Sulfite Pulp Mill Restoration

2005 ◽  
pp. 227-254
Keyword(s):  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Sulfite Pulp

scholarly journals Influence of Input Variables over the Wood Digestion in a Sulfite Pulp Mill for Biorefinery Purposes

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Cristina Rueda ◽  
Carlos Tejedor ◽  
Natalia Quijorna ◽  
Ana Andrés ◽  
Alberto Coz
Keyword(s):  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Sulfite Pulp ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Major Attention ◽  
Wood Digestion ◽  
Better Than

Eucalyptus globulus is the most profitable specie in Europe for pulping. However, in recent years some diseases and pests have caused its defoliation, affecting the available quantity of wood. In this sense, the mills are studying how to avoid the loss of pulp yield as well as the optimization of byproducts in order to take advantage of every component present in the wood using biorefinery processes. One of the possible options is to complete the consumption of E. globulus with other species such as Eucalyptus nitens.The objective of this paper is to study the behavior of both species related to the dissolving pulp manufacturing process as well as the characteristics of the resulting products. Parameters that can be very useful for the evaluation of the raw material, such as the growing data or density of both species, have been compared. Major attention has been focused on the composition of both species and how it affects the characteristics of the possible final products.E. nitens presents good results of forestry characteristics, being better than E. globulus in terms of growing and resistance to frosts. The cellulose content of both species is similar, however the digestion process in the case of E. nitens needs to be improved in order to optimize the involved energy and the obtained products.

Analysis of Gill Structure from a Fresh Water Fish (Heteropneustes fossilis) Exposed to Bleached Sulfite Pulp Mill Effluents

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudip Dey ◽  
Utpal Rajguru ◽  
Dinesh Chandra Pathak ◽  
Umesh C. Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sulfite Pulp ◽  
Pulp Mill Effluents ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe present communication reports toxic effects of bleached sulfite pulp mill effluents in fish (Heteropneustes fossilis) gills, with optical, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy. The general adverse effects include dilation of the primary lamellar wall, curling of secondary lamellar terminals, displacement of epithelial cell layers, degeneration of secondary lamella, deposition of mucous, and severe congestion in the gill arch. The significant shortening of secondary lamellae, widening of lamellar tips, and significant decrease in the number of mitochondria in chloride cells as compared to controls are some specific effects of bleached sulfite pulp mill effluents. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated tearing of tissues in gill lamellae and arches. Transmission electron microscopy revealed membrane distortion of mitochondria in chloride cells, loss of uniformity of microvilli in pavement cells, and abnormalities in nuclear shape in different cells of effluent-exposed fish gills. Toxicity of the bleached sulfite pulp mill effluents and its impact on fish are discussed in the light of existing literature. Further, the importance of microscopy in toxicological evaluation of environmental pollutants is emphasized in view of its specific application potential.

Resistance of bound chloroguaiacols and AOX from pulp mill effluent to degradation by Trichoderma harzianum isolated from Lake Bonney, south-eastern South Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 961 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Van Leeuwen ◽  
BC Nicholson ◽  
KP Hayes ◽  
DE Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Pulp Mill Effluent ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Halogenated Organic Compounds ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Chlorine Bleaching ◽  
Sulfite Pulp

Previous studies have shown that chlorophenolic compounds persisted in water and sediments of Lake Bonney, south-eastern South Australia, following discontinuation of chlorine bleaching at a sulfite pulp mill that discharged effluent into the lake. Although free and bound chlorophenolics were detected in the lake after discontinuation of chlorine bleaching, the predominant forms were found to be bound compounds. In assessing the persistence of chlorophenolics in the lake, fungi were isolated from the lake water and studied for their capacities to degrade these compounds. One fungus, Trichoderma harzianum, was found to be capable of reducing concentrations of spiked (free) 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 4,5-dichloroguaiacol, 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol and tetrachloroguaiacol in a mineral salts culture medium and concentrations of adsorbable halogenated organic compounds (AOX) attributable to the spiked compounds. This fungus was also found to be capable of dehalogenating free tetrachloroguaiacol in a mineral salts medium. Degradation of bound chloroguaiacols present in chlorination-stage effluent from the mill by Trichoderma harzianum was not detected in this study. The inability of this fungus to degrade bound chlorophenolics demonstrates the resistance of these compounds in bound form to biodegradation and may explain the persistence of some chlorophenolics in Lake Bonney.

Colour formation from pre and post-coagulation treatment of Pinus radiata sulfite pulp mill wastewater using nutrient limited aerated stabilisation basins

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosmala Lewis ◽  
Steven Nothrop ◽  
Christopher W.K. Chow ◽  
Andrew Everson ◽  
John A. van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Sulfite Pulp

Practical experiences with aerobic biofilters in TMP (thermomechanical pulping), sulfite and fine paper mills in Canada

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kantardjieff ◽  
J. P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Sulfite Pulp ◽  
Practical Experiences

An industrial aerobic biofilter technology has been piloted extensively in Canada on several types of pulp and paper mill effluents, resulting in one full scale operational facility at one Canadian fine paper mill. In addition two industrial scale pilot plant tests were performed with the same technology, one in an integrated sulfite pulp and paper mill and one in a TMP mill. In the case of the fine paper mill, the full scale plant has two cells (8 m × 8 m × 6 m height of the media) and treats an unclarified but screened effluent with a loading of 3500 kg BOD/d. The system produces low quantities of biosludge (0.28 kg TSS/kg BOD removed), has a rapid rate of recovery after shock loadings and is very energy efficient (150 kW installed power for aeration). Pilot plant treatability studies were performed at one integrated Canadian sulfite mill using a combination of a biofilter-aerated lagoon system. The biofilter treated the most concentrated stream (sulfite pulp mill effluent) and this stream was then combined with the remaining wastewaters of the mill and polished in an aerated stabilization basin (ASB). The high quality ASB effluent (50 mg BOD/L/30 mg TSS/L) was non toxic to rainbow trout, Daphnia magna and photoluminescent bacteria. Integrated TMP mill effluents were treated in a 5 m3 aerobic biofilter filled with two types of media (10 to 20 mm and 20 to 30 mm). Under average loading conditions of 3.5 kg BOD/d.m3 media, the system produced effluents meeting regulation limits for BOD, TSS as well as for toxicity.

scholarly journals Evolution of Lignocellulosic Macrocomponents in the Wastewater Streams of a Sulfite Pulp Mill: A Preliminary Biorefining Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Llano ◽  
Noelia García-Quevedo ◽  
Natalia Quijorna ◽  
Javier R. Viguri ◽  
Alberto Coz
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
2Nd Generation ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Sulfite Pulp ◽  
Spent Liquor ◽  
Generation Biofuel

The evolution of lignin, five- and six-carbon sugars, and other decomposition products derived from hemicelluloses and cellulose was monitored in a sulfite pulp mill. The wastewater streams were characterized and the mass balances throughout digestion and total chlorine free bleaching stages were determined. Summative analysis in conjunction with pulp parameters highlights some process guidelines and valorization alternatives towards the transformation of the traditional factory into a lignocellulosic biorefinery. The results showed a good separation of cellulose (99.64%) during wood digestion, with 87.23% of hemicellulose and 98.47% lignin dissolved into the waste streams. The following steps should be carried out to increase the sugar content into the waste streams: (i) optimization of the digestion conditions increasing hemicellulose depolymerization; (ii) improvement of the ozonation and peroxide bleaching stages, avoiding deconstruction of the cellulose chains but maintaining impurity removal; (iii) fractionation of the waste water streams, separating sugars from the rest of toxic inhibitors for 2nd generation biofuel production. A total of 0.173 L of second-generation ethanol can be obtained in the spent liquor per gram of dry wood. The proposed methodology can be usefully incorporated into other related industrial sectors.

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