Onset and recovery from panic disorder in the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area follow-up

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Eaton ◽  
James C. Anthony ◽  
Alan Romanoski ◽  
Allen Tien ◽  
Joseph Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area ◽  
Incidence Estimate ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

BackgroundThe objective is to estimate parameters of the natural history of panic disorder, including its prodrome, incidence, recovery and recurrence.MethodIn 1981 the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study interviewed 3481 individuals probabilistically selected from the household population. During 1993–1996, 1920 of these individuals (73% of survivors) were interviewed again. Baseline and follow-up interviews included the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule. During the follow-up, a subsample was assessed by psychiatrists using the World Health Organization Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN).ResultsThere were 35 new cases of panic disorder in 24 475 person years of exposure, yielding an annual incidence of 1.43 per 1000 per year. Data from the SCAN assessments suggest the incidence estimate is conservative. Incidence is greater in females and declines with age. About one-third of the new cases arise without agoraphobia, but about half have anxiety of some sort present for many years prior to meeting criteria for diagnosis. People with agoraphobia have less intense onsets but slower recoveries than those without agoraphobia.ConclusionsPanic is heterogeneous in its pattern of onset and recovery. Some of the heterogeneity is associated with the presence of other anxiety over a long period of the life.

Daily smoking and the subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. BRESLAU ◽  
S. P. NOVAK ◽  
R. C. KESSLER
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Smoking Intensity ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Subsequent Onset

Background. Recent research has demonstrated that smokers are at an elevated risk for psychiatric disorders. This study extends the enquiry by examining: (1) the specificity of the psychiatric sequelae of smoking; and (2) the variability in the likelihood of these sequelae by proximity and intensity of smoking.Method. Data come from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS), a representative sample of the US population 15–54 years of age. The Smoking Supplement was administered to a representative subset of 4414 respondents. A modified World Health Organization – Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to measure DSM-III-R disorders. Survival analysis with smoking variables as time-dependent covariates was used to predict the subsequent onset of specific psychiatric disorders.Results. The estimated effects of daily smoking varied across disorders. In the case of mood disorders, daily smoking predicted subsequent onset, with no variation between current versus past smokers or by smoking intensity. In the case of panic disorder and agoraphobia, current but not past smoking predicted subsequent onset; furthermore, the risk of these disorders in past smokers decreased with increasing time since quitting. In the case of substance use disorders, current but not past smoking predicted subsequent onset, with no variation by time since quitting or smoking intensity.Conclusions. The data suggest that smoking cessation programmes would not prevent the onset of mood disorder, as ex-smokers do not differ from current smokers in their risk for these disorders. In comparison, daily smoking might be a causal factor in panic disorder and agoraphobia, conditions that might be preventable by smoking cessation. Additionally, current smoking might serve as a marker for targeting interventions to prevent alcohol and drug disorders.

scholarly journals A Combined Digital and Biomarker Diagnostic Aid for Mood Disorders (the Delta Trial): Protocol for an Observational Study

10.2196/18453 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e18453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Olmert ◽  
Jason D Cooper ◽  
Sung Yeon Sarah Han ◽  
Giles Barton-Owen ◽  
Lynn Farrag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Aid ◽  
Health Organization

Background Mood disorders affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, imposing a substantial medical and economic burden. Existing diagnostic methods for mood disorders often result in a delay until accurate diagnosis, exacerbating the challenges of these disorders. Advances in digital tools for psychiatry and understanding the biological basis of mood disorders offer the potential for novel diagnostic methods that facilitate early and accurate diagnosis of patients. Objective The Delta Trial was launched to develop an algorithm-based diagnostic aid combining symptom data and proteomic biomarkers to reduce the misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD) as a major depressive disorder (MDD) and achieve more accurate and earlier MDD diagnosis. Methods Participants for this ethically approved trial were recruited through the internet, mainly through Facebook advertising. Participants were then screened for eligibility, consented to participate, and completed an adaptive digital questionnaire that was designed and created for the trial on a purpose-built digital platform. A subset of these participants was selected to provide dried blood spot (DBS) samples and undertake a World Health Organization World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen to maximize the safety of a trial population that was both relevant to the trial objectives and generalizable. To provide statistical power and validation sets for the primary and secondary objectives, 840 participants were required to complete the digital questionnaire, submit DBS samples, and undertake a CIDI. Results The Delta Trial is now complete. More than 3200 participants completed the digital questionnaire, 924 of whom also submitted DBS samples and a CIDI, whereas a total of 1780 participants completed a 6-month follow-up questionnaire and 1542 completed a 12-month follow-up questionnaire. The analysis of the trial data is now underway. Conclusions If a diagnostic aid is able to improve the diagnosis of BD and MDD, it may enable earlier treatment for patients with mood disorders. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18453

scholarly journals Psychotic experiences and risk of death in the general population: 24–27 year follow-up of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandad Sharifi ◽  
William W. Eaton ◽  
Li Tzy Wu ◽  
Kimberly B. Roth ◽  
Bruce M. Burchett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
High Hazard Ratio ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

BackgroundPsychotic experiences are common in the general population and are associated with adverse psychiatric and social outcomes, even in the absence of a psychotic disorder.AimsTo examine the association between psychotic experiences and mortality over a 24–27 year period.MethodWe used data on 15 049 adult participants from four sites of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area baseline survey in the USA in the early 1980s, linked to the National Death Index and other sources of vital status up until 2007. Psychotic experiences were assessed by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule.ResultsLifetime psychotic experiences at baseline (n = 855; weighted prevalence, 5.5%) were significantly associated with all-cause mortality at follow-up after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and psychiatric diagnoses, including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (P<0.05). Baseline psychotic experiences were associated with over 5 years' shorter median survival time. Among the underlying causes of death, suicide had a particularly high hazard ratio (9.16, 95% CI 3.19–26.29).ConclusionsFuture research needs to explore the association of psychotic experiences with physical health and lifestyle factors that may mediate the relationship of psychotic experiences with mortality.

scholarly journals Lifetime manic spectrum episodes and all-cause mortality: 26-year follow-up of the NIMH epidemiologic catchment area study

2013 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Ramsey ◽  
Adam P. Spira ◽  
Ramin Mojtabai ◽  
William W. Eaton ◽  
Kimberly Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

scholarly journals Nonmedical Opioid Pain Relievers and All-Cause Mortality: A 27-Year Follow-Up From the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda B. Cottler ◽  
Hui Hu ◽  
Bryan A. Smallwood ◽  
James C. Anthony ◽  
Li-Tzy Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

A Reanalysis of Data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Hornig ◽  
Richard J. McNally
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Comorbid Disorders ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

BackgroundAnalysing data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study, Weissman and colleagues reported that panic disorder was strongly associated with suicide attempt. However, they did not control optimally for comorbid disorders known to increase suicide risk.MethodReanalysing the ECA data, we controlled for comorbid disorders in the aggregate rather than one at a time when we estimated the association between panic disorder and suicide attempt.ResultsPanic disorder was not associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt.ConclusionsComorbid conditions strongly influence whether people with panic disorder are at especial risk of suicide attempt.

scholarly journals A Combined Digital and Biomarker Diagnostic Aid for Mood Disorders (the Delta Trial): Protocol for an Observational Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Olmert ◽  
Jason D Cooper ◽  
Sung Yeon Sarah Han ◽  
Giles Barton-Owen ◽  
Lynn Farrag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Aid ◽  
Health Organization

BACKGROUND Mood disorders affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, imposing a substantial medical and economic burden. Existing diagnostic methods for mood disorders often result in a delay until accurate diagnosis, exacerbating the challenges of these disorders. Advances in digital tools for psychiatry and understanding the biological basis of mood disorders offer the potential for novel diagnostic methods that facilitate early and accurate diagnosis of patients. OBJECTIVE The Delta Trial was launched to develop an algorithm-based diagnostic aid combining symptom data and proteomic biomarkers to reduce the misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD) as a major depressive disorder (MDD) and achieve more accurate and earlier MDD diagnosis. METHODS Participants for this ethically approved trial were recruited through the internet, mainly through Facebook advertising. Participants were then screened for eligibility, consented to participate, and completed an adaptive digital questionnaire that was designed and created for the trial on a purpose-built digital platform. A subset of these participants was selected to provide dried blood spot (DBS) samples and undertake a World Health Organization World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen to maximize the safety of a trial population that was both relevant to the trial objectives and generalizable. To provide statistical power and validation sets for the primary and secondary objectives, 840 participants were required to complete the digital questionnaire, submit DBS samples, and undertake a CIDI. RESULTS The Delta Trial is now complete. More than 3200 participants completed the digital questionnaire, 924 of whom also submitted DBS samples and a CIDI, whereas a total of 1780 participants completed a 6-month follow-up questionnaire and 1542 completed a 12-month follow-up questionnaire. The analysis of the trial data is now underway. CONCLUSIONS If a diagnostic aid is able to improve the diagnosis of BD and MDD, it may enable earlier treatment for patients with mood disorders. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/18453

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