scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia among nursing home residents without dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Fornaro ◽  
Marco Solmi ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Nicola Veronese ◽  
Francesco Monaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum

BackgroundThe elderly population and numbers of nursing homes residents are growing at a rapid pace globally. Uncertainty exists regarding the actual rates of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder and schizophrenia as previous evidence documenting high rates relies on suboptimal methodology.AimsTo carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence and correlates of MDD, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorder among nursing homes residents without dementia.MethodMajor electronic databases were systematically searched from 1980 to July 2017 for original studies reporting on the prevalence and correlates of MDD among nursing homes residents without dementia. The prevalence of MDD in this population was meta-analysed through random-effects modelling and potential sources of heterogeneity were examined through subgroup/meta-regression analyses.ResultsAcross 32 observational studies encompassing 13 394 nursing homes residents, 2110 people were diagnosed with MDD, resulting in a pooled prevalence rate of 18.9% (95% CI 14.8–23.8). Heterogeneity was high (I2 = 97%, P≤0.001); no evidence of publication bias was observed. Sensitivity analysis indicated the highest rates of MDD among North American residents (25.4%, 95% CI 18–34.5, P≤0.001). Prevalence of either bipolar disorder or schizophrenia spectrum disorder could not be reliably pooled because of the paucity of data.ConclusionsMDD is highly prevalent among nursing homes residents without dementia. Efforts towards prevention, early recognition and management of MDD in this population are warranted.

Patient Reflections on Individual Music Therapy for a Major Depressive Disorder or Acute Phase Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-192
Author(s):  
Natalie Paul ◽  
Carol Lotter ◽  
Werdie van Staden
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Receptive Music Therapy

Abstract Reflections of patients have not been studied qualitatively after a completed course of individual music therapy for a major depressive disorder (MDD) or an acute phase of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Our interpretivist study explored patient reflections through individual interviews with 15 hospitalized patients after a completed course of eight individual music therapy sessions that were flexibly structured in blended fashion utilizing a set of active and receptive music therapy methods. Our analyses yielded 8 themes, supported by 23 subthemes. These themes were grouped into three domains, capturing respectively participants’ praise for music therapy, the distress from which change emerged, and various perceived gains. Participants cast the perceived gains from music therapy in the wake of their distress. The domain of distress comprised two themes: distress before and during therapy, and a process of opening up and dealing with old wounds. The themes expressing their gains were: new perspectives, growing strong, emotional fulfillment, becoming socially closer and more adept, and becoming liberated and creatively inspired. These client perspectives on a completed course of music therapy augment the evidence base established in clinician terms of what matters as a potential gain from music therapy. These perspectives, furthermore, inform on the gains and the distress from which gains emerged, congruent with a strengths-oriented therapeutic pursuit in music therapy for an MDD or an acute phase of SSD. Music therapists in similar settings may draw on these perspectives in the planning and strengthening of a course of music therapy.

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