Cortical grey matter reductions associated with treatment-resistant chronic unipolar depression

1998 ◽  
Vol 172 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premal J. Shah ◽  
Klaus P. Ebmeier ◽  
Michael F. Glabus ◽  
Guy M. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Grey Matter Density

BackgroundThe aetiology of treatment-resistant major depression is little understood; its apparent intractability may reflect brain abnormality.MethodMagnetic resonance images of the brains of 20 subjects with major depression lasting for two years or more were compared with 20 healthy control subjects and 20 other subjects who had completely recovered from depression. Subjects were individually matched for age, gender, years of education and premorbid IQ. Grey matter was segmented from the images, and compared between groups on a voxel-by-voxel basis.ResultsSubjects with chronic depression showed reduced grey matter density in the left temporal cortex including the hippocampus. There was also a trend for reduction in the right hippocampus. Left hippocampal grey matter density was correlated with measures of verbal memory, supporting the functional significance of the observed magnetic resonance imaging changes.ConclusionsOur results potentially challenge the accepted view of depression as a functional and fully reversible illness, implying instead that more permanent brain changes may be associated with chronicity. Confirmatory longitudinal and prospective studies are required to determine whether these differences pre-date the onset of depression or are the result of the chronic illness process or its treatment.

scholarly journals Cerebral grey matter density is associated with neuroreceptor and neurotransporter availability: A combined PET and MRI study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Manninen ◽  
Tomi Karjalainen ◽  
Lauri J. Tuominen ◽  
Jarmo Hietala ◽  
Valtteri Kaasinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Reference Tissue ◽  
Grey Matter Density ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Simplified Reference Tissue Model ◽  
Mri Study

AbstractPositron emission tomography (PET) can be used for in vivo measurement of specific neuroreceptors and transporters using radioligands, while voxel-based morphometric analysis of magnetic resonance images allows automated estimation of local grey matter densities. However, it is not known how regional neuroreceptor or transporter densities are reflected in grey matter densities. Here, we analyzed brain scans retrospectively from 325 subjects and compared grey matter density estimates with three different neuroreceptors and transporter availabilities. µ-opioid receptors (MORs) were measured with [11C]carfentanil (162 scans), dopamine D2 receptors with [11C]raclopride (91 scans) and serotonin transporters (SERT) with [11C]MADAM (72 scans). The PET data were modelled with simplified reference tissue model. Voxel-wise correlations between binding potential and grey matter density images were computed. Regional binding of all the used radiotracers was associated with grey matter density in region and ligand-specific manner independently of subjects’ age or sex. These data show that grey matter density and MOR and D2R neuroreceptor / SERT availability are correlated, with effect sizes (r2) ranging from 0.04 to 0.69. This suggests that future studies comparing PET outcome measure different groups (such as patients and controls) should take grey matter density differences between the groups into account.

scholarly journals Grey matter abnormalities in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Jin Kim ◽  
Myung Chul Lee ◽  
Jaeseok Kim ◽  
In Young Kim ◽  
Sun I. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Grey Matter Density

BackgroundAlthough a number of functional imaging studies are in agreement in suggesting orbitofrontal and subcortical hyperfunction in the pathophysiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), the structural findings have been contradictory.AimsTo investigate grey matter abnormalities in patients with OCD by employing a novel voxel-based analysis of magnetic resonance images.MethodStatistical parametric mapping was utilised to compare segmented grey matter images from 25 patients with OCD with those from 25 matched controls.ResultsIncreased regional grey matter density was found in multiple cortical areas, including the left orbitofrontal cortex, and in subcortical areas, including the thalamus. On the other hand, regions of reduction were confined to posterior parts of the brain, such as the left cuneus and the left cerebellum.ConclusionsIncreased grey matter density of frontal–subcortical circuits, consonant with the hypermetabolic findings from functional imaging studies, seems to exist in patients with OCD, and cerebellar dysfunction may be involved in the pathophysiology of OCD.

scholarly journals Pain sensitivity is inversely related to regional grey matter density in the brain

Pain ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichole M. Emerson ◽  
Fadel Zeidan ◽  
Oleg V. Lobanov ◽  
Morten S. Hadsel ◽  
Katherine T. Martucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Grey Matter Density ◽  
The Brain

Decrease in basal ganglia grey matter density associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 319-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Stip ◽  
Adham Mancini-Marïe ◽  
Cherine Fahim ◽  
Lahcen Ait Bentaleb ◽  
Genevieve Létourneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Grey Matter Density

ELEVATED PLASMA NEUROFILAMENT LIGHT CHAIN IS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED GREY MATTER DENSITY IN AD AND MCI

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. P1493
Author(s):  
Kacie Deters ◽  
Shannon L. Risacher ◽  
Kaj Blennow ◽  
Henrik Zetterberg ◽  
Michael Weiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Neurofilament Light Chain ◽  
Neurofilament Light ◽  
Grey Matter Density

Voxel-based morphometry reveals an association between aerobic capacity and grey matter density in the right anterior insula

Neuroscience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 1102-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peters ◽  
M. Dauvermann ◽  
C. Mette ◽  
P. Platen ◽  
J. Franke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Anterior Insula ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Grey Matter Density ◽  
The Right

O3-03-06: Grey Matter Density in Relation to Cognitive Function

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P288-P288
Author(s):  
Gennady V. Roshchupkin ◽  
Hazel I. Zonneveld ◽  
Hieab H.H. Adams ◽  
Meike W. Vernooij ◽  
Wiro J. Niessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Grey Matter Density

scholarly journals Musical training intensity yields opposite effects on grey matter density in cognitive versus sensorimotor networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara E. James ◽  
Mathias S. Oechslin ◽  
Dimitri Van De Ville ◽  
Claude-Alain Hauert ◽  
Céline Descloux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Training Intensity ◽  
Grey Matter Density

scholarly journals Women with autistic-spectrum disorder: magnetic resonance imaging study of brain anatomy

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaelc. Craig ◽  
Shahid H. Zaman ◽  
Eileen M. Daly ◽  
William J. Cutter ◽  
Dene M. W. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Autistic Spectrum

BackgroundOur understanding of anatomical differences in people with autistic-spectrum disorder, is based on mixed-gender or male samples.AimsTo study regional grey-matter and white-matter differences in the brains of women with autistic-spectrum disorder.MethodWe compared the brain anatomy of 14 adult women with autistic-spectrum disorder with 19 controls using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based morphometry Results Women with autistic-spectrum disorder had a smaller density bilaterally of grey matter in the frontotemporal cortices and limbic system, and of white matter in the temporal lobes (anterior) and pons. In contrast, they had a larger white-matter density bilaterally in regions of the association and projection fibres of the frontal, parietal, posterior temporal and occipital lobes, in the commissural fibres of the corpus callosum (splenium) and cerebellum (anterior lobe). Further, we found a negative relationship between reduced grey-matter density in right limbic regions and social communication ability.ConclusionsWomen with autistic-spectrum disorder have significant differences in brain anatomy from controls, in brain regions previously reported as abnormal in adult men with the disorder. Some anatomical differences may be related to clinical symptoms.

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