Only two subscales of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire are culturally relevant for people with chronic low back pain in Nigerian Igbo populations: a cross-cultural adaptation and validation study

Abstract Background Pain coping strategies are important in the chronicity of low back pain and the associated disability. However, their exact influence is unknown in many African contexts such as rural Nigeria due to lack of outcome instruments with which to measure them. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and psychometrically test the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) in Igbo populations in Nigeria. Methods The CSQ was forward and back translated by clinical and non-clinical translators; evaluated by an expert review committee. The translated measure was piloted amongst twelve rural Nigerian dwellers with chronic low back pain (CLBP) using the think-aloud cognitive interviewing style. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), test–retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient—ICC and Bland–Altman plot), and minimal detectable change were examined amongst 50 people with CLBP in rural and urban Nigerian populations. Construct validity was determined by assessing the correlations between the adapted CSQ and measures of disability, pain intensity, fear avoidance beliefs, and illness perceptions using Spearman’s correlation analyses with 200 adults with CLBP in rural Nigeria. Exploratory factor analyses using Kaiser criterion (eigenvalue) and parallel analysis as methods for determining dimensionality were conducted with the same sample. Results Fourteen out of 42 items were routinely adopted in this population including all items of catastrophising subscale, and all but one item of praying and hoping subscale. Catastrophising and praying and hoping subscales had the highest Cronbach’s alpha. All subscales had high ICCs with Bland–Altman plots that showed good agreement. All coping strategies were positively correlated with self-reported disability and pain intensity with catastrophising subscale having the highest values. Seven-factor and three-factor structures were produced with the Kaiser criterion and parallel analysis, with different items from the original CSQ, except for catastrophising. Conclusions Catastrophising and praying and hoping may be the relevant coping strategies in this population. More culturally relevant measures of pain coping strategies that include adaptive coping strategies may need to be developed for African contexts such as rural Nigeria.

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Adaptation and validation of the Nigerian Igbo Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in patients with chronic low back pain

Measurement Instruments for the Social Sciences ◽

10.1186/s42409-021-00026-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chinonso Nwamaka Igwesi-Chidobe ◽

Sheila Kitchen ◽

Isaac Olubunmi Sorinola ◽

Emma Louise Godfrey

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Parallel Analysis ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Low Back ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Rural Nigeria ◽

Kaiser Criterion

Abstract Introduction Social support may be important in the perpetuation of symptoms in chronic low back pain (CLBP). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) is one of the best measures of social support with applicability in Africa. Aims The aims of this study were to translate, culturally adapt, test–retest, and assess cross-sectional psychometric properties of the Igbo-MSPSS. Methods Forward and backward translation of the MSPSS was done by clinicians and non-clinician translators and evaluated by a specialist review committee. The adapted measure was piloted amongst twelve adults with CLBP in rural Nigeria. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficient were used for investigating internal consistency. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC: two-way random effects model, average of raters’ measurements, absolute definition of agreement) reflecting both the degree of correlation and agreement between measurements was used for the statistical investigation of test–retest reliability. Criterion validity of the adapted measure was investigated with the eleven-point box scale, back performance scale, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, and World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule amongst 200 people with CLBP in rural Nigeria using Spearman’s correlation analyses. Exploratory factor analyses conducted using Kaiser criterion and parallel analysis as methods for determining dimensionality were used to determine the structural validity of the adapted measure amongst the same sample of 200 rural dwellers. Results Igbo-MSPSS had excellent internal consistency (0.88) and ICC of 0.82. There were moderate correlations with measures associated with the social support construct. The same item–factor pattern in the three-dimensional structure (with Kaiser criterion) as in the original measure and a two-dimensional structure (with parallel analysis) were produced. Conclusions Igbo-MSPSS is a measure of social support with some evidence of validity and reliability and can be used clinically or for research. Future studies are required to confirm its validity and reliability.

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Pain coping strategies in a Dutch population of chronic low back pain patients

Pain ◽

10.1016/0304-3959(89)90155-3 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 77-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Philip Spinhoven ◽

Moniek M. Ter Kuile ◽

Corry G.A. Linssen ◽

Bert Gazendam

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Chronic Low Back Pain ◽

Low Back ◽

Pain Coping ◽

Dutch Population ◽

Pain Patients

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Analyzing chronic low back pain: the relative contribution of pain coping strategies

Pain ◽

10.1016/0304-3959(90)91126-4 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 293-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 110

Author(s):

Francis J. Keefe ◽

James Crisson ◽

Bruno J. Urban ◽

David A. Williams

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Chronic Low Back Pain ◽

Low Back ◽

Pain Coping ◽

Relative Contribution

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Unconventional Practitioners’ Causal Beliefs and Treatment Strategies for Chronic Low Back Pain in Rural Nigeria

Health Services Insights ◽

10.1177/1178632918808783 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 117863291880878 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chinonso N Igwesi-Chidobe ◽

Isaac O Sorinola ◽

Sheila Kitchen ◽

Emma L Godfrey

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Chronic Low Back Pain ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Causal Beliefs ◽

Low Back ◽

Rural Nigeria

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An Evaluation of an Innovative Exercise to Relieve Chronic Low Back Pain in Sedentary Workers

Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ◽

10.1177/0018720820966082 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 001872082096608

Author(s):

Pongsatorn Saiklang ◽

Rungthip Puntumetakul ◽

James Selfe ◽

Gillian Yeowell

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Muscle Fatigue ◽

Chronic Low Back Pain ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Trunk Muscle ◽

Low Back ◽

Prolonged Sitting ◽

Lumbar Extension

Objective The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of a novel supported dynamic lumbar extension with the abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) technique on stature change, deep abdominal muscle activity, trunk muscle fatigue, and pain intensity during prolonged sitting in chronic low back pain (CLBP) participants. Background Prolonged sitting can cause trunk muscle fatigue from continuous contraction of deep trunk muscles in seated postures. Deficiency of activity of deep muscles can reduce muscular support of the spine, causing stress on spinal structures, which could result in pain. Method Thirty participants with CLBP were randomly allocated: (a) control—sitting without exercise, and (b) intervention—supported dynamic lumbar extension with the ADIM technique. Results Compared to the intervention condition, the control condition demonstrated significantly greater deterioration in stature change, increased levels of deep trunk muscle fatigue, and an increase in pain during prolonged sitting. Conclusion The supported dynamic lumbar extension with the ADIM technique appears to provide a protective effect on detrimental stature change and deep trunk muscle fatigue. In addition, it prevented an increase in pain intensity during prolonged sitting in people with CLBP. Application Sedentary behavior harms health, particularly affecting the lower back. Clinicians can use the intervention to induce dynamic lumbar movement, and this exercise can maintain deep trunk muscle activity during prolonged sitting, thereby helping to prevent low back pain (LBP) problems.

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Pain Intensity and Fear Avoidance Explain Disability Related to Chronic Low Back Pain in a Saudi Arabian Population

Spine ◽

10.1097/brs.0000000000003002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (15) ◽

pp. E889-E898 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dalyah M. Alamam ◽

Niamh Moloney ◽

Andrew Leaver ◽

Hana I. Alsobayel ◽

Martin G. Mackey

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Chronic Low Back Pain ◽

Saudi Arabian ◽

Low Back ◽

Fear Avoidance ◽

Arabian Population

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Comparative Associations of Working Memory and Pain Catastrophizing With Chronic Low Back Pain Intensity

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20150335 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (7) ◽

pp. 1049-1056 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Corey B. Simon ◽

Trevor A. Lentz ◽

Mark D. Bishop ◽

Joseph L. Riley ◽

Roger B. Fillingim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Chronic Low Back Pain ◽

Pain Catastrophizing ◽

Future Research ◽

Low Back ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Daily Pain

Abstract Background Because of its high global burden, determining biopsychosocial influences of chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a research priority. Psychological factors such as pain catastrophizing are well established. However, cognitive factors such as working memory warrant further investigation to be clinically useful. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine how working memory and pain catastrophizing are associated with CLBP measures of daily pain intensity and movement-evoked pain intensity. Design This study was a cross-sectional analysis of individuals with ≥3 months of CLBP (n=60) compared with pain-free controls (n=30). Method Participants completed measures of working memory, pain catastrophizing, and daily pain intensity. Movement-evoked pain intensity was assessed using the Back Performance Scale. Outcome measures were compared between individuals with CLBP and those who were pain-free using nonparametric testing. Associations were determined using multivariate regression analyses. Results Participants with CLBP (mean age=47.7 years, 68% female) had lower working memory performance (P=.008) and higher pain catastrophizing (P<.001) compared with pain-free controls (mean age=47.6 years, 63% female). For individuals with CLBP, only working memory remained associated with daily pain intensity (R2=.07, standardized beta=−.308, P=.041) and movement-evoked pain intensity (R2=.14, standardized beta=−.502, P=.001) after accounting for age, sex, education, and interactions between pain catastrophizing and working memory. Limitations The cross-sectional design prevented prospective analysis. Findings also are not indicative of overall working memory (eg, spatial) or cognitive performance. Conclusion Working memory demonstrated the strongest association with daily pain and movement-evoked pain intensity compared with (and after accounting for) established CLBP factors. Future research will elucidate the prognostic value of working memory on prevention and recovery of CLBP.

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