic illicit substance use compared to controls.Setting: A tertiary academic medical center located in a rural setting.Results: The rate of chronic illicit substance use was 1.95 percent. Demographic factors associated with chronic illicit substance use in pregnancy-included lower body mass index (BMI; OR: 0.93; 95 percent CI: 0.89-0.96, p 0.0001), higher gravidity (OR: 1.24; 95 percent CI: 1.13-1.36, p 0.0001), higher parity (OR: 1.38; 95 percent CI: 1.22-1.57, p 0.0001), and more live births (OR: 1.30; 95 percent CI: 1.16-1.46, p 0.0001). A history of smoking (OR: 10.51; 95 percent CI: 5.69-19.42, p 0.0001), alcohol use (OR: 48.98; 95 percent CI: 17.33-138.40, p 0.0001), anxiety (OR: 1.88; 95 percent CI: 1.16-3.05, p = 0.01), depression (OR: 2.44; 95 percent CI: 1.55-3.85, p = 0.0001), transfer on admission (OR: 2.12; 95 percent CI: 1.16-3.87, p = 0.01), payor insurance (OR: 2.12, 95 percent CI: 2.10-5.04, p 0.0001), and Apgar scores 7 at 1 minute (OR: 0.50; 95 percent CI: 0.25-1.00, p = 0.049) were significant. Multiple variable logistic regression-revealed BMI, smoking, alcohol use, and Apgar score 7 at 1 minute as significant factors.Conclusions: Awareness of these factors can assist in identifying and treating parturients with chronic illicit substance use.

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Prevalence of illicit substance use among Arab adults in Israel: Findings from a national survey

Drug and Alcohol Review ◽

10.1111/dar.12269 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 660-662

Author(s):

Maayan Lawental ◽

Meyrav Shoham ◽

Pnina Ron ◽

Faisal Azaiza

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

National Survey ◽

Illicit Substance ◽

Illicit Substance Use

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Illicit substance use among Tunisian college students: prevalence and risk factors

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2016-0108 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zedini Chekib ◽

Nawel Zammit ◽

Limam Manel ◽

Mellouli Menel ◽

Meriam Elghardallou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Strong Association ◽

Academic Failure ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Illicit Substance ◽

Illicit Substance Use

Abstract Background Illicit substance use among college students represents one of the most complicated social problems. Studying its predictors could help deal with this problem more efficiently. Aims To determine the prevalence of life time illicit substance use and its predictors among Tunisian college students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in five colleges in the region of Sousse, Tunisia in the 2012–2013 school year. A sample of 556 college students responded to an anonymous self-administrated questionnaire. Collected data concerned socio-demographic characteristics and substances use. Results The mean age of students was 21.8 ± 2.2 years. Females represented 51.8% of participants. Among respondents: 31 (5.6%) had used illicit substance at least once. Cannabis was the main substance used by 26 (4.7%) students. The average age of the illicit substance use initiation was 19 (±2.5) years while it was almost 17 (±3) years for both tobacco and alcohol use initiations. Proportions of male students and academic failure were significantly more important among illicit substance users than among non users. While the most influential factors on illicit substance use were: alcohol use, tobacco use and low socioeconomic level. Conclusion This study highlights the strong association between the other risk behaviors and illicit drug use. Future interventions should focus on the whole risk behaviors simultaneously at late adolescence with regard to the environmental context.

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Adolescent Behavioral Characteristics Mediate Familial Effects on Alcohol Use and Problems in College-bound Students

10.31234/osf.io/6m7tu ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

April L. Brown ◽

Roberto A. Espana ◽

Chelsie Benca-Bachman ◽

Justine W. Welsh ◽

Rohan Palmer

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Internalizing Problems ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Self Report ◽

Illicit Substance ◽

Illicit Substance Use ◽

History Of

Background: Alcohol use and problems are complex behaviours influenced by individual characteristics, such as temperament, mood. Studies suggest a broad spectrum of behaviours associated with drinking, which makes it unclear whether patterns of familial risk for drinking are directly or indirectly related to patterns of alcohol use and problems in late adolescence. Objectives: We examined direct and indirect effects of perceived family history of psychopathology on pre-collegiate alcohol use and problems via the Transmissible Liability Index (TLI).Methods: Participants (N=302; 29.6% male) provided self-report data on age of onset of drinking, past 90-day alcohol use and problems, family history of internalizing and alcohol and illicit substance use, and TLI. Results: Approximately 21% of participants reported having at least one relative with a history of regular and/or problematic alcohol use, compared to 12% for illicit substance use, and ~55% for internalizing problems. Higher TLI scores were associated with increased family history of substance use, alcohol use, and internalizing problems, as well as earlier age of onset of drinking. Family history of internalizing problems was the most robust indicator of AUP (β = 0.20 [95% CI = 0.04 - 0.36], p = 0.01). Path analyses suggested that the individual-level behaviours that comprise TLI mediate the effects of family history on age of initiation and regular alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Family history of internalizing, drinking, and illicit substance use reflect generalized risk for a broad set of behaviours associated with risk for alcohol initiation and use during the transition from high school to college.

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Adolescent Behavioral Characteristics Mediate Familial Effects on Alcohol Use and Problems in College-Bound Students

Substance Abuse Research and Treatment ◽

10.1177/1178221820970925 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 117822182097092

Author(s):

April L Brown ◽

Roberto A España ◽

Chelsie E Benca-Bachman ◽

Justine W Welsh ◽

Rohan HC Palmer

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Internalizing Problems ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Self Report ◽

Behavioral Characteristics ◽

Illicit Substance ◽

Illicit Substance Use ◽

History Of

Background: Studies suggest a broad spectrum of behaviors associated with drinking. Consequently, it is unclear whether patterns of familial risk for psychopathology are directly or indirectly related to patterns of alcohol use and problems in late adolescence or mediated by behavioral characteristics, such as temperament, mood. Objectives: We examined direct and indirect effects of perceived family history of psychopathology on pre-collegiate alcohol use and problems via the Transmissible Liability Index (TLI). Methods: Participants (N = 302; 29.6% male) provided self-report data on age of onset of drinking, past 90-day frequency of alcohol use and problems (AUP), family history of internalizing and alcohol and illicit substance use, and TLI. Results: Approximately 21% of participants reported having at least one relative with a history of regular and/or problematic alcohol use, compared to 12% for illicit substance use, and −55% for internalizing problems. Higher TLI scores were associated with increased family history of substance use, alcohol use, and internalizing problems, as well as earlier age of onset of drinking. Family history of internalizing problems was the most robust indicator of AUP (β = 0.20 [95% CI = 0.04-0.36], P = .01). Path analyses suggested that the individual-level behaviors that comprise TLI mediate the effects of family history on age of initiation and regular alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Family history of internalizing, drinking, and illicit substance use reflect generalized risk for a broad set of behaviors associated with risk for alcohol initiation and use during the transition from high school to college.

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