Genetic Study of Schizophrenia and Role of Computational Genomics in Mental Healthcare

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-202
Author(s):  
Namrata Jawanjal ◽  
Indranath Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Study ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Computational Genomics

scholarly journals Access, accountability, and the proliferation of psychological therapy: On the introduction of the IAPT initiative and the transformation of mental healthcare

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyn Pickersgill
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Therapy ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

Psychological therapy today plays a key role in UK public mental health. In large part, this has been through the development of the (specifically English) Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme. Through IAPT, millions of citizens have encountered interventions such as cognitive behaviour therapy, largely for the treatment of depression and anxiety. This article interrogates how this national response to problems of mental ill-health – and the problematization itself – was developed, accounted for, and sustained. By imbricating economic expertise with accounts of mental ill-health and mechanisms of treatment, IAPT has revivified psychological framings of pathology and therapy. However, it has done so in ways that are more familiar within biomedical contexts (e.g. through recourse to randomized controlled trial studies). Today, the initiative is a principal player in relation to which other services are increasingly developed. Indeed, in many respects IAPT has transformed from content to context within UK public mental health (in a process of what I term ‘contextification’). By documenting these developments, this paper contributes to re-centring questions about the place and role of psychology in contemporary healthcare. Doing so helps to complicate assumptions about the dominance of linear forms of (de)biomedicalization in health-systems.

scholarly journals Genetic study of lymphoma induction by AKR mink cell focus-inducing virus in AKR x NFS crosses.

1981 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
M W Cloyd ◽  
J W Hartley ◽  
W P Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Additional Gene ◽  
Mink Cell ◽  
Akr Mice ◽  
Ecotropic Virus

The mink cell focus-inducing (MCF)-247 virus, originally isolated from an AKR thymoma, is lymphomagenic in AKR mice but not in the ecotropic virus-negative NFS mouse strain. Analysis of sensitivity to lymphoma-induction by AKR-247 MCF virus in genetic hybrids between these two strains showed that F1 mice inoculated as sucklings were uniformly sensitive, whereas those inoculated as weanlings were generally resistant. In NFS backcross mice inoculated as sucklings, inheritance and expression of endogenous ecotropic virus from AKR was an essential correlate of replication of MCF virus and subsequent development of lymphoma. However, one-third of the mice expressing ecotropic virus and replicating the inoculated MCF virus did not develop lymphoma. The results suggested that an additional gene that influenced development of lymphoma may be involved, and that mice inheriting both virus-inducing loci from AKR were more susceptible than those inheriting only one. These findings indicate that the causal role of ecotropic virus infection in spontaneous thymomagenesis in AKR mice involves not only the generation of leukemogenic MCF viruses but also the establishment of permissiveness for their growth.

scholarly journals Role of the Genetic Study in the Management of Carotid Body Tumor in Paraganglioma Syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Antonello ◽  
M. Piazza ◽  
M. Menegolo ◽  
G. Opocher ◽  
G.P. Deriu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Carotid Body Tumor ◽  
Paraganglioma Syndrome

scholarly journals “Like I’m Talking to a Real Person”: Exploring the Meaning of Transference for the Use and Design of AI-Based Applications in Psychotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Holohan ◽  
Amelia Fiske
Keyword(s):  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Practice ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Relationship ◽  
Therapeutic Encounter ◽  
Real Person ◽  
Development Trajectories

AI-enabled virtual and robot therapy is increasingly being integrated into psychotherapeutic practice, supporting a host of emotional, cognitive, and social processes in the therapeutic encounter. Given the speed of research and development trajectories of AI-enabled applications in psychotherapy and the practice of mental healthcare, it is likely that therapeutic chatbots, avatars, and socially assistive devices will soon translate into clinical applications much more broadly. While AI applications offer many potential opportunities for psychotherapy, they also raise important ethical, social, and clinical questions that have not yet been adequately considered for clinical practice. In this article, we begin to address one of these considerations: the role of transference in the psychotherapeutic relationship. Drawing on Karen Barad’s conceptual approach to theorizing human–non-human relations, we show that the concept of transference is necessarily reconfigured within AI-human psychotherapeutic encounters. This has implications for understanding how AI-driven technologies introduce changes in the field of traditional psychotherapy and other forms of mental healthcare and how this may change clinical psychotherapeutic practice and AI development alike. As more AI-enabled apps and platforms for psychotherapy are developed, it becomes necessary to re-think AI-human interaction as more nuanced and richer than a simple exchange of information between human and nonhuman actors alone.

scholarly journals Screening, diagnosis and genetic study of breast cancer patients in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Isani Majeed ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Muniba Jadoon ◽  
Wasim Ahmad ◽  
Sheikh Riazuddin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Brca1 Gene ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Pakistani Origin ◽  
Open Access Article

Objective: To determine the role of variants in BRCA1 gene in breast cancer development, women of Pakistani origin, diagnosed with breast cancer, were screened for variants in the BRCA1. Methods: The present study involved screening of 5000 women for breast cancer. 302 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Using Sanger sequencing, DNA extracted from peripheral blood of 100 patients was screened for disease causing variants in the BRCA1. Results: Analysis of sequenced data revealed two frame shift (Gly312Trpfs*8, Ala322Glyfs*4), six missense (p.Glu362Lys, p.Lys651Arg, p.Asp693Asn, p.Pro871Leu, p.Glu1134Lys, p.Lys1183Arg), four synonymous (p.Thr327Thr, p.Ser694Ser, p.His771His, p.Gln1135Gln), and two intronic variants (g.75407T>C, g.75401_75401delT) in the patients. Conclusion: The present investigation showed that variations in BRCA1 made substantial contribution in causing hereditary/early-onset breast cancer in Pakistani women. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.1.1059 How to cite this:Majeed AI, Ullah A, Jadoon M, Ahmad W, Riazuddin S. Screening, diagnosis and genetic study of breast cancer patients in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.1.1059 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals The Persistence of Child and Adolescence Mental Healthcare: Results from Registry Data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermien Dijk ◽  
Roel Freriks ◽  
Rob Alessie ◽  
Jochen Mierau
Keyword(s):  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Registry Data ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable ◽  
Time Invariant

Abstract Background: Previous studies on the persistence of child and adolescent mental healthcare do not consider the role of time-invariant individual characteristics. Estimating persistence of healthcare using standard linear models yields biased estimates due to unobserved heterogeneity and the autoregressive structure of the model. This study provides estimates of the persistence of child and adolescent mental healthcare taking these statistical issues into account. Methods: We use registry data of more than 80,000 Dutch children and adolescents between 2000 and 2012 from the Psychiatric Case Registry Northern Netherlands (PCR-NN). In order to account for autocorrelation due to the presence of a lagged dependent variable and to distinguish between persistence caused by time-invariant individual characteristics and a direct care effect we use Arellano-Bond estimation. In further analyses we assess the robustness of our results to policy reforms, different definitions of care and diagnosis decomposition. Results: All estimation results for the direct care effect (true state-dependence) show a positive coefficient smaller than unity with a main effect of 0.215 ( p < 0.01), which indicates that the process is stable. Persistence of care is found to be 0.065 ( p < 0:05) higher for females. Additionally, the role of time-invariant characteristics in the persistence of care appears to be large. Further analyses indicate that (1) policy reforms only slightly affected persistence of care, (2) results are robust to different definitions of care and (3) persistence of care does not differ significantly across subgroups. Conclusions: The results indicate that a substantial part of persistence is due to time-invariant individuals characteristics. Additionally, we find that in the absence of further shocks a sudden increase of 10 care contacts in the present year is associated with approximately 3 additional care contacts at some point in the future. This result provides essential information about the necessity of budget increases for future years in the case of exogenous increases in healthcare use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document