A longitudinal study of sleep deprivation responses in depression; The variability is highly related to diurnal mood variability

Unequivocal results demonstrating a causal relationship between a disturbance in circadian rhythms and depression have not yet been reported (reviews). However, acute mood changes, such as the antidepressive effect of sleep deprivation, diurnal variations of mood and their interrelationship, are commonly put forward as evidence of the importance of circadian dysregulations in affective disorders. The purpose of the present study is to obtain more insight in the mechanisms underlying these mood changes. The results will be discussed in the context of a recently postulated non-chronobiological explanation.Earlier studies have suggested that the relationship between diurnal variation of mood and the response to total sleep deprivation (TSD) is clear and unambiguous: improvement of mood during the day prior to TSD (a positive diurnal variation) is followed by a positive response (mood improvement) to TSD, while no improvement or deterioration of mood during the day prior to TSD (a negative diurnal variation) may result in no, or even a negative, TSD response (for references see Van den Hoofdakker). However, these conclusions were based on the results from cross-sectional studies, comparing single TSD effects across individuals. Comparison of sleep deprivation effects within individuals, however, revealed that the course of mood during the day prior to TSD is irrelevant for the TSD response. Accordingly, a favourable response to TSD appeared to be related to the patient's propensity to show diurnal mood variations per se, irrespective of their direction.

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Diurnal Variations in Olfactory Sensitivity and the Relationship to Food Intake

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1994.78.1.215 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 215-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Harry S. Koelega

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Diurnal Variation ◽

Diurnal Variations ◽

Consistent Pattern ◽

Olfactory Sensitivity ◽

Group Data ◽

The Future ◽

The Relationship

At least a dozen studies have investigated the effects of food intake on olfactory sensitivity. Most studies reported the existence of food-related changes in sensitivity but the findings are highly discrepant. In the present study, earlier studies are reviewed, their shortcomings discussed, and the results of an experiment are reported. Using an air-dilution olfactometer, sensitivity to the odor of acetophenone was assessed throughout the day in seven subjects on four consecutive days, both with and without lunch. In the group data no consistent pattern of changes in sensitivity related to food intake was found, although some individual subjects showed a diurnal variation. Some suggestions are made enhancing the possibility that in the future a relationship between food intake and olfactory sensitivity may be observed.

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DIURNAL VARIATION OF MOOD AND SLEEP DEPRIVATION IN DEPRESSED PATIENTS

Behavioural Pharmacology ◽

10.1097/00008877-199204001-00152 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

E REININK ◽

A L BOUHUYS ◽

R H VAN DEN HOOFDAKKER

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Diurnal Variation ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Diurnal Variation Of Mood

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Effects of partial sleep deprivation on the diurnal variation of mood and motor activity in major depression

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/0006-3223(91)90237-g ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 817-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Martin P. Szuba ◽

Lewis R. Baxter ◽

Lynn A. Fairbanks ◽

Barry H. Guze ◽

Jeffrey M. Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Diurnal Variation ◽

Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽

Diurnal Variation Of Mood

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Prediction of sleep deprivation outcome by diurnal variation of mood

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/0006-3223(92)90050-a ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 271-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Hans-Joachim Haug

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Diurnal Variation ◽

Diurnal Variation Of Mood

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSONAL PREFERENCE DALAM PENERAPAN POLA MAKAN DENGAN KEJADIAN GASTRITIS PADA MAHASISWA STIKES YARSIS

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.33086/jhs.v6i2.35 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Lono Wijayanti ◽

Hikmah Rosyidah

Keyword(s):

Positive Response ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Negative Response ◽

Self Awareness ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eating Pattern ◽

Personal Preference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Relationship

The wrong application of eating pattern in daily life may result in the incidence of gastritis. Most student who have negative response with personal preference in application of eating pattern more risk of gastritis happen. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to find out the relationship between the personal preference in applying the eating pattern and gastritis incidence happening in the students of Stikes Yarsis. The design of research was analytic-cross sectional. The population involved all students of Stikes Yarsis in the last semester, totally 423 students, in which 139 students were taken as the samples done by applying the probability sampling, with the stratified random sampling technique. The personal preference in applying the eating pattern was chosen as the independent variable, whereas the dependent variable was the incidence of gastritis. Furthermore, questionnaires were used to collect the data. The result of research showed that nearly all of the respondents (73.4%) had a positive response on the personal preference in applying the eating pattern, whereas most of them (66.9%) suffered from gastritis. The analysis of Chi-Square test showed that ρ = 0.019 < α = 0.05 so that H0 was rejected illustrating that there was a relationship between the personal preference in applying the eating pattern and the incidence of gastritis. In conclusion, the more negative response to personal preference, the more gastritis happen and the more positive response to personal preference can also gastritis happen. Therefore, the motivation and self awareness to prevent hot and acid food to apply the good eating pattern so that gastritis happen can be prevented.

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The effects of partial sleep deprivation on the diurnal variation of mood and motor activity in major depression

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/0006-3223(90)90326-w ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 152

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Diurnal Variation ◽

Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽

Diurnal Variation Of Mood

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Prediction of the antidepressant response to total sleep deprivation by diurnal variation of mood

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/0165-1781(90)90077-i ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 113-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Els Reinink ◽

Netty Bouhuys ◽

Anna Wirz-Justice ◽

Rutger van den Hoofdakker

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Diurnal Variation ◽

Antidepressant Response ◽

Total Sleep Deprivation ◽

Diurnal Variation Of Mood

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Cerebral perfusion correlates of depressed mood

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.170.1.77 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 170 (1) ◽

pp. 77-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Klaus P. Ebmeier ◽

Jonathan T. O. Cavanagh ◽

Anthony P. R. Moffoot ◽

Michael F. Glabus ◽

Ronan E. O'Carroll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diurnal Variation ◽

Single Photon ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Brain Perfusion ◽

Neuropsychological Measures ◽

Within Subjects ◽

Diurnal Variation Of Mood ◽

Symptom Changes ◽

The Relationship ◽

Perfusion Maps

BackgroundThe spontaneous diurnal variation of mood and other symptoms provides a substrate for the examination of the relationship between symptoms and regional brain activation in depression.MethodTwenty unipolar depressed patients with diurnal variation of mood were examined at 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. with neuropsychological measures, clinical ratings and single photon emission tomography (SPET). Brain perfusion maps were spatially transformed into standard stereotactic space and compared pixel-by-pixel. A parametric (correlational) analysis was used to examine the relationship between symptom severity and brain perfusion, both between and within subjects.ResultsGlobal depression severity and an independent ‘vital’ depression factor were associated in subjects with increased perfusion in cingulate and other paralimbic areas. In addition there was a probable association between an increase in an anxious-depression factor and reduced frontal neocortical perfusion.ConclusionsDepressive symptom changes are associated with metabolic changes in the cingulate gyrus and associated paralimbic structures.

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Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000083 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 272-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Allison S. Christian ◽

Kristen M. McCabe

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Deliberate Self Harm ◽

Self Blame ◽

Self Harm ◽

The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

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Authoritative Maternal Parenting Associates With the Explicit Need for Autonomy

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 110-116

Author(s):

Jonathan E. Ramsay

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Parenting ◽

Maternal Parenting ◽

Retrospective Design ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Paternal Parenting ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Previous research suggests that parenting style influences the development of the needs for achievement, power, and affiliation. The present study investigated the relationship between parenting style and another important motive disposition – the need for autonomy – in a sample of Singapore university students ( N = 97, 69% female), using a cross-sectional and retrospective design. It was predicted that an authoritative perceived parenting style would relate positively to the implicit need for autonomy ( nAut), the explicit need for autonomy ( sanAut), and the congruence between these two motive dispositions. Authoritative maternal parenting was found to positively associate with sanAut, while maternal parenting was not found to associate with nAut, or with nAut/ sanAut congruence. Paternal parenting was not associated with any of the dependent variables.

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