scholarly journals Very preterm infants engage in an intervention to train their control of attention: results from the feasibility study of the Attention Control Training (ACT) randomised trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Perra ◽  
Sam Wass ◽  
Alison McNulty ◽  
David Sweet ◽  
Kostas A. Papageorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Very premature birth (gestational age between 28 and 31 + 6 weeks) is associated with increased risk of cognitive delay and attention deficit disorder, which have been linked to anomalies in the development of executive functions (EFs) and their precursors. In particular, very preterm (VP) infants display anomalies in controlling attention and gathering task-relevant information. Early interventions that support attention control may be pivotal in providing a secure base for VP children’s later attainments. The Attention Control Training (ACT) is a cognitive training intervention that targets infants’ abilities to select visual information according to varying task demands but had not been tested in VP infants. We conducted a feasibility study to test the processes we intend to use in a trial delivering the ACT to VP infants. Methods and design We tested recruitment and retention of VP infants and their families in a randomised trial, as well as acceptability and completion of baseline and outcome measures. To evaluate these aims, we used descriptive quantitative statistics and qualitative methods to analyse feedback from infants’ caregivers. We also investigated the quality of eye-tracking data collected and indicators of infants’ engagement in the training, using descriptive statistics. Results Twelve VP infants were recruited, and 10 (83%) completed the study. Participants’ parents had high education attainment. The rate of completion of baseline and outcome measures was optimal. VP infants demonstrated engagement in the training, completing on average 84 min of training over three visits, and displaying improved performance during this training. Eye-tracking data quality was moderate, but this did not interfere with infants’ engagement in the training. Discussion The results suggest the ACT can be delivered to VP infants. However, challenges remain in recruitment of numerous and diverse samples. We discuss strategies to overcome these challenges informed by results of this study. Trial registration Registered Registration ID: NCT03896490. Retrospectively registered at Clinical Trials Protocol Registration and Results System (clinicaltrials.gov).

scholarly journals Correction to: Very preterm infants engage in an intervention to train their control of attention: results from the feasibility study of the attention control training (ACT) randomised trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Perra ◽  
Sam Wass ◽  
Alison McNulty ◽  
David Sweet ◽  
Kostas A. Papageorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Training attention control of very preterm infants: protocol for a feasibility study of the Attention Control Training (ACT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Perra ◽  
Sam Wass ◽  
Alison McNulty ◽  
David Sweet ◽  
Kostas Papageorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm

Rapid Preparation of Eye Tracking Data For Debriefing In Medical Training: A Feasibility Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 733-737
Author(s):  
E. Wolf ◽  
R. Heinrich ◽  
A. Michalek ◽  
D. Schraudt ◽  
A. Hohm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Rapid Preparation ◽  
Patient Simulator ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Simulation-based medical training is an increasingly used method to improve the technical and non-technical performance of clinical staff. An essential part of training is the debriefing of the participants, often using audio, video, or even eye tracking recordings. We conducted a practice-oriented feasibility study to test an eye tracking data preparation procedure, which automatically provided information about the gaze distribution on areas of interest such as the vital sign monitor or the patient simulator. We acquired eye tracking data during three simulation scenarios and provided gaze distribution data for debriefing within 30 minutes. Additionally, we qualitatively evaluated the usefulness of the generated eye tracking data for debriefings. Participating students and debriefers were mostly positive about the data provided; however, future research should improve the technical side of the procedure and investigate best practices regarding how to present and use the data in debriefings.

scholarly journals Feasibility study protocol of a pragmatic, randomised controlled pilot trial: membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy—the MILO Study

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine M. Finucane ◽  
Linda Biesty ◽  
Deirdre Murphy ◽  
Amanda Cotter ◽  
Eleanor Molloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Post Term Pregnancy

Abstract Background Post-term pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal complications, respiratory distress and trauma to the neonate. Amniotic membrane sweeping has been recommended as a simple procedure to promote the spontaneous onset of labour. However, despite its widespread use, there is an absence of evidence on (a) its effectiveness and (b) its optimal timing and frequency. The primary aim of the MILO Study is to inform the optimal design of a future definitive randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness (including optimal timing and frequency) of membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy. We will also assess the acceptability and feasibility of the proposed trial interventions to clinicians and women (through focus group interviews). Methods/design Multicentre, pragmatic, parallel-group, pilot randomised controlled trial with an embedded factorial design. Pregnant women with a live, singleton foetus ≥ 38 weeks gestation; cephalic presentation; longitudinal lie; intact membranes; English speaking and ≥ 18 years of age will be randomised in a 2:1 ratio to membrane sweep versus no membrane sweep. Women allocated randomly to a sweep will then be randomised further (factorial component) to early (from 39 weeks) versus late (from 40 weeks) sweep commencement and a single versus weekly sweep. The proposed feasibility study consists of four work packages, i.e. (1) a multicentre, pilot randomised trial; (2) a health economic analysis; (3) a qualitative study; and (4) a study within the host trial (a SWAT). Outcomes to be collected include recruitment and retention rates, compliance with protocol, randomisation and allocation processes, attrition rates and cost-effectiveness. Focus groups will be held with women and clinicians to explore the acceptability and feasibility of the proposed intervention, study procedures and perceived barriers and enablers to recruitment. Discussion The primary aim of the MILO Study is to inform the optimal design of a future definitive randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness (including optimal timing and frequency) of membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy. Results will inform whether and how the design of the definitive trial as originally envisaged should be delivered or adapted. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04307199. Registered on 12 March 2020

scholarly journals Covert eye-tracking: an innovative method to investigate compliance with instructions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anine Riege ◽  
Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe ◽  
Gaëlle Vallée-Tourangeau
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Research Paradigms ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Fixation Durations

AbstractThe present study introduces a covert eye-tracking procedure as an innovative approach to investigate the adequacy of research paradigms used in psychology. In light of the ongoing debate regarding ego depletion, the frequently used “attention-control video task” was chosen to illustrate the method. Most participants did not guess that their eyes had been monitored, but some participants had to be excluded due to poor tracking ratio. The eye-tracking data revealed that the attention-control instructions had a significant impact on the number of fixations, revisits, fixation durations, and proportion of long fixation durations on the AOIs (all BF10 > 18.2). However, number of fixations and proportions of long fixation durations did not mediate cognitive performance. The results illustrate the promise of covert eye-tracking methodology to assess task compliance, as well as adding to the current discussion regarding whether the difficulties of replicating “ego depletion” may be in part due to poor task compliance in the video task.

scholarly journals Feasibility study protocol of a pragmatic, randomised controlled pilot trial: Membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy: The MILO Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Finucane ◽  
Linda Biesty ◽  
Deirdre J Murphy ◽  
Amanda Cotter ◽  
Eleanor J Molloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Post Term Pregnancy

Abstract BackgroundPost-term pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal complications, respiratory distress and trauma to the neonate. Amniotic membrane sweeping has been recommended as a simple procedure to promote the spontaneous onset of labour. However, despite its widespread use, there is an absence of evidence on a) its effectiveness and b) its optimal timing and frequency. The primary aim of the MILO study is to inform the optimal design of a future definitive randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness (including optimal timing and frequency) of membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy. We will also assess the acceptability and feasibility of the proposed trial interventions to clinicians and women (through focus group interviews).Methods/DesignMulticentre, pragmatic, parallel group, pilot randomised controlled trial with an embedded factorial design. Pregnant women with a live, singleton fetus ≥ 38 weeks gestation, cephalic presentation, longitudinal lie, intact membranes, English speaking and ≥18 years of age will be randomised in a 2:1 ratio to:- Membrane sweep versus no membrane sweepWomen allocated randomly to a sweep will then be randomised further (factorial component) to:- early (from 39 weeks) versus late (from 40 weeks) sweep commencement; and- a single verses weekly sweepThe proposed feasibility study consists of four work packages i.e., (1) a multicentre, pilot randomised trial, 2) a health economic analysis and 3) a qualitative study (4) a study within the host trial (a SWAT).Outcomes to be collected include: recruitment and retention rates, compliance with protocol, randomisation and allocation processes, attrition rates and cost-effectiveness.Focus groups will be held with women and clinicians to explore the acceptability and feasibility of the proposed intervention, study procedures and perceived barriers and enablers to recruitment.DiscussionThe primary aim of the MILO study is to inform the optimal design of a future definitive randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness (including optimal timing and frequency) of membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy. Results will inform whether and how the design of the definitive trial as originally envisaged should be delivered or adapted.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT04307199. Registered 12th March 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04307199?id=NCT04307199&draw=2&rank=1

scholarly journals Feasibility study protocol of a pragmatic, randomised controlled pilot trial: Membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy: The MILO Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Finucane ◽  
Linda Biesty ◽  
Deirdre J Murphy ◽  
Amanda Cotter ◽  
Eleanor J Molloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Post Term Pregnancy

Abstract Background Post-term pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal complications, respiratory distress and trauma to the neonate. Amniotic membrane sweeping has been recommended as a simple procedure to promote the spontaneous onset of labour. However, despite its widespread use, there is an absence of evidence on a) its effectiveness and b) its optimal timing and frequency. The primary aim of the MILO study is to inform the optimal design of a future definitive randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness (including optimal timing and frequency) of membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy. We will also assess the acceptability and feasibility of the proposed trial interventions to clinicians and women (through focus group interviews).Methods/Design Multicentre, pragmatic, parallel group, pilot randomised controlled trial with an embedded factorial design. Pregnant women with a live, singleton fetus ≥ 38 weeks gestation, cephalic presentation, longitudinal lie, intact membranes, English speaking and ≥18 years of age will be randomised in a 2:1 ratio to:Membrane sweep versus no membrane sweep Women allocated randomly to a sweep will then be randomised further (factorial component) to:early (from 39 weeks) versus late (from 40 weeks) sweep commencement; and a single verses weekly sweep The proposed feasibility study consists of four work packages i.e., (1) a multicentre, pilot randomised trial, 2) a health economic analysis and 3) a qualitative study (4) a study within the host trial (a SWAT). Outcomes to be collected include: recruitment and retention rates, compliance with protocol, randomisation and allocation processes, attrition rates and cost-effectiveness. Focus groups will be held with women and clinicians to explore the acceptability and feasibility of the proposed intervention, study procedures and perceived barriers and enablers to recruitment.Discussion The primary aim of the MILO study is to inform the optimal design of a future definitive randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness (including optimal timing and frequency) of membrane sweeping to prevent post-term pregnancy. Results will inform whether and how the design of the definitive trial as originally envisaged should be delivered or adapted.Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT04307199. Registered 12th March 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04307199?id=NCT04307199&draw=2&rank=1

scholarly journals Covert eye-tracking: an innovative method to investigate compliance with instructions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anine Heyerdahl Riege ◽  
Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe ◽  
Gaëlle Vallée-Tourangeau
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Research Paradigms ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Fixation Durations

The present study introduces a covert eye-tracking procedure as an innovative approach to investigate the adequacy of research paradigms used in psychology. In light of the ongoing debate regarding ego depletion, the frequently used “attention-control video task” was chosen to illustrate the method. Most participants did not guess that their eyes had been monitored, but some participants had to be excluded due to poor tracking ratio. The eye-tracking data revealed that the attention-control instructions had a significant impact on the number of fixations, revisits, fixation durations, and proportion of long fixation durations on the AOIs (all BF10 > 18.2). However, number of fixations and proportions of long fixation durations did not mediate cognitive performance. The results illustrate the promise of covert eye-tracking methodology to assess task compliance, as well as adding to the current discussion regarding whether the difficulties of replicating “ego depletion” may be in part due to poor task compliance in the video task.

The Opposition of Surprisal and Semantic Similarity in the Prediction of Language Processing: Evidence from Eye-tracking Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Dynamic Approach

Expectations or predictions about upcoming content play an important role during language comprehension and processing. One important aspect of recent studies of language comprehension and processing concerns the estimation of the upcoming words in a sentence or discourse. Many studies have used eye-tracking data to explore computational and cognitive models for contextual word predictions and word processing. Eye-tracking data has previously been widely explored with a view to investigating the factors that influence word prediction. However, these studies are problematic on several levels, including the stimuli, corpora, statistical tools they applied. Although various computational models have been proposed for simulating contextual word predictions, past studies usually preferred to use a single computational model. The disadvantage of this is that it often cannot give an adequate account of cognitive processing in language comprehension. To avoid these problems, this study draws upon a massive natural and coherent discourse as stimuli in collecting the data on reading time. This study trains two state-of-art computational models (surprisal and semantic (dis)similarity from word vectors by linear discriminative learning (LDL)), measuring knowledge of both the syntagmatic and paradigmatic structure of language. We develop a `dynamic approach' to compute semantic (dis)similarity. It is the first time that these two computational models have been merged. Models are evaluated using advanced statistical methods. Meanwhile, in order to test the efficiency of our approach, one recently developed cosine method of computing semantic (dis)similarity based on word vectors data adopted is used to compare with our `dynamic' approach. The two computational and fixed-effect statistical models can be used to cross-verify the findings, thus ensuring that the result is reliable. All results support that surprisal and semantic similarity are opposed in the prediction of the reading time of words although both can make good predictions. Additionally, our `dynamic' approach performs better than the popular cosine method. The findings of this study are therefore of significance with regard to acquiring a better understanding how humans process words in a real-world context and how they make predictions in language cognition and processing.

Attentional Bias to Untrustworthy Faces: Evidence From Eye Tracking Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1508
Author(s):  
Qiandong WANG ◽  
Qinggong LI ◽  
Kaikai CHEN ◽  
Genyue FU
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Tracking Data
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