Desfragmentación edáfica, social y cerámica. Proyecto artístico centrado en el diseño de platos a partir de restos cerámicos encontrados en el agro de Casabermeja, Antequera y Orce

The main objective of this study is the creation of an artistic ceramic project that reflects the current situation of the rural world as a consequence of industrial agriculture. Current agricultural and livestock production systems have negative environmental consequences, such as erosion and pollution, and cultural consequences, such as rural exodus or the extinction of indigenous germplasm. Through the study of the rural world in the municipalities of Casabermeja, Antequera and Orce, it has been possible to verify the detriment of these lands and their culture and, at the same time, the remains of ceramic plates found in these lands reflect this reality. The methodology used is theoretical-practical: through scientific references, the destruction of pre-industrial agricultural practices is exposed against industrial agriculture; experimentation with agricultural production techniques, both traditional and modern, show their compatibility; and, finally, artistic research, which recovers ceramic remains from the past to design three plates. The artistic work is proposed as an information and awareness means of a world problem, showing the compatibility between production and biodiversity, Nature as a source of culture, and human society as a dependent part of Nature. Este estudio tiene como objetivo fundamental la creación de un proyecto artístico de cerámica que refleje la situación actual del mundo rural como consecuencia de la agricultura industrial. Los actuales sistemas de producción agrícola y ganadera tienen consecuencias negativas medioambientales como la erosión y la contaminación, y culturales como el éxodo rural o la extinción de germoplasma autóctono. A través del estudio del mundo rural en los municipios de Casabermeja, Antequera y Orce, se ha podido comprobar el detrimento de estas tierras y su cultura y, al mismo tiempo, en los restos de platos cerámicos hallados en estos terrenos se encuentra el reflejo de esta realidad. La metodología usada es teórico-práctica: mediante referentes científicos se expone la destrucción de las prácticas agropecuarias preindustriales frente a la agricultura industrial; la experimentación con técnicas de producción agrícola, tanto tradicionales como modernas, evidencian su compatibilidad; y, finalmente, la investigación artística, que recupera restos cerámicos del pasado para diseñar tres platos. La obra artística se propone como medio divulgativo y de concienciación de un problema mundial, evidenciando la compatibilidad entre producción y biodiversidad, la Naturaleza como fuente de cultura, y la sociedad humana como parte dependiente de la Naturaleza.

The Charro as a Humorous Rural Stereotype in Mexico in the 1920s

At the beginning of the 20th century, the charro, a traditional figure from the rural world, emerged on the Mexican cultural scene as a relevant stereotype. In the following years, the charro transformed into a national personification of Mexico, especially once it became a key figure of Mexican cinema and mariachi music. Notwithstanding this fact, its trajectory was more convoluted than it seems, and different versions of the character coexisted at least until the 1920s. Whereas the charro was usually represented as an attractive and seductive man, there was also a comic version, portrayed as an overweight or unkempt man with a provincial mentality. The characters played by the comic performer Leopoldo Beristáin and the protagonists of Sunday comic strips, such as Don Catarino and Mamerto Albondiguilla, were some examples of the latter. While the positive interpretation of the charro ended up prevailing as the main iteration of the character, the comic depictions of this stereotype show the rejection and contempt that the urban population felt for a rural world that had invaded the Mexican capital as a result of the revolution—a world perceived as provincial, backward, and laughable, an idea that would dominate foreign and national imageries of Mexico.

The Images of the Other in Intercultural Interaction: on the Problem of Perception of another Culture in Multinational Tatarstan in the 1930-1970s

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Alien / Another / Different images in the cultural space of the Tatar ASSR in the 1930s - 1970s. Based on the archival documents, oral history materials and the example of the multinational region, the author considered intercultural communication and the problems of perception of another / different culture. Much attention is paid to the study of the socio-cultural space of Tatarstan villages. The analyzed material made it possible to find out how the inhabitants of the village and the city perceived the image of the Alien who was once believed to be an Alien in the rural world. The study also revealed how the perception of the Alien had been transformed during the pre-war, military and post-war periods as well as whether there is a difference in the perception of the Alien on the part of locals and newcomers. As a result of the research, the images of the Alien were created through the characteristics of alimentary qualities through clothing and appearance, as well as behavioral aspects. The author came to conclusion that the image of the Alien was more often formed as general knowledge about the social, spiritual and material culture of representatives of various people living nearby. In intercultural communication, which often took a form of a dialogue, the formula was “ours – another”, not “ours - alien’s”. According to the author, the experience of long-term residence of the people, inhabiting the Tatar ASSR, had a positive impact on the dialogue and interpenetration of cultures.

Communication Participative dans les Champ Ecole Paysans Pour L’amelioration des Systemes de Cultures Pluviales dans le Departement de Diffa au Niger

La présente étude a pour objectif d’évaluer l’efficacité et le rôle de la communication participative dans les champ école paysans (CEP) mis en œuvre par la Chambre Régionale d’Agriculture (CRA) de Diffa (Niger). La méthodologie utilisée s’est appuyée sur la recherche documentaire, l’observation directe, les enquêtes de terrain auprès des apprenants, des responsables des CEP et des encadreurs (CRA). Au total, 112 personnes, réparties en 96 apprenants, 12 responsables de CEP et 4 encadreurs de CRA, ont été enquêtées sur six sites d’intervention du CRA/Diffa dont trois sites dans la commune urbaine de Diffa, deux sites dans la commune rurale de Gueskerou et un site dans la commune rurale de Chetimari. L’analyse des données a été faite au moyen du logiciel Sphinx V5. Les résultats de l’étude ont montré des taux de l’ordre de 80% à 100% pour le degré de participation au CEP des apprenants, un niveau de connaissance de 100% du thème principal. Il ressort, aussi, des résultats de l’étude un taux allant de 78,12% à 100% de niveau d’adoption des techniques et pratiques agricoles par les apprenants. L’approche CEP, en tant que méthodologie de recherche-action formative et participative, se présente comme une voie convaincante pour faciliter l’adoption et la diffusion des innovations à travers le monde rural. L’originalité et la simplicité du processus permetent non seulement une meilleure appropriation des innovations, mais aussi une participation active des paysans à la production végétale vivrière d‘où une valorisation de la fonction paysanne. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and role of participatory communication in the Farmer Field School (FFS) implemented by the Regional Chamber of Agriculture (RCA) of Diffa (Niger). The methodology used was based on documentary research, direct observation, field surveys of learners, CEP managers and supervisors (CRAs). A total of 112 people divided into 96 learners, 12 FFS managers and 4 RCA supervisors, were surveyed at six RCA / Diffa intervention sites, including three sites in the urban municipality of Diffa, two sites in the rural municipality of Gueskerou and a site in the rural commune of Chetimari. Data analysis is done using Sphinx V5 software. The results of the study showed rates in the order of 80% to 100% for the degree of participation in the FFS of the learners, a level of knowledge of 100% of the main topic. The results of the study also show a rate ranging from 78.12% to 100% of the level of adoption of agricultural techniques and practices by learners. The FFS approach, as a formative and participatory action research methodology, presents itself as a convincing avenue to facilitate the adoption and dissemination of innovations throughout the rural world. The originality and the simplicity of its processes not only allow a better appropriation of innovations, but also an active participation of the farmers in agronomic production and therefore, an enhancement of the farmers function.

Amerindian Wayúu Legacy and Garciamarquezian Literary Fable

García Márquez is the only novelist of the so-called Latin American Boom whose origins lie in the rural world. Does this bear on his personal upbringing, and does it project onto his literary fabulation/storytelling? This article attempts to reply in the affirmative to these questions, recognizing the intercultural and regional context whence the author comes and carrying out a perspectivist reading that will compare the highly frequent images of the supernatural in his stories and novels to the hierophantic images of Wayúu-Amerindian narrative tradition—to which the domestic servants who accompanied his childhood in the home of his maternal grandparents in Aracataca belonged. Among the author’s narratives, the first explicit mention of the Wayúu people (the Guajiros) occurs in “Monologue of Isabel Watching It Rain in Macondo.” And his intercultural childhood, which can be read as an autobiographical trait, is noticeable in the character Ulises’s heteroglossia in “Eréndira,” in the Buendía children in One Hundred Years of Solitude, and in Sierva María in Of Love and Other Demons. The article argues that the intercultural childhood of the novelist is the source of the co-presence of the natural and the supernatural as unfolded in these writings, which had Colombian culture and history almost as their exclusive subjects. To this innovative reinvention of the Colombian nation, the article attributes two larger cultural consequences: first, the subversion of national literary tradition, and second, the change in Colombia’s self-image brought about by its reception.

10th EURIPA Rural Health Forum “Understanding our Patients - working closely together”. Abstract Book 23 - 25th September 2021

2021 is probably an important milestone to rural world. Lockdown, social distancing, pandemic, climate change, greenhouse effects, planetary health.... all these key words in the same pot. The consequences of these terrible circumstances are already alarming. We will have to work closely with our patients, working together, thinking together, not only as professionals but also as global citizens. Join us, in the most appropriate way, to share the present and build the future. Jean Pierre Jacquet President of EURIPA

Gender Relations and Female Agency in Claire Keegan’s Antarctica

Claire Keegan is one of the most prominent voices within the contemporary Irish short story panorama. Internationally acclaimed, her prose has been praised for its frank and bitter portrayal of a rural world, whose outdated values, no matter how anchored in the past they might be, still prevail in a modern milieu. Keegan’s unsympathetic views on society, mainly on the Catholic Church and the family, are the main targets of her harsh criticism. Issues like gender and sexuality, two social constructs with which to validate an uneven distribution of power, constitute the pillars of most of her plots. Bearing these aspects in mind, my proposal focuses on the analysis of Keegan’s first collection of short stories, Antarctica 1999, in light of gender relations and female agency, in an attempt to find patterns of – often thwarted – female emancipation in the context of the rapid changes of a society that is still adjusting to a globalised world. This article will also engage in the discussion of her second collection, Walk the Blue Fields 2007, and her long short story Foster 2010.

Typologie des exploitations agricoles : caractérisation et accès aux services agricoles au Bénin (Afrique de l’Ouest)

Le secteur agricole constitue un levier très important du développement de l’économie béninoise. Il est dominé par la présence d’exploitations agricoles qui mènent plusieurs activités. L’objectif de cette étude était de caractériser ces exploitations agricoles et d’analyser leurs accès aux services agricoles au Bénin. Les données ont été collectées à l’aide des questionnaires et de guide d’entretien auprès d’un échantillon de 4880 exploitions agricoles. L’analyse typologique a été faite à l’aide d’une classification ascendante hiérarchique et d’une analyse en composantes principales. L’analyse du taux d’accès des exploitants agricoles aux services agricoles a été faite grâce aux statistiques descriptives et au calcul de pourcentage dans des tableaux croisés. L’analyse des variances a permis d’analyser les variations des taux d’accès des services agricoles entre les classes d’exploitations agricoles. Les résultats de l’étude ont montré qu’il existe trois catégories d’exploitations agricoles au Bénin. Il s’agit des gros agriculteurs (27,91%), des agriculteurs moyens (21,45%) et les petits agriculteurs qui sont majoritairement représentés (50,64%). L’appartenance à l’un ou l’autre des groupes d’exploitation est déterminée par la superficie des champs, le nombre d’actifs agricoles, l’utilisation de la traction motorisée, de la traction animale, le nombre de têtes de bovins, etc. L’analyse du taux d’accès des exploitations agricoles aux services agricoles a révélé que ces taux varient d’une catégorie d’exploitation à une autre. Cette étude permettra aux décideurs politiques de définir et bien orienter les politiques de recherches développement vers les acteurs du monde rural. The agricultural sector is a very important lever for the development of the Beninese economy. It is dominated by the presence of farms that carry out several activities. The objective of this study was to characterize these farms and to analyze their access to agricultural services in Benin. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview guides from a sample of 4880 farms. The cluster analysis was done using an ascending hierarchical classification and principal component analysis. The analysis of the access rate of farmers to agricultural services was made through descriptive statistics and percentage calculation in cross tables. The analysis of variances was used to analyze the variations in the rates of access to agricultural services between the classes of agricultural holdings. The results of the study showed that there are three categories of farms in Benin. These are large farmers (27.91%), medium farmers (21.45%) and small farmers who are mostly represented (50.64%). Membership in one or another of the farming groups is determined by the area of the fields, the number of agricultural workers, the use of motorized traction, animal traction, the number of heads of cattle. , etc. Analysis of the access rate of farms to agricultural services revealed that these rates vary from one farm category to another. This study will enable political decision-makers to define and properly orient development research policies towards actors in the rural world.

Theoretical Approach to Agroturism and Its Contribution to Local Development

Tourism as a driver of local development. It is also an international practice with results exhibited by countries from various latitudes. Therefore, a tourist management is imposed who allows the identification of gaps in tourist competitiveness, customer satisfaction, increased income, and an improvement in the quality of the population life. Today, city dwellers appreciate the rural world as the corner where tranquility, authenticity, nature, traditions, among other riches, are treasured. This new concept of rural tourism makes it possible for the great tourist currents to seek other spaces that are not only sun and beach destinations, as well as representing an attractive alternative for tourists. The following article makes a reflection on the basis of the main concepts and trends linked to agrotourism as local development strategies in order to facilitate the correct management of this tourism modality. Hence, theoretical methods were used such as analysis and synthesis, historical-logical, systemic structural; and empirical ones such as scientific observation, interview, study of normative documents, among others. As a result, the bases were laid for the theoretical-practical deepening of the research and a group of conditions are proposed that allow rural tourism to develop as an outstanding framework of the agricultural sector, and diversify the offer so that it behaves as a decisive factor in local development. The study has been validated and presented at national and international scientific events with positive results.