Relative Cost of Large and Small Asylums

1883 ◽  
Vol 29 (125) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Henry Rayner
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Relative Cost ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Blue Book ◽  
History Of ◽  
Better Than

In support of the position that small asylums are, even from an economic point of view, better than very large ones, Dr. Hack Tuke, in his recent work on the “History of the Insane,” cites the opinions of the Lunacy Commissioners, as given in their Report for 1857. He also gives in the appendix some figures which the Commissioners prepared in regard to the weekly cost of patients in large and small asylums, and which were adduced by them to support the same view. He found, however, that on taking an average of the six largest and six smallest asylums in the list, the weekly expenses per head in the latter appeared to be really greater than in the former—a result different from that for which he had cited them from the Blue-book.

Unwanted Navy: Habsburg Naval Armaments under Maria Theresa

1981 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 29-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz A. J. Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Sea Power ◽  
Opera Buffa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

The Habsburg monarchy was never a major sea power, and for most of its four centuries of existence it had no substantial navy at all. Especially before the nineteenth century the history of Habsburg naval armaments, therefore, is of little interest to the military specialist and more significant as a footnote to the domestic political history of the monarchy. At no time was this more the case than during the reign of Maria Theresa (1740–1780). From a military point of view the naval projects of this period could furnish, at best, the plot of an opera buffa, but from an administrative and economic point of view they highlight some of the most fundamental problems of enlightened absolutism in Austria.

scholarly journals Basque separatism vs Catalan independence movement: socio-cultural aspects

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
M. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Current Situation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
United State ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of

The current situation in Spain is characterized by the confrontation of two movements known as «independence movement» and «separatism». Both the Basque region and Catalonia have their own language, culture and a long history of the development of isolation tendencies. However, the objectives and the ways to achieve them have been different for a long time. In order to preserve the sociocultural unity of Spain it is necessary to eliminate the factors that that prevent people from finding the solution to the conflict, and the most important thing is to initiate dialogue, reach a compromise and be ready to stand by the words. It is difficult to imagine that any part will be separated from Spain from the economic point of view and, above all, socio-cultural, because the majority of Spanish population considers Spain as a strong and united State.

Canonical analysis of facial variation

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Brothwell ◽  
M. J. R. Healy ◽  
R. G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Population History ◽  
Canonical Analysis ◽  
The People ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
The Face ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
History Of

Although the face is one of the most variable parts of the human physique, there is little recent work on this region. Consequently, there is a need for an appraisal of the variation, new thinking as regards the methodology of recording and analysis, and further thought as to the possible applications of such methods. The present exploratory study uses information derived from standardized photographs, to try to elucidate the affinities—and thus the population history—of the people of Tristan da Cunha and the Ainu of Japan. The methods used have also permitted a consideration of within-group variation from the point of view of family differences and varying degrees of admixture. The potential biosocial as well as anthropological value of this type of investigation is discussed.

John Lingard and the catholic revival

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 313-327
Author(s):  
Sheridan Gilley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Political ◽  
English History ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Roman Catholic Priest ◽  
Better Than

The nineteenth-century histories of England were inspired by and reflect the political and religious ideologies of the era; the liberal anglican school described by Duncan Forbes, the varieties of high church scholarship from Christopher Wordsworth to canon Dixon, the optimistic whiggery of Hallam and Macaulay, the protestant high toryism of Southey, the political protestantism of Froudc and the teutomania of Freeman. Most of these writers had two ideas in common; a strong sense of the importance of national history as a reinforcement of the English sense of self identity, and the oneness of English history. This was a view given classic expression m John Richard Green’s Short History of the English People, and has been perpetuated by Trevelyan and Churchill into the twentieth century. Far better than most of his predecessors, Green’s history was more than just a history of the nation written from a partisan point of view, and owed its popularity as much to its breadth of sympathy as to the author’s gift for quicksilver generalisation and narration which move the reader on at the pace of a hare. In this last quality, it was most unlike the most popular nineteenth-century history of England before its publication, the work of a Roman catholic priest John Lingard, though Lingard also professed to rise above the turmoil of parties to write an impartial history.

British Economic, Geographical, Sociological and related studies in Libya 1943-1971

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
J. A. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Background Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Published Account ◽  
Better Than

The military administration which controlled what was known formerly as Tripolitania and Cyrenaica showed considerable initiative in preparing publications which still have great value in presenting statistical and other background data of a precision comparable with and sometimes better than more recent work.Duncan Cumming (now Sir Duncan Cumming and the President of the Society for Libyan Studies) came from the Sudan administration with considerable Middle Eastern experience, a knowledge of Arabic and a sensitivity for the Islamic way of life, to run the military administration in Cyrenaica. He had the good fortune to find amongst his staff a number of technical specialists and scholars whom he stimulated to write and publish an excellent introductory account of the eastern part of Libya. This Handbook of Cyrenaica (1944–47) includes sections on the physical character of the area with a summary of geological knowledge based mainly on Italian sources, by O. H. Little, as well as sections outlining the history of Cyrenaica by the editor, and a sociological contribution by E. E. Evans-Pritchard (now Professor Evans-Pritchard) in Habitat and Way of Life—Tribes and Their Divisions. The work carried out in preparing the latter was to prove the basis of much more important and comprehensive studies by Evans-Pritchard. The Sanusiya Order was treated by C. C. Adams in the handbook, which also contained probably the only published account in English of the period of Italian colonization in eastern Libya, compiled by D. H. Weir, as well as a description of the famous southern oasis and shrine of Kufra by K. D. Bell.

Les « superstitions » à l’épreuve de la modernité : un retour en grâce ?

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-512
Author(s):  
Lionel Obadia
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relevant Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Better Than

Have we finished with superstition, from the point of view of history, of ideas and of psychology? Nothing is less certain. On the basis of some ancient or recent publications on this topic, this article attempts to pinpoint the fact that, owing to the empirical and theoretical topicality of superstition, it certainly deserves better than the ideological and intellectual disqualification it has been subjected to. Recent reflections, inspired by anthropological and psychological approaches, seem part of a new interest in beliefs and symbols previously mastered by dominant and exclusive systems of thoughts, be they religious or profane. But a close examination of the effective uses of the notion of ‘superstition’ demonstrates that the projective stigmatization of the ‘Other’ remains a relevant point of departure from which it can be rehabilitated, alongside the latest psychological approaches of belief.

Britannic social histories – continuity and change

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-307
Author(s):  
EUGENIO F. BIAGINI
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Irish History ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oxford University Press

F. M. L. Thompson (ed.), The Cambridge social history of Britain, 1750–1950, Vol. I: Regions and communities; Vol. II: People and their environment; Vol. III: Social agencies and institutions. (Paperback edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.) Pages xv+588; xv+373; xiii+492.M. J. Daunton, Progress and poverty: an economic and social history of Britain 1700–1850. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.) Pages xvi+620.Cormac Ó Gráda, Ireland: a new economic history, 1780–1939. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.) Pages xv+536.What is social history and how should it be written? What are its ‘limits and divisions’ in the context of the ‘Britannic’ isles? F. M. L. Thompson, M. J. Daunton and Cormac Ó Gráda have provided important contributions, which will long survive the debate and reactions generated by their publications. These books are, in some respects, very different works, though they share a similar epistemological outlook based on ontological realism and empiricism. Together they offer a powerful and convincing alternative to the various versions of the ‘linguistic turn’ which has featured so prominently in the debate on social history in recent years.The Cambridge social history (hereafter CSH) is a work of consolidation, a collective effort whose aim is ‘to communicate the fruits of…research…to the wider audience of students who are curious to know what the specialists have been doing and how their work fits into a general picture of the whole process of social change and development’. By contrast, Daunton and Ó Gráda have single-handedly produced inspiring analyses of crucial aspects of modern British and Irish history respectively. Daunton offers a nuanced discussion of the first industrial revolution. And, from a ‘new economic’ point of view, Ó Gráda reassesses the turning points in the making of contemporary Ireland, between the age of the American Revolution and the outbreak of World War II.

Thermoeconomic Analysis of R134a-DMAC Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1837-1841
Author(s):  
V. Mariappan ◽  
M. Udayakumar ◽  
Sah Md Fahim Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Operating Parameter ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Absorption Refrigeration ◽  
Internal Flows ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
Absorption Refrigeration System ◽  
Better Than

This study focuses on the analysis of Tetrafluoroethane-Dimethylacetamide (R134a-DMAC) VAR system based on both thermodynamic and economic point of view and optimal operating parameter are proposed. In thermodynamic analysis mass flow rates, temperature, pressure, enthalpy, mass fraction and exergy of various state points are determined and based on the above state point properties the system COP and exergetic efficiency are calculated. Simplified cost minimization methodology is applied to evaluate the economic costs of all the internal flows and products of the system by formulating exergoeconomic cost equations. Thermoeconomic comparisons are made between this system and H2O-LiBr and NH3-H2O. It is found that thermodynamic performance of H2O-LiBr is better than NH3-H2O and R134a-DMAC systems whereas thermoeconomic performance of R134a-DMAC is better than the other two systems. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}

Soldiers on an Ottoman Island: The Janissaries of Crete, Eighteenth-Early Nineteenth Centuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonis Anastasopoulos ◽  
Yannis Spyropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Advantageous Position ◽  
History Of

This essay is a contribution to the study of provincial janissaries through the case of Crete. After a brief survey of the history of the janissary corps as the wider framework within which the janissaries of Crete have to be studied, the essay focuses on them, resolving the confusion between janissaries and other military groups, discussing the differences between imperial and local janissaries, and offering an explanation as to why various sources exaggerate the number of janissaries while officially they were relatively few. Finally, it is argued that, from a socio-economic point of view, the janissaries must be seen as inclusive and expansive urban and rural networks that placed their members at an advantageous position over others through legal privilege and access to funds.

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