Cerebral perfusion correlates of depressed mood

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus P. Ebmeier ◽  
Jonathan T. O. Cavanagh ◽  
Anthony P. R. Moffoot ◽  
Michael F. Glabus ◽  
Ronan E. O'Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Neuropsychological Measures ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Diurnal Variation Of Mood ◽  
Symptom Changes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Perfusion Maps

BackgroundThe spontaneous diurnal variation of mood and other symptoms provides a substrate for the examination of the relationship between symptoms and regional brain activation in depression.MethodTwenty unipolar depressed patients with diurnal variation of mood were examined at 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. with neuropsychological measures, clinical ratings and single photon emission tomography (SPET). Brain perfusion maps were spatially transformed into standard stereotactic space and compared pixel-by-pixel. A parametric (correlational) analysis was used to examine the relationship between symptom severity and brain perfusion, both between and within subjects.ResultsGlobal depression severity and an independent ‘vital’ depression factor were associated in subjects with increased perfusion in cingulate and other paralimbic areas. In addition there was a probable association between an increase in an anxious-depression factor and reduced frontal neocortical perfusion.ConclusionsDepressive symptom changes are associated with metabolic changes in the cingulate gyrus and associated paralimbic structures.

Uptake of 99mTc-exametazime shown by single photon emission computed tomography before and after lithium withdrawal in bipolar patients: Associations with mania

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (5) ◽  
pp. 426-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy M. Goodwin ◽  
Jonathan T. O. Cavanagh ◽  
M. F. Glabus ◽  
R. F. Kehoe ◽  
R. E. O'Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lithium Withdrawal

BackgroundEarly manic relapse following lithium discontinuation offers an important opportunity to investigate the relationship between symptoms, effects of treatment and regional brain activation in bipolar affective disorder.MethodFourteen stable bipolar patients on lithium were examined with neuropsychological measures, clinical ratings and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) before and after acute double-blind withdrawal of lithium. Brain perfusion maps were spatially transformed into standard stereotactic space and compared pixel-by-pixel. A parametric analysis was used to examine the change in brain perfusion on lithium withdrawal, and the relationship between symptom severity and brain perfusion separately both between and within subjects.ResultsLithium withdrawal was associated with an important redistribution of brain perfusion, with increases in inferior posterior regions and decreases in limbic areas, particularly anterior cingulate cortex. Seven of the 14 patients developed manic symptoms during the placebo phase, correlating with relative increases in perfusion of superior anterior cingulate and possibly left orbito-frontal cortex.ConclusionsThe important effect of lithium withdrawal on brain perfusion implies that after withdrawal of lithium, the brain develops an abnormal state of activity in limbic cortex. The structures involved did not co-localise with those apparently modulated by manic symptoms.

scholarly journals Imaging Care Requirements: Use of Functional Neuroimaging to Predict Dementia Caregiver Burden

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
Angus M.J. Prosser ◽  
John H. Spreadbury ◽  
Livia Tossici-Bolt ◽  
Christopher M. Kipps
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Dementia caregivers frequently report high stress, with increased burden associated with worse outcomes for both patients and caregivers. Although many studies relate clinical phenotypes to burden, the relationship between imaging pathology and burden, irrespective of diagnosis, is unknown. This study investigated the relationship between caregiver burden and patient regional cerebral blood flow in dementia. Methods: Seventy-sev en patients with cognitive impairment undergoing brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography imaging in normal clinical care and their caregivers were recruited. Caregiver burden was ranked from “little” to “severe” using the Zarit Burden Interview and perfusion values extracted from the patient images for predefined regions of interest. The associations between burden score and regional function on imaging were tested. Results: Burden score was significantly higher for caregivers of patients with abnormal perfusion compared to those with normal perfusion in the left and right frontal, right parietal, and right temporal lobes. No difference in burden was found in the left parietal or temporal groups. Correlations showed that a higher caregiver burden was associated with lower patient perfusion scores in the same regions. Conclusion: Caregiver burden is strongly related to the extent of frontal or right-predominant parietal or temporal lobe dysfunction. Regional abnormality on perfusion imaging can be used to facilitate identification of individuals who are likely to create a high burden on caregivers.

A longitudinal study of sleep deprivation responses in depression; The variability is highly related to diurnal mood variability

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C.M. Gordijn ◽  
D.G.M. Beersma ◽  
A.L. Bouhuys ◽  
H.J. Korte ◽  
R.H. van den Hoofdakker
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antidepressive Effect ◽  
Mood Variability ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Diurnal Variation Of Mood ◽  
The Relationship

Unequivocal results demonstrating a causal relationship between a disturbance in circadian rhythms and depression have not yet been reported (reviews). However, acute mood changes, such as the antidepressive effect of sleep deprivation, diurnal variations of mood and their interrelationship, are commonly put forward as evidence of the importance of circadian dysregulations in affective disorders. The purpose of the present study is to obtain more insight in the mechanisms underlying these mood changes. The results will be discussed in the context of a recently postulated non-chronobiological explanation.Earlier studies have suggested that the relationship between diurnal variation of mood and the response to total sleep deprivation (TSD) is clear and unambiguous: improvement of mood during the day prior to TSD (a positive diurnal variation) is followed by a positive response (mood improvement) to TSD, while no improvement or deterioration of mood during the day prior to TSD (a negative diurnal variation) may result in no, or even a negative, TSD response (for references see Van den Hoofdakker). However, these conclusions were based on the results from cross-sectional studies, comparing single TSD effects across individuals. Comparison of sleep deprivation effects within individuals, however, revealed that the course of mood during the day prior to TSD is irrelevant for the TSD response. Accordingly, a favourable response to TSD appeared to be related to the patient's propensity to show diurnal mood variations per se, irrespective of their direction.

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