scholarly journals Data-driven internal multiple elimination and its consequences for imaging: A comparison of strategies

Geophysics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. S365-S372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lele Zhang ◽  
Jan Thorbecke ◽  
Kees Wapenaar ◽  
Evert Slob
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Scattering ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Multiple Reflection ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Transmission Losses ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Inverse Scattering Series ◽  
Multiple Elimination

We have compared three data-driven internal multiple reflection elimination schemes derived from the Marchenko equations and inverse scattering series (ISS). The two schemes derived from Marchenko equations are similar but use different truncation operators. The first scheme creates a new data set without internal multiple reflections. The second scheme does the same and compensates for transmission losses in the primary reflections. The scheme derived from ISS is equal to the result after the first iteration of the first Marchenko-based scheme. It can attenuate internal multiple reflections with residuals. We evaluate the success of these schemes with 2D numerical examples. It is shown that Marchenko-based data-driven schemes are relatively more robust for internal multiple reflection elimination at a higher computational cost.

A fast algorithm for multiple elimination and transmission compensation in primary reflections

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (1) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lele Zhang ◽  
Evert Slob
Keyword(s):  
Computational Cost ◽  
Initial Estimate ◽  
Transmission Losses ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Acoustic Reflection ◽  
Time Value ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Multiple Elimination

SUMMARY The transmission compensated primary reflections can be obtained from the single-sided acoustic reflection response in the two-way traveltime domain. This is achieved by eliminating free-surface and internal multiple reflections and compensating for transmission losses in primary reflections without model information. The substantial computational cost of the proposed scheme can be reduced by an order of magnitude with a fast implementation version. This is achieved by using the previously computed filter functions as initial estimate for every new truncation time value. We evaluate the success of the scheme with simple and complex 2-D numerical examples. We find that the scheme has excellent performance in most cases, except for the case where strong reflectors are present. In such case, the current scheme suffers from lack of convergence.

scholarly journals Relating source-receiver interferometry to an inverse-scattering series to derive a new method to estimate internal multiples

Geophysics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. Q27-Q40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Löer ◽  
Andrew Curtis ◽  
Giovanni Angelo Meles
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Scattering ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Inverse Scattering Series ◽  
Internal Multiples ◽  
Multiple Prediction ◽  
New Formula ◽  
3D Applications ◽  
Insight Into

We have evaluated an explicit relationship between the representations of internal multiples by source-receiver interferometry and an inverse-scattering series. This provides a new insight into the interaction of different terms in each of these internal multiple prediction equations and explains why amplitudes of estimated multiples are typically incorrect. A downside of the existing representations is that their computational cost is extremely high, which can be a precluding factor especially in 3D applications. Using our insight from source-receiver interferometry, we have developed an alternative, computationally more efficient way to predict internal multiples. The new formula is based on crosscorrelation and convolution: two operations that are computationally cheap and routinely used in interferometric methods. We have compared the results of the standard and the alternative formulas qualitatively in terms of the constructed wavefields and quantitatively in terms of the computational cost using examples from a synthetic data set.

Migration with reduced artifacts from internal multiple reflections

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. A25-A29
Author(s):  
Lele Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Multiple Elimination

Migration of seismic reflection data leads to artifacts due to the presence of internal multiple reflections. Recent developments have shown that these artifacts can be avoided using Marchenko redatuming or Marchenko multiple elimination. These are powerful concepts, but their implementation comes at a considerable computational cost. We have derived a scheme to image the subsurface of the medium with significantly reduced computational cost and artifacts. This scheme is based on the projected Marchenko equations. The measured reflection response is required as input, and a data set with primary reflections and nonphysical primary reflections is created. Original and retrieved data sets are migrated, and the migration images are multiplied with each other, after which the square root is taken to give the artifact-reduced image. We showed the underlying theory and introduced the effectiveness of this scheme with a 2D numerical example.

scholarly journals Transmission compensated primary reflection retrieval in the data domain and consequences for imaging

Geophysics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. Q27-Q36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lele Zhang ◽  
Jan Thorbecke ◽  
Kees Wapenaar ◽  
Evert Slob
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Transmission Losses ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
The One ◽  
The Time Domain

We have developed a scheme that retrieves primary reflections in the two-way traveltime domain by filtering the data. The data have their own filter that removes internal multiple reflections, whereas the amplitudes of the retrieved primary reflections are compensated for two-way transmission losses. Application of the filter does not require any model information. It consists of convolutions and correlations of the data with itself. A truncation in the time domain is applied after each convolution or correlation. The retrieved data set can be used as the input to construct a better velocity model than the one that would be obtained by working directly with the original data and to construct an enhanced subsurface image. Two 2D numerical examples indicate the effectiveness of the method. We have studied bandwidth limitations by analyzing the effects of a thin layer. The presence of refracted and scattered waves is a known limitation of the method, and we studied it as well. Our analysis indicates that a thin layer is treated as a more complicated reflector, and internal multiple reflections related to the thin layer are properly removed. We found that the presence of refracted and scattered waves generates artifacts in the retrieved data.

Enhancing internal multiple prediction by using the inverse scattering series: methodology and field application

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-70
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Zhiming Wu ◽  
Frederico Xavier de Melo ◽  
Cintia Mariela Lapilli ◽  
Clément Kostov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Scattering ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Nearest Neighbor Search ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Model Quality ◽  
Inverse Scattering Series ◽  
Multiple Prediction

We introduce four approaches that dramatically enhance the application of the inverse scattering series method for field data internal multiple prediction. The first approach aims to tackle challenges related to input data conditioning and interpolation. We addressed this through an efficient and fit-for-purpose data regularization strategy, which in this work was a nearest-neighbor search followed by differential moveout to accommodate various acquisition configurations. The second approach addresses cost challenges through applying angle constraints over both the dip angle and opening angle, reducing computational cost without compromising the model’s quality. We also propose an automatic solution for parameterization. The third approach segments the prediction by limiting the range of the multiple’s generator, which can benefit the subsequent adaptive subtraction. The fourth approach works on improving predicted model quality. The strategy includes correctly incorporating the 3D source effect and obliquity factor to enhance the amplitude fidelity of the predicted multiples in terms of frequency spectrum and angle information. We illustrate challenges and report on the improvements in cost, quality or both from the new innovative approaches, using examples from synthetic data and from three field data 2D lines representative of shallow and of deep water environments.

scholarly journals A field data example of Marchenko multiple elimination

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. S65-S70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lele Zhang ◽  
Evert Slob
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Coherent Noise ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Model Independent ◽  
Multiple Elimination

Internal multiple reflections have been widely considered as coherent noise in measured seismic data, and many approaches have been developed for their attenuation. The Marchenko multiple elimination (MME) scheme eliminates internal multiple reflections without model information or adaptive subtraction. This scheme was originally derived from coupled Marchenko equations, but it was modified to make it model independent. It filters primary reflections with their two-way traveltimes and physical amplitudes from measured seismic data. The MME scheme is applied to a deepwater field data set from the Norwegian North Sea to evaluate its success in removing internal multiple reflections. The result indicates that most internal multiple reflections are successfully removed and primary reflections masked by overlapping internal multiple reflections are recovered.

Internal Multiple Elimination on Land Data Using Inverse Scattering Series

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Sindi ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
Panos G. Kelamis ◽  
Shoudong Huo ◽  
Shih Ying Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Scattering ◽  
Inverse Scattering Series ◽  
Multiple Elimination
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