Low-frequency oscillations of finger skin blood flow during the initial stage of cold-induced vasodilation at different air temperatures

Abstract Background Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) is known to be influenced by the ambient temperature. Frequency analysis of blood flow provides information on physiological regulation of the cardiovascular system, such as myogenic, neurogenic, endothelial nitric oxide (NO) dependent, and NO-independent activities. In this study, we hypothesized that the major origin of CIVD occurs prior to the CIVD event and investigated finger skin blood flow during the initial stage of CIVD at different ambient temperatures using frequency analysis. Methods Eighteen healthy volunteers immersed their fingers in 5 °C water at air temperatures of 20 °C and 25 °C. Finger skin blood flow was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry and analyzed using Morlet mother wavelet. We defined the time when the rate of blood flow increased dramatically as the onset of CIVD, and defined three phases as the periods from the onset of cooling to minimum blood flow (vasoconstriction), from minimum blood flow to the onset of CIVD (prior to CIVD), and from the onset of CIVD to maximum blood flow (CIVD). Results The increment ratio of blood flow at CIVD was significantly higher at 20 °C air temperature. In particular, at 20 °C air temperature, arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) might be closed at baseline, as finger skin temperature was much lower than at 25 °C air temperature, and endothelial NO-independent activity was significantly higher and neurogenic activity significantly lower during vasoconstriction than at baseline. Additionally, the differences in both activities between vasoconstriction and prior to CIVD were significant. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in endothelial NO-dependent activity between baseline and all phases at both air temperatures. Conclusions Our results indicated that the increase of endothelial NO-independent activity and the decrease of neurogenic activity may contribute to the high increment ratio of blood flow at CIVD at 20 °C air temperature.

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Synchronous and baroceptor-sensitive oscillations in skin microcirculation: evidence for central autonomic control

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1997.273.4.h1867 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 273 (4) ◽

pp. H1867-H1878 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Luciano Bernardi ◽

Daniel Hayoz ◽

René Wenzel ◽

Claudio Passino ◽

Alessandro Calciati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Skin Blood Flow ◽

Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Sympathetic Modulation ◽

Baroreflex Stimulation ◽

The Relationship ◽

Spontaneous Fluctuations

To determine whether skin blood flow is local or takes part in general regulatory mechanisms, we recorded laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF; left and right index fingers), blood pressure, muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), R-R interval, and respiration in 10 healthy volunteers and 3 subjects after sympathectomy. We evaluated 1) the synchronism of LDF fluctuations in two index fingers, 2) the relationship with autonomically mediated fluctuations in other signals, and 3) the LDF ability to respond to arterial baroreflex stimulation (by neck suction at frequencies from 0.02 to 0.20 Hz), using spectral analysis (autoregressive uni- and bivariate, time-variant algorithms). Synchronous LDF fluctuations were observed in the index fingers of healthy subjects but not in sympathectomized patients. LDF fluctuations were coherent with those obtained for blood pressure, MSNA, and R-R interval. LDF fluctuations were leading blood pressure in the low-frequency (LF; 0.1 Hz) band and lagging in the respiratory, high-frequency (HF; ∼0.25 Hz) band, suggesting passive “downstream” transmission only for HF and “upstream” transmission for LF from the microvessels. LDF fluctuations were responsive to sinusoidal neck suction up to 0.1 Hz, indicating response to sympathetic modulation. Skin blood flow thus reflects modifications determined by autonomic activity, detectable by frequency analysis of spontaneous fluctuations.

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Thermography and laser-Doppler flowmetry for monitoring changes in finger skin blood flow upon cigarette smoking

Clinical Physiology ◽

10.1111/j.1475-097x.1991.tb00106.x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 135-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

S. Bornmyr ◽

H. Svensson

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Skin Blood Flow ◽

Laser Doppler ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Finger Skin

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Using reactive hyperemia to investigate the effect of cupping sizes of cupping therapy on skin blood flow responses

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation ◽

10.3233/bmr-200120 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Xiangfeng He ◽

Xueyan Zhang ◽

Fuyuan Liao ◽

Li He ◽

Xin Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Skin Blood Flow ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Recovery Time ◽

Reactive Hyperemia ◽

Cupping Therapy ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Healthy Participants ◽

Hyperemic Response

BACKGROUND: Various cupping sizes of cupping therapy have been used in managing musculoskeletal conditions; however, the effect of cupping sizes on skin blood flow (SBF) responses is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of three cupping sizes of cupping therapy on SBF responses. METHODS: Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to measure SBF on the triceps in 12 healthy participants in this repeated measures study. Three cup sizes (35, 40 and 45 mm in diameter) were blinded to the participants and were tested at -300 mmHg for 5 minutes. Reactive hyperemic response to cupping therapy was expressed as a ratio of baseline SBF. RESULTS: All three sizes of cupping cups resulted in a significant increase in peak SBF (p< 0.001). Peak SBF of the 45 mm cup (9.41 ± 1.32 times) was significantly higher than the 35 mm cup (5.62 ± 1.42 times, p< 0.05). Total SBF of the 45 mm cup ((24.33 ± 8.72) × 103 times) was significantly higher than the 35 mm cup ((8.05 ± 1.63) × 103 times, p< 0.05). Recovery time of the 45 mm cup (287.46 ± 39.54 seconds) was significantly longer than the 35 mm cup (180.12 ± 1.42 seconds, p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that all three cup sizes can significantly increase SBF. The 45 mm cup is more effective in increasing SBF compared to the 35 mm cup.

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Sensitivity of the Laser Doppler Flowmetry and Incoherent Optical Flowmetry to Low-frequency Blood Flow Oscillations

2020 International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO) ◽

10.1109/iclo48556.2020.9285553 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

D.G. Lapitan ◽

D.A. Rogatkin

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Laser Doppler ◽

Blood Flow Oscillations ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Flow Oscillations

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Minimal role for H1 and H2 histamine receptors in cutaneous thermal hyperemia to local heating in humans

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00902.2005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 535-540 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Brett J. Wong ◽

Sarah J. Williams ◽

Christopher T. Minson

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Receptor Antagonist ◽

Skin Blood Flow ◽

Local Heating ◽

Histamine Receptor ◽

Receptor Activation ◽

Control Site ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Histamine Receptor Antagonist ◽

And Control

The precise mechanism(s) underlying the thermal hyperemic response to local heating of human skin are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate a potential role for H1 and H2 histamine-receptor activation in this response. Two groups of six subjects participated in two separate protocols and were instrumented with three microdialysis fibers on the ventral forearm. In both protocols, sites were randomly assigned to receive one of three treatments. In protocol 1, sites received 1) 500 μM pyrilamine maleate (H1-receptor antagonist), 2) 10 mM l-NAME to inhibit nitric oxide synthase, and 3) 500 μM pyrilamine with 10 mM NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME). In protocol 2, sites received 1) 2 mM cimetidine (H2 antagonist), 2) 10 mM l-NAME, and 3) 2 mM cimetidine with 10 mM l-NAME. A fourth site served as a control site (no microdialysis fiber). Skin sites were locally heated from a baseline of 33 to 42°C at a rate of 0.5°C/5 s, and skin blood flow was monitored using laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Cutaneous vascular conductance was calculated as LDF/mean arterial pressure. To normalize skin blood flow to maximal vasodilation, microdialysis sites were perfused with 28 mM sodium nitroprusside, and control sites were heated to 43°C. In both H1 and H2 antagonist studies, no differences in initial peak or secondary plateau phase were observed between control and histamine-receptor antagonist only sites or between l-NAME and l-NAME with histamine receptor antagonist. There were no differences in nadir response between l-NAME and l-NAME with histamine-receptor antagonist. However, the nadir response in H1 antagonist sites was significantly reduced compared with control sites, but there was no effect of H2 antagonist on the nadir response. These data suggest only a modest role for H1-receptor activation in the cutaneous response to local heating as evidenced by a diminished nadir response and no role for H2-receptor activation.

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