scholarly journals A robust machine learning approach to SDG data segmentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassim S. Mwitondi ◽  
Isaac Munyakazi ◽  
Barnabas N. Gatsheni
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Data Segmentation ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract In the light of the recent technological advances in computing and data explosion, the complex interactions of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) present both a challenge and an opportunity to researchers and decision makers across fields and sectors. The deep and wide socio-economic, cultural and technological variations across the globe entail a unified understanding of the SDG project. The complexity of SDGs interactions and the dynamics through their indicators align naturally to technical and application specifics that require interdisciplinary solutions. We present a consilient approach to expounding triggers of SDG indicators. Illustrated through data segmentation, it is designed to unify our understanding of the complex overlap of the SDGs by utilising data from different sources. The paper treats each SDG as a Big Data source node, with the potential to contribute towards a unified understanding of applications across the SDG spectrum. Data for five SDGs was extracted from the United Nations SDG indicators data repository and used to model spatio-temporal variations in search of robust and consilient scientific solutions. Based on a number of pre-determined assumptions on socio-economic and geo-political variations, the data is subjected to sequential analyses, exploring distributional behaviour, component extraction and clustering. All three methods exhibit pronounced variations across samples, with initial distributional and data segmentation patterns isolating South Africa from the remaining five countries. Data randomness is dealt with via a specially developed algorithm for sampling, measuring and assessing, based on repeated samples of different sizes. Results exhibit consistent variations across samples, based on socio-economic, cultural and geo-political variations entailing a unified understanding, across disciplines and sectors. The findings highlight novel paths towards attaining informative patterns for a unified understanding of the triggers of SDG indicators and open new paths to interdisciplinary research.

scholarly journals Society 5.0: A Japanese Concept for a Superintelligent Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6567
Author(s):  
Carolina Narvaez Rojas ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Alomia Peñafiel ◽  
Diego Fernando Loaiza Buitrago ◽  
Carlos Andrés Tavera Romero
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Development Goals

This document discusses the Japanese context of Society 5.0. Based on a society-centered approach, Society 5.0 seeks to take advantage of technological advances to finally solve the problems that currently threaten Japan, such as aging, birth rates and lack of competitiveness, among others. Additionally, another objective is to contribute to the progress of the country and develop the foundations for a better world, in which no individual can be excluded from the technological advances of our current society, to achieve this goal, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) have been developed. SDGs seek to assess the methods of use of modern technology and thus find the best strategies and tools to use it in a way that guarantees sustainability within the framework of a new society that demands constant renovations.

scholarly journals The evolution of humanitarian mapping within the OpenStreetMap community

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Herfort ◽  
Sven Lautenbach ◽  
João Porto de Albuquerque ◽  
Jennings Anderson ◽  
Alexander Zipf
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Major Development ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Global Population

AbstractIn the past 10 years, the collaborative maps of OpenStreetMap (OSM) have been used to support humanitarian efforts around the world as well as to fill important data gaps for implementing major development frameworks such as the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the evolution of humanitarian mapping within the OSM community, seeking to understand the spatial and temporal footprint of these large-scale mapping efforts. The spatio-temporal statistical analysis of OSM’s full history since 2008 showed that humanitarian mapping efforts added 60.5 million buildings and 4.5 million roads to the map. Overall, mapping in OSM was strongly biased towards regions with very high Human Development Index. However, humanitarian mapping efforts had a different footprint, predominantly focused on regions with medium and low human development. Despite these efforts, regions with low and medium human development only accounted for 28% of the buildings and 16% of the roads mapped in OSM although they were home to 46% of the global population. Our results highlight the formidable impact of humanitarian mapping efforts such as post-disaster mapping campaigns to improve the spatial coverage of existing open geographic data and maps, but they also reveal the need to address the remaining stark data inequalities, which vary significantly across countries. We conclude with three recommendations directed at the humanitarian mapping community: (1) Improve methods to monitor mapping activity and identify where mapping is needed. (2) Rethink the design of projects which include humanitarian data generation to avoid non-sustainable outcomes. (3) Remove structural barriers to empower local communities and develop capacity.

scholarly journals Harnessing Big Data for Sustainable Development in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Ojijo Odhiambo ◽  
Fatima Umar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Nigeria faces a myriad of development challenges in her efforts to grow the economy, create jobs and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Since independence, the Government has developed many Plans and Strategies, including the current Economic Recovery and Growth Plan, in an attempt to address these challenges. The ERGP, which is broadly aligned to the SDGs, is aimed at improving macroeconomic stability; fostering economic growth and diversification; improving competitiveness; fostering social inclusion; and enhancing governance and security. Recent information, communication and technological advances have led to data -from both conventional and unconventional sources- to be readily available in high volumes and velocity and in a variety of forms, or simply, to a Data Revolution. This paper examines the role of Big Data and Data Revolution in promoting sustainable development in Nigeria, as well the emerging opportunities for Statisticians in this regard. The paper posits that the attainment of the SDGs will be greatly hampered if Statisticians do not ask the right questions; access relevant data information and, crucially, perform deeper analytics around data and information. Statisticians have an important role to play in promoting Nigeria’s sustainable development agenda, but only if they become more entrepreneurial; and adequately master and apply the requisite technical and non-technical skills.

scholarly journals Analysis of Environmental Policy and the Performance of Sustainable Agricultural Development in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10453
Author(s):  
Guofeng Wang ◽  
Ziyu Qian ◽  
Xiangzheng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Performance Index ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Development Goals

A community with a shared future for mankind embodies the concept of sustainable development. This is also China’s contribution to global governance. Some of the Sustainable Development Goals (such as the elimination of hunger and malnutrition) require countries to implement people-centered overall agricultural transformations, and achieving such agricultural transformations is key to ensuring sustainable agricultural development and shifting agriculture toward a greener and more ecological direction. This paper uses the SBM Directional Distance Function and Malmquist Productivity Index with calculated data from 2000 to 2016. The results show that, since 2000, China’s environmental performance index growth has been slow, with an average annual growth rate of only 0.80%. This growth has gone through three phases: a stable up and down phase, a volatility decrease phase, and a volatility increase phase. In general, agricultural technological advances have played a more visible role in promoting a strong performance in reducing carbon emissions. Agriculture in China is also on the way to becoming more sustainable and green.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis Burden in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2016: Evidence from the Global Burden of Diseases 2016 Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Deribew ◽  
Kebede Deribe ◽  
Tariku Dejene ◽  
Gizachew Assefa Tessema ◽  
Yohannes Adama Melaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Global Burden Of Diseases ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

BACKGROUND: The burden of Tuberculosis (TB) has not been comprehensively evaluated over the last 25 years in Ethiopia. In this study, we used the 2016 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors (GBD) data to analyze the incidence, prevalence and mortality rates of tuberculosis (TB) in Ethiopia over the last 26 years.METHODS: The GBD 2016 is a mathematical modeling using different data source for Ethiopia such as verbal autopsy (VA), prevalence surveys and annual case notifications. Age and sex specific causes of death for TB were estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble Modeling (CODEm). We used the available data such as annual notifications and prevalence surveys as an input to estimate incidence and prevalence rates respectively using DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool.RESULTS: In 2016, we estimated 219,186 (95%UI: 182,977-265,292) new, 151,602 (95% UI: 126,054-180,976) prevalent TB cases and 48,910(95% UI:40,310-58,195) TB deaths. The age-standardized TB incidence rate decreased from 201.6/100,000 to 88.5/100,000 (with a total decline of 56%) between 1990 to 2016. Similarly, the age-standardized TB mortality rate declined from 393.8/100,000 to 100/100,000 between 1990 and 2016(with a total decline of 75%).CONCLUSIONS: Ethiopia has achieved the 50% reduction of most of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) targets related to TB. However, the decline of TB incidence and prevalence rates has been comparatively slow. The country should strengthen the TB case detection and treatment programs at community level to achieve its targets during the Sustainable Development Program (SDGs)-era.

scholarly journals Environmental justice and the SDGs: from synergies to gaps and contradictions

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1621-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Menton ◽  
Carlos Larrea ◽  
Sara Latorre ◽  
Joan Martinez-Alier ◽  
Mika Peck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Beyond Gdp

Abstract Through their synergies, trade-offs, and contradictions, the sustainable development goals (SDGs) have the potential to lead to environmental justices and injustices. Yet, environmental justice (EJ), and social justice more broadly, are not currently embedded within the language and spirit of the SDGs. We part from the premise that “many ‘environmental’ problems are, by their very nature, problems of justice” (Lele, Wiley Interdiscip Rev Water 4:e1224, 2017). We review progress in EJ frameworks in recent years, arguing for the need to move beyond a focus on the four principles of mainstream EJ (distribution, procedure, recognition, and capabilities) towards a more intersectional decolonial approach to environmental justice that recognises the indispensability of both humans and non-humans. EJ frameworks, and the SDGs should recognise power dynamics, complex interactions among injustices, and listens to the different ‘senses of justice’ and desires of theorists, activists, and other stakeholder from the Global South. We analyze how EJ frameworks are, or fail to be, incorporated in the SDGs with a focus on the food–water–health nexus (SDG2, 3, 6); climate-energy (SDG7, 13), conservation (SDG14, 15); and poverty and inequality (SDG1, 10). We call attention to the ‘elephant in the room’—the failure to go beyond GDP but instead include economic growth as a goal (SDG8). We argue that sustainable degrowth and intersectional decolonial environmental justices would create better conditions for the transformative changes needed to reach the broader aim of the SDGs: to leave no one behind.

History, Heritage and Sustainable Development: A Position Statement on the Scottish Highlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
S. Karly Kehoe ◽  
Chris Dalglish
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
The Past ◽  
Taking Charge ◽  
Rural World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Crucial Part

Evidence of how history and culture have been or should be harnessed to promote sustainability in remote and rural communities is mounting. To be sustainable, development must come from within, it must serve future generations as well as those in the present and it must attend to the vitality of culture, society, the economy and the environment. Historical research has an important contribution to make to sustainability, especially if undertaken collaboratively, by challenging and transcending the boundaries between disciplines and between the professional researchers, communities and organisations which serve and work with them. The Sustainable Development Goals’ motto is ‘leaving no one behind’, and for the 17 Goals to be met, there must be a dramatic reshaping of the ways in which we interact with each other and with the environment. Enquiry into the past is a crucial part of enabling communities, in all their shapes and sizes, to develop in sustainable ways. This article considers the rural world and posits that historical enquiry has the potential to deliver insights into the world in which we live in ways that allow us to overcome the negative legacies of the past and to inform the planning of more positive and progressive futures. It draws upon the work undertaken with the Landscapes and Lifescapes project, a large partnership exploring the historic links between the Scottish Highlands and the Caribbean, to demonstrate how better understandings of the character and consequences of previous development might inform future development in ways that seek to tackle injustices and change unsustainable ways of living. What we show is how taking charge of and reinterpreting the past is intrinsic to allowing the truth (or truths) of the present situation to be brought to the surface and understood, and of providing a more solid platform for overcoming persistent injustices.

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